{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,30]],"date-time":"2025-12-30T22:57:27Z","timestamp":1767135447524,"version":"build-2238731810"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.cd012673","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,20]],"date-time":"2019-06-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1560988800000}}],"reference-count":79,"publisher":"Wiley","content-domain":{"domain":["wiley.com","cochranelibrary.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.cd012673.pub2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,20]],"date-time":"2019-06-20T12:36:40Z","timestamp":1561034200000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Band ligation versus no intervention for primary prevention of upper gastrointestinal bleeding in adults with cirrhosis and oesophageal varices"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"given":"Sonam","family":"Vadera","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Medicine, Royal Free Campus, University College London; UCL Institute for Liver & Digestive Health; Rowland Hill Street Hampstead London UK NW3 2PF"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Charles Wei Kit","family":"Yong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Medicine, Royal Free Campus, University College London; UCL Institute for Liver & Digestive Health; Rowland Hill Street Hampstead London UK NW3 2PF"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lise Lotte","family":"Gluud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre; Gastrounit, Medical Division; Kettegaards Alle 30 Hvidovre Denmark 2650"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marsha Y","family":"Morgan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Medicine, Royal Free Campus, University College London; UCL Institute for Liver & Digestive Health; Rowland Hill Street Hampstead London UK NW3 2PF"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012673.pub2-BIB0001|cit1","first-page":"A1240","article-title":"Prophylactic endoscopic variceal ligation (EVL) for esophageal varices","volume":"112","author":"Chen","year":"1997","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012673.pub2-BIB0002|cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1346","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510250608","article-title":"Endoscopic variceal ligation in prophylaxis of first variceal bleeding in cirrhotic patients with high-risk esophageal varices","volume":"25","author":"Lay","year":"1997","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012673.pub2-BIB0003|cit3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(99)80036-1","article-title":"Prophylactic banding ligation of high-risk esophageal varices in patients with cirrhosis: a prospective, randomized trial","volume":"31","author":"Lo","year":"1999","journal-title":"Journal of Hepatology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012673.pub2-BIB0004|cit4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1097\/00042737-199604000-00010","article-title":"A randomized controlled trial of endoscopic variceal band ligation for primary prophylaxis of variceal bleeding","volume":"8","author":"Sarin","year":"1996","journal-title":"European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012673.pub2-BIB0005|cit5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"580","DOI":"10.1007\/s004649901045","article-title":"A prospective randomized controlled trial of sclerotherapy vs ligation in the prophylactic treatment of high-risk esophageal varices","volume":"13","author":"Svoboda","year":"1999","journal-title":"Surgical Endoscopy"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012673.pub2-BIB0006|cit6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1435","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2005.02457.x","article-title":"Primary prophylaxis of variceal bleeding in cirrhotics unable to take beta-blockers: a randomized trial of ligation","volume":"21","author":"Triantos","year":"2005","journal-title":"Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012673.pub2-BIB0007|cit7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"A251","DOI":"10.1016\/0270-9139(95)94728-0","article-title":"Prophylactic endoscopic variceal band ligation (EVL) versus sclerotherapy (ES) for the prevention of variceal bleeding: an interim report of a prospective randomized controlled trial in schistosomal portal hypertension","volume":"22","author":"Gameel","year":"1995","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012673.pub2-BIB0008|cit8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1508","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.21857","article-title":"Endoscopic variceal ligation for primary prophylaxis of esophageal variceal hemorrhage in pre-liver transplant patients","volume":"15","author":"Lim","year":"2009","journal-title":"Liver Transplantation"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012673.pub2-BIB0009|cit9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"AB122","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5107(00)14245-2","article-title":"Prophylactic band ligation to prevent first bleeding from large esophageal varices","volume":"51","author":"Omar","year":"2000","journal-title":"Gastrointestinal Endoscopy"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012673.pub2-BIB0010|cit10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1116","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2007.01191.x","article-title":"Value of the hepatic venous pressure gradient to monitor drug therapy for portal hypertension: a meta-analysis","volume":"102","author":"Albillos","year":"2007","journal-title":"American Journal of Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012673.pub2-BIB0011|cit11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2008.03.1121","article-title":"Endoscopic banding devices","volume":"68","author":"Liu","year":"2008","journal-title":"Gastrointestinal Endoscopy"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012673.pub2-BIB0012|cit12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1007\/s11894-012-0308-y","article-title":"Natural history of cirrhosis","volume":"15","author":"Asrani","year":"2013","journal-title":"Current Gastroenterology Reports"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012673.pub2-BIB0013|cit13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2015.05.022","article-title":"Expanding consensus in portal hypertension Report of the Baveno VI Consensus Workshop: Stratifying risk and individualizing care for portal hypertension","volume":"63","author":"Franchis","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012673.pub2-BIB0014|cit14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2413","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2000.02368.x","article-title":"A meta-analysis of endoscopic variceal ligation for primary prophylaxis of esophageal varices","volume":"95","author":"Bedi","year":"2000","journal-title":"American Journal of Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012673.pub2-BIB0015|cit15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5107(81)73224-3","article-title":"Prediction of variceal hemorrhage by esophageal endoscopy","volume":"4","author":"Beppu","year":"1981","journal-title":"Gastrointestinal Endoscopy"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012673.pub2-BIB0016|cit16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0092","article-title":"The role of endoscopic therapy in the treatment of bleeding varices","volume":"14","author":"Bohnacker","year":"2000","journal-title":"Best Practice & Research Clinical Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"9361","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012673.pub2-BIB0017|cit17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"952","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)12778-X","article-title":"Prevention of variceal rebleeding","volume":"361","author":"Bosch","year":"2003","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012673.pub2-BIB0018|cit18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S121","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2015.01.003","article-title":"Evolution in the understanding of the pathophysiological basis of portal hypertension: how changes in paradigm are leading to successful new treatments","volume":"62","author":"Bosch","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Hepatology"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012673.pub2-BIB0019|cit19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.13277","article-title":"Prevention and treatment of variceal haemorrhage in 2017","volume":"37","author":"Brunner","year":"2017","journal-title":"Liver International"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012673.pub2-BIB0020|cit20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1407","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840060631","article-title":"Pitfalls in studies of prophylactic therapy for variceal bleeding in cirrhotics","volume":"6","author":"Burroughs","year":"1986","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012673.pub2-BIB0021|cit21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.20339","article-title":"Improved survival after variceal bleeding in patients with cirrhosis over the past two decades","volume":"40","author":"Carbonell","year":"2004","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012673.pub2-BIB0022|cit22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2003.07294.x","article-title":"Improved patient survival after acute variceal bleeding: a multicenter, cohort study","volume":"98","author":"Chalasani","year":"2003","journal-title":"American Journal of Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012673.pub2-BIB0023|cit23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/S1441-2772(23)01265-6","article-title":"Acute gastrointestinal bleeding: part II","volume":"3","author":"Collins","year":"2001","journal-title":"Critical Care and Resuscitation"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012673.pub2-BIB0024|cit24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840220145","article-title":"The treatment of portal hypertension: a meta-analytic review","volume":"22","author":"D'Amico","year":"1995","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012673.pub2-BIB0025|cit25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-1007133","article-title":"Pharmacological treatment of portal hypertension: an evidence-based approach","volume":"19","author":"D'Amico","year":"1999","journal-title":"Seminars in Liver Disease"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012673.pub2-BIB0026|cit26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2003.50385","article-title":"Upper digestive bleeding in cirrhosis. Post-therapeutic outcome and prognostic indicators","volume":"38","author":"D'Amico","year":"2003","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012673.pub2-BIB0027|cit27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1611","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2006.09.013","article-title":"Hepatic vein pressure gradient reduction and prevention of variceal bleeding in cirrhosis: a systematic review","volume":"131","author":"D'Amico","year":"2007","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012673.pub2-BIB0028|cit28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2010.04.004","article-title":"Oesophagogastroduodenoscopy in patients with cirrhosis: extending the range of detection beyond portal hypertension","volume":"43","author":"Lisi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Digestive Liver Disease"},{"issue":"7109","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012673.pub2-BIB0029|cit29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.315.7109.629","article-title":"Bias in meta-analysis detected by a simple, graphical test","volume":"315","author":"Egger","year":"1997","journal-title":"BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.)"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012673.pub2-BIB0030|cit30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"922","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21907","article-title":"Prevention and management of gastroesophageal varices and variceal hemorrhage in cirrhosis","volume":"46","author":"Garcia-Tsao","year":"2007","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012673.pub2-BIB0031|cit31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1764","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.22273","article-title":"Portal hypertension and variceal bleeding - unresolved issues. Summary of an American Association for the study of liver diseases and European Association for the study of the liver single-topic conference","volume":"47","author":"Garcia-Tsao","year":"2008","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012673.pub2-BIB0032|cit32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840110212","article-title":"Enhancement of portal pressure reduction by the association of isosorbide-5-mononitrate to propranolol administration in patients with cirrhosis","volume":"11","author":"Garc\u00eda-Pag\u00e1n","year":"1990","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012673.pub2-BIB0033|cit33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2842","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2007.01564.x","article-title":"Banding ligation versus beta-blockers as primary prophylaxis in esophageal varices: systematic review of randomized trials","volume":"102","author":"Gluud","year":"2007","journal-title":"American Journal of Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012673.pub2-BIB0034|cit34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD004544.pub2","article-title":"Banding ligation versus beta-blockers for primary prevention in oesophageal varices in adults","author":"Gluud","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012673.pub2-BIB0035|cit35","unstructured":"McMaster University (developed by Evidence Prime) GRADEpro GDT 2015"},{"issue":"21","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012673.pub2-BIB0036|cit36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2254","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa044456","article-title":"Beta-blockers to prevent gastroesophageal varices in patients with cirrhosis","volume":"353","author":"Groszmann","year":"2005","journal-title":"New England Journal of Medicine"},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012673.pub2-BIB0037|cit37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3443","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.2380","article-title":"A modified test for small-study effects in meta-analyses of controlled trials with binary endpoints","volume":"25","author":"Harbord","year":"2006","journal-title":"Statistics in Medicine"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012673.pub2-BIB0038|cit38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1177\/1740774508091600","article-title":"Imputation methods for missing outcome data in meta-analysis of clinical trials","volume":"5","author":"Higgins","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clinical Trials"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012673.pub2-BIB0039|cit39","unstructured":"Higgins JP Green S editor(s) Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 5.1.0 (updated March 2011). The Cochrane Collaboration, 2011 Available from handbook.cochrane.org"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012673.pub2-BIB0040|cit40","unstructured":"Higgins JP Altman DG Sterne JA editor(s) Chapter 8: Assessing risk of bias in included studies. In: Higgins JP, Churchill R, Chandler J, Cumpston MS, editor(s). Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions version 5.2.0 (updated June 2017). The Cochrane Collaboration, 2017 Available from: www.training.cochrane.org\/handbook"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012673.pub2-BIB0041|cit41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1478-3231.2009.02169.x","article-title":"The recent reduction in mortality from bleeding oesophageal varices is primarily observed from days 1 to 5","volume":"30","author":"Hobolth","year":"2010","journal-title":"Liver International"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012673.pub2-BIB0042|cit42","volume-title":"International conference on harmonisation of technical requirements for registration of pharmaceuticals for human use. ICH harmonised tripartite guideline. Guideline for good clinical practice CFR & ICH Guidelines","volume":"1","author":"International Conference on Harmonisation Expert Working Group","year":"1997"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012673.pub2-BIB0043|cit43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"802","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2001.23054","article-title":"A meta-analysis of endoscopic variceal ligation for primary prophylaxis of esophageal variceal bleeding","volume":"33","author":"Imperiale","year":"2001","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012673.pub2-BIB0044|cit44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02468653","article-title":"The general rules for recording endoscopic findings on esophageal varices","volume":"10","author":"Inokuchi","year":"1980","journal-title":"Japanese Journal of Surgery"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012673.pub2-BIB0045|cit45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"912","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2014.05.047","article-title":"Vascular pathobiology in chronic liver disease and cirrhosis - current status and future directions","volume":"61","author":"Iwakiri","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Hepatology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012673.pub2-BIB0046|cit46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2006.08.023","article-title":"Endoscopic screening for varices in cirrhotic patients: data from a national endoscopic database","volume":"65","author":"Kovalak","year":"2007","journal-title":"Gastrointestinal Endoscopy"},{"issue":"8226","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012673.pub2-BIB0047|cit47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"920","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(81)91617-2","article-title":"Propranolol in prevention of recurrent gastrointestinal bleeding in cirrhotic patients","volume":"1","author":"Lebrec","year":"1981","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012673.pub2-BIB0048|cit48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21945","article-title":"A pilot project examining the predicted preferences of patients and physicians in the primary prophylaxis of variceal hemorrhage","volume":"47","author":"Longacre","year":"2008","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012673.pub2-BIB0049|cit49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1698","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2008.01837.x.","article-title":"Alcohol consumption by cirrhotic subjects: patterns of use and effects on liver function","volume":"103","author":"Lucey","year":"2008","journal-title":"American Journal of Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012673.pub2-BIB0050|cit50","unstructured":"Higgins JP Lasserson T Chandler J Tovey D Churchill R Methodological Expectations of Cochrane Intervention Reviews -Version 1.06 community.cochrane.org\/mecir-manual 2018"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012673.pub2-BIB0051|cit51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(02)00420-8","article-title":"Incidence and natural history of small esophageal varices in cirrhotic patients","volume":"38","author":"Merli","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of Hepatology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012673.pub2-BIB0052|cit52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cld.2006.08.011","article-title":"Molecular and structural basis of portal hypertension","volume":"10","author":"Moreau","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clinics in Liver Disease"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012673.pub2-BIB0053|cit53","unstructured":"National Institute for Health and Care Excellence Cirrhosis in over 16s: assessment and management www.nice.org.uk\/guidance\/ng50"},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012673.pub2-BIB0054|cit54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"983","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198810133191505","article-title":"Prediction of the first variceal hemorrhage in patients with cirrhosis of the liver and esophageal varices. A prospective multicenter study","volume":"319","author":"The North Italian Endoscopic Club for the Study and Treatment of Esophageal Varices","year":"1988","journal-title":"New England Journal of Medicine"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012673.pub2-BIB0055|cit55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.MR000035.pub2","article-title":"Bias due to selective inclusion and reporting of outcomes and analyses in systematic reviews of randomised trials of healthcare interventions","author":"Page","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012673.pub2-BIB0056|cit56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0028-1098252","article-title":"Sclerotherapy of bleeding oesophageal varices by means of endoscopy","volume":"10","author":"Paquet","year":"1978","journal-title":"Endoscopy"},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012673.pub2-BIB0057|cit57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1532","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199105303242202","article-title":"Beta-adrenergic-antagonist drugs in the prevention of gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with cirrhosis and esophageal varices. An analysis of data and prognostic factors in 589 patients from four randomized clinical trials. Franco-Italian Multicenter Study Group","volume":"324","author":"Poynard","year":"1991","journal-title":"New England Journal of Medicine"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012673.pub2-BIB0058|cit58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"b2535","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.b2535","article-title":"Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement","volume":"339","author":"Moher","year":"2009","journal-title":"BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.)"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012673.pub2-BIB0059|cit59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1634","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2012-304038","article-title":"Carvedilol for primary prophylaxis of variceal bleeding in cirrhotic patients with haemodynamic non-response to propranolol","volume":"62","author":"Reiberger","year":"2013","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012673.pub2-BIB0060|cit60","unstructured":"Nordic Cochrane Centre, The Cochrane Collaboration Review Manager 5 (RevMan 5) 2014"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012673.pub2-BIB0061|cit61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5107(92)70470-2","article-title":"A prospective study of the ability of three endoscopic classifications to predict hemorrhage from esophageal varices","volume":"38","author":"Rigo","year":"1992","journal-title":"Gastrointestinal Endoscopy"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012673.pub2-BIB0062|cit62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2007.05.024","article-title":"Hepatic venous pressure gradient predicts clinical decompensation in patients with compensated cirrhosis","volume":"133","author":"Ripoll","year":"2007","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012673.pub2-BIB0063|cit63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1017\/S0266462303000552","article-title":"Literature searching for randomized controlled trials used in Cochrane reviews: rapid versus exhaustive searches","volume":"19","author":"Royle","year":"2003","journal-title":"International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care"},{"issue":"6260","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012673.pub2-BIB0064|cit64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.282.6260.263","article-title":"A 20-year prospective study of cirrhosis","volume":"282","author":"Saunders","year":"1981","journal-title":"British Medical Journal (Clinical Research Ed.)"},{"issue":"35","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012673.pub2-BIB0065|cit65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3310\/hta16350","article-title":"Influence of reported study design characteristics on intervention effect estimates from randomised controlled trials: combined analysis of meta-epidemiological studies","volume":"16","author":"Savovi\u0107","year":"2012","journal-title":"Health Technology Assessment"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012673.pub2-BIB0066|cit66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-157-6-201209180-00537","article-title":"Influence of reported study design characteristics on intervention effect estimates from randomized, controlled trials","volume":"157","author":"Savovi\u0107","year":"2012","journal-title":"Annals of Internal Medicine"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012673.pub2-BIB0067|cit67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2001.03460.x","article-title":"Incidence and management of esophageal stricture formation, ulcer bleeding, perforation, and massive hematoma formation from sclerotherapy versus band ligation","volume":"96","author":"Schmitz","year":"2001","journal-title":"American Journal of Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012673.pub2-BIB0068|cit68","unstructured":"Stata Corp, Texas, USA Stata 14 2007"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012673.pub2-BIB0069|cit69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5107(89)72850-9","article-title":"Endoscopic variceal ligation: an alternative to sclerotherapy","volume":"35","author":"Stiegmann","year":"1989","journal-title":"Gastrointestinal Endoscopy"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012673.pub2-BIB0070|cit70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1097\/MEG.0b013e3281bcb784","article-title":"Cost of treatment of oesophageal variceal bleeding in patients with cirrhosis in France: results of a French survey","volume":"19","author":"Thabut","year":"2007","journal-title":"European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012673.pub2-BIB0071|cit71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.20881","article-title":"Is banding ligation for primary prevention of variceal bleeding as effective as beta-blockers, and is it safe?","volume":"43","author":"Triantos","year":"2006","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012673.pub2-BIB0072|cit72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"835","DOI":"10.1097\/MEG.0b013e3282748f07","article-title":"Variceal band ligation versus beta-blockers for primary prevention of variceal bleeding: a meta-analysis","volume":"19","author":"Tripathi","year":"2007","journal-title":"European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012673.pub2-BIB0073|cit73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-230X-3-22","article-title":"Endoscopic sclerotherapy compared with no specific treatment for the primary prevention of bleeding from esophageal varices. A randomized controlled multicentre trial [ISRCTN03215899]","volume":"3","author":"Buuren","year":"2003","journal-title":"BMC Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012673.pub2-BIB0074|cit74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2036.2000.00778.x","article-title":"Review article: primary prophylaxis for portal hypertensive bleeding in cirrhosis","volume":"14","author":"Vlachogiannakos","year":"2000","journal-title":"Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012673.pub2-BIB0075|cit75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2007.03.013","article-title":"Trial Sequential Analysis may establish when firm evidence is reached in cumulative meta-analysis","volume":"61","author":"Wetterslev","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Epidemiology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012673.pub2-BIB0076|cit76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"931","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2000-9617","article-title":"A prospective, randomized comparison of the ease and safety of variceal ligation using a multiband vs. a conventional ligation device","volume":"32","author":"Wong","year":"2000","journal-title":"Endoscopy"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012673.pub2-BIB0077|cit77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1111\/hepr.12131","article-title":"Effect of abstinence from alcohol on survival of patients with alcoholic cirrhosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"44","author":"Xie","year":"2014","journal-title":"Hepatology Research"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012673.pub2-BIB0078|cit78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1746.1998.tb00642.x","article-title":"Effect of sucralfate granules in suspension on endoscopic variceal sclerotherapy induced ulcer: analysis of the factors determining ulcer healing","volume":"13","author":"Yang","year":"1998","journal-title":"Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012673.pub2-BIB0079|cit79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012673","article-title":"Banding ligation versus no intervention for primary prevention in adults with oesophageal varices","author":"Yong","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"}],"container-title":["Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cochranelibrary.com\/cdsr\/doi\/10.1002\/14651858.CD012673.pub2\/epdf\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,19]],"date-time":"2024-07-19T21:26:19Z","timestamp":1721424379000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/14651858.CD012673.pub2"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"name":"Cochrane Hepato-Biliary Group","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,20]]},"references-count":79,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/14651858.cd012673.pub2","relation":{},"ISSN":["1465-1858"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1465-1858","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,20]]}}}