{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T00:13:40Z","timestamp":1790208820446,"version":"4.1.0"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.cd013208","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,10]],"date-time":"2022-03-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1646870400000}}],"reference-count":148,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":["wiley.com","cochranelibrary.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.cd013208.pub2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,10]],"date-time":"2022-03-10T12:38:21Z","timestamp":1646915901000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Point-of-care viral load tests to detect high HIV viral load in people living with HIV\/AIDS attending health facilities"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"2022","author":[{"given":"Eleanor A","family":"Ochodo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Global Health Research; Kenya Medical Research Institute; Kisumu Kenya"},{"name":"Centre for Evidence-based Health Care, Department of Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences; Stellenbosch University; Cape Town South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Easter Elizabeth","family":"Olwanda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Economics; University of Nairobi; Nairobi Kenya"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan J","family":"Deeks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Test Evaluation Research Group, Institute of Applied Health Research; University of Birmingham; Birmingham UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sue","family":"Mallett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UCL Centre for Medical Imaging, Division of Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences; University College London; London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,10]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0001|cit1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0213865","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0213865","article-title":"Performance and usability of Cepheid GeneXpert HIV-1 qualitative and quantitative assay in Kenya","volume":"14","author":"Bwana","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLOS ONE"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0002|cit2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104202","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2019.104202","article-title":"Performance and usability of mPIMATM HIV 1\/2 viral load test in point of care settings in Kenya","volume":"121","author":"Bwana","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Virology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0003|cit3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2015.12.007","article-title":"Comparison of the Cepheid GeneXpert and Abbott M2000 HIV-1 real time molecular assays for monitoring HIV-1 viral load and detecting HIV-1 infection","volume":"229","author":"Ceffa","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Virological Methods"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0004|cit4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e45","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0000000000000978","article-title":"Diagnostic accuracy of the point-of-care Xpert HIV-1 viral load assay in a South African HIV clinic","volume":"72","author":"Garrett","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0005|cit5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2017.03.001","article-title":"Performance of the SAMBA I and II HIV-1 Semi-Q Tests for viral load monitoring at the point-of-care (UK)","volume":"244","author":"Goel","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Virological Methods"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0006|cit6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2017.03.001","article-title":"Performance of the SAMBA I and II HIV-1 Semi-Q Tests for viral load monitoring at the point-of-care (Kenya)","volume":"244","author":"Goel","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Virological Methods"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0007|cit7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2017.03.001","article-title":"Performance of the SAMBA I and II HIV-1 Semi-Q Tests for viral load monitoring at the point-of-care (Zimbabwe)","volume":"244","author":"Goel","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Virological Methods"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0008|cit8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2017.03.001","article-title":"Performance of the SAMBA I and II HIV-1 Semi-Q Tests for viral load monitoring at the point-of-care (Ukraine)","volume":"244","author":"Goel","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Virological Methods"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0009|cit9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0168244","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0168244","article-title":"Options to expand HIV viral load testing in South Africa: evaluation of the GeneXpert\u00ae HIV-1 viral load assay","volume":"11","author":"Gous","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLOS ONE"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0010|cit10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1111\/tmi.13519","article-title":"Implementation and operational feasibility of SAMBA I HIV-1 semi-quantitative viral load testing at the point-of-care in rural settings in Malawi and Uganda","volume":"26","author":"Gueguen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Tropical Medicine & International Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0011|cit11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1111\/tmi.13519","article-title":"Implementation and operational feasibility of SAMBA I HIV-1 semi-quantitative viral load testing at the point of care in rural settings in Malawi and Uganda","volume":"26","author":"Gueguen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Tropical Medicine & International Health"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0012|cit12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0000000000001003","article-title":"Performance evaluation of the new HIV-1 quantification assay, Xpert HIV-1 viral load, on a wide panel of HIV-1 variants","volume":"72","author":"Gueudin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0013|cit13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2104","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00362-16","article-title":"Evaluation of the whole-blood Alere Q NAT point-of-care RNA assay for HIV-1 viral load monitoring in a primary health care setting in Mozambique","volume":"54","author":"Jani","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Microbiology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0014|cit14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2016.04.014","article-title":"Multi-site clinical evaluation of the Xpert HIV-1 viral load assay","volume":"80","author":"Jordan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Virology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0015|cit15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0232345","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0232345","article-title":"Comparison of Alere q whole blood viral load with DBS and plasma viral load in the classification of HIV virological failure","volume":"15","author":"Khan","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLOS ONE"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0016|cit16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e25487","DOI":"10.1002\/jia2.25487","article-title":"Point-of-care HIV maternal viral load and early infant diagnosis testing around time of delivery at tertiary obstetric units in South Africa: a prospective study of coverage, results return and turn-around times","volume":"23","author":"Kufa","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of the International AIDS Society"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0017|cit17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"506","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-017-2604-5","article-title":"GeneXpert HIV-1 quant assay, a new tool for scale up of viral load monitoring in the success of ART programme in India","volume":"17","author":"Kulkarni","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Infectious Diseases"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0018|cit18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3458","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01806-15","article-title":"Evaluation of the real time HIV-1, Xpert HIV-1, and Aptima HIV-1 quant dx assays in comparison to the NucliSens EasyQ HIV-1 v2.0 assay for quantification of HIV-1 viral load","volume":"53","author":"Mor","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Microbiology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0019|cit19","unstructured":"Mtapuri-Zinyowera S Ndlovu Z Farjardo E Metcalf C Kao K Rumaney M Laboratory evaluation of the GeneXpert HIV-1 Quant viral load assay in Zimbabwe. 23rd Conference on Retroviruses & Opportunistic Infections (CROI); 2016 Feb 22-25; Boston (MA) Boston (MA) Conference on Retroviruses & Opportunistic Infections (CROI) 2016"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0020|cit20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3377","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00593-14","article-title":"SAMBA HIV semiquantitative test, a new point-of-care viral-load-monitoring assay for resource-limited settings (UK)","volume":"52","author":"Ritchie","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Microbiology"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0021|cit21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3377","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00593-14","article-title":"SAMBA HIV semiquantitative test, a new point-of-care viral-load-monitoring assay for resource-limited settings (Malawi)","volume":"52","author":"Ritchie","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Microbiology"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0022|cit22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3377","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00593-14","article-title":"SAMBA HIV semiquantitative test, a new point-of-care viral-load-monitoring assay for resource-limited settings (Uganda)","volume":"52","author":"Ritchie","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Microbiology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0023|cit23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5679","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-41963-y","article-title":"Utility of POC Xpert HIV-1 tests for detection-quantification of complex HIV recombinants using dried blood spots from Kinshasa, D. R. Congo","volume":"9","author":"Rubio-Garrido","year":"2019","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0024|cit24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1379","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.000514","article-title":"Performance of point-of-care Xpert HIV-1 plasma viral load assay at a tertiary HIV care centre in Southern India","volume":"66","author":"Swathirajan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Medical Microbiology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0025|cit25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-14-181","article-title":"Drug resistance in HIV patients with virological failure or slow virological response to antiretroviral therapy in Ethiopia","volume":"14","author":"Abdissa","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Infectious Diseases"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0026|cit26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1186\/0717-6287-47-22","article-title":"A robust HIV-1 viral load detection assay optimized for Indian sub type C specific strains and resource limiting setting","volume":"47","author":"Acharya","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biological Research"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0027|cit27","unstructured":"A study to examine the tolerability and antiviral activity of switching to Biktarvy tablets taken once daily compared to baseline over 48 weeks in HIV-1 infected antiretroviral therapy (ART) experienced participants aged 55 years and older who are virologically suppressed on a current antiretroviral regimen (CAR) anzctr.org.au\/Trial\/Registration\/TrialReview.aspx?id=375648"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0028|cit28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.4067\/S0034-98872005000300004","article-title":"Resistencia primaria a terapia antirretroviral en pacientes con infecci\u00f3n por VIH\/SIDA en Chile","volume":"133","author":"Afani","year":"2005","journal-title":"Revista M\u00e9dica de Chile"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0029|cit29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0218369","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0218369","article-title":"Systematic review of the performance and clinical utility of point of care HIV-1 RNA testing for diagnosis and care","volume":"14","author":"Agutu","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLOS ONE"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0030|cit30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1231","DOI":"10.3855\/jidc.4664","article-title":"HIV point-of-care diagnostics: meeting the special needs of sub-Saharan Africa","volume":"8","author":"Aleku","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Infection in Developing Countries"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0031|cit31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0228192","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0228192","article-title":"The dual-target approach in viral HIV-1 viremia testing: an added value to virological monitoring?","volume":"15","author":"Amendola","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLOS ONE"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0032|cit32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1007\/s11904-010-0067-z","article-title":"Point-of-care testing","volume":"8","author":"Anderson","year":"2011","journal-title":"Current HIV\/AIDS Reports"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0033|cit33","first-page":"52","article-title":"\u201cSilent\u201d carriers of HIV and the epidemiology of AIDS: a review","volume":"12","author":"Anyiwo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pacific Journal of Medical Sciences"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0034|cit34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.4102\/ajlm.v4i1.178","article-title":"Potential for false-positive HIV test results using rapid HIV testing algorithms","volume":"4","author":"Audu","year":"2015","journal-title":"African Journal of Laboratory Medicine"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0035|cit35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2017.05.014","article-title":"Comparison between Roche and Xpert in HIV-1 RNA quantitation: a high concordance between the two techniques except for a CRF02_AG subtype variant with high viral load titters detected by Roche but undetected by Xpert","volume":"93","author":"Avidor","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Virology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0036|cit36","first-page":"33","article-title":"Human immunodeficiency virus bDNA assay for pediatric cases","volume":"32","author":"Avila","year":"2000","journal-title":"Revista Argentina de Microbiolog\u00eda"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0037|cit37","first-page":"33","article-title":"Human immunodeficiency virus bDNA assay for pediatric cases","volume":"32","author":"Avila","year":"2000","journal-title":"Revista Argentina de Microbiolog\u00eda"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0038|cit38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0230205","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0230205","article-title":"Concurrent advanced HIV disease and viral load suppression in a high-burden setting: findings from the 2015-6 ZIMPHIA survey","volume":"15","author":"Balachandra","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLOS ONE"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0039|cit39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s40475-017-0098-2","article-title":"Optimizing treatment monitoring in resource limited settings in the era of routine viral load monitoring","volume":"4","author":"Barbara","year":"2017","journal-title":"Current Tropical Medicine Reports"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0040|cit40","first-page":"2","article-title":"One-step real-time PCR for HIV-2 group A and B RNA plasma viral load in lightcycler 2.0","volume":"19","author":"Bastos","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of the International AIDS Society"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0041|cit41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1251","DOI":"10.2217\/fmb.11.121","article-title":"Challenges in implementing HIV laboratory monitoring in resource-constrained settings: how to do more with less","volume":"6","author":"B\u00e9lec","year":"2011","journal-title":"Future Microbiology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0042|cit42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmoldx.2014.01.004","article-title":"HIV viral RNA extraction in wax immiscible filtration assisted by surface tension (IFAST) devices","volume":"16","author":"Berry","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Molecular Diagnostics"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0043|cit43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1109\/HIC.2016.7797737","article-title":"Point-of-care HIV-1 diagnostic with integrated nucleic acid extraction and amplification from whole blood","volume":"2016","author":"Borysiak","year":"2016","journal-title":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0044|cit44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2018-053688","article-title":"HIV viral load point-of-care testing: the what, the whys and the wherefores","volume":"94","author":"Brook","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sexually Transmitted Infections"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0045|cit45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e86","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0000000000001227","article-title":"Xpert HIV-1 viral load assay and VERSANTHIV-1 RNA 1.5 assay: a performance comparison","volume":"74","author":"Bruzzone","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0046|cit46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S197","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0000000000001050","article-title":"Point-of-care virologic testing to improve outcomes of HIV-infected children in Zambia: a clinical trial protocol","volume":"72","author":"Chibwesha","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0047|cit47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S197","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0000000000001050","article-title":"Point-of-care virologic testing to improve outcomes of HIV-infected children in Zambia: a clinical trial protocol","volume":"72","author":"Chibwesha","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0048|cit48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.2217\/fmb.15.121","article-title":"Viral-load point-of-care technologies to achieve an AIDS-free generation","volume":"11","author":"Cogswell","year":"2016","journal-title":"Future Microbiology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0049|cit49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.4314\/mmj.v28i4.6","article-title":"Challenges with targeted viral load testing for medical inpatients at Queen Elizabeth central hospital in Blantyre, Malawi","volume":"28","author":"Craik","year":"2016","journal-title":"Malawi Medical Journal"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0050|cit50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2013.2244894","article-title":"Micro- and nanotechnology for HIV\/AIDS diagnostics in resource-limited settings","volume":"60","author":"Damhorst","year":"2013","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0051|cit51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4264","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.39.12.4264-4268.2001","article-title":"Quantification of proviral load of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 subtypes A and B using real-time PCR","volume":"39","author":"Damond","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Microbiology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0052|cit52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1303","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.39.4.1303-1310.2001","article-title":"Quantification of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 proviral load by a TaqMan real-time PCR assay","volume":"39","author":"D\u00e9sir\u00e9","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Microbiology"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0053|cit53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e017507","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2017-017507","article-title":"Protocol for a randomised controlled implementation trial of point-of-care viral load testing and task shifting: the Simplifying HIV TREAtment and Monitoring (STREAM) study","volume":"7","author":"Dorward","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0054|cit54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e8","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3018(17)30211-4","article-title":"Point-of-care viral load testing and differentiated HIV care","volume":"5","author":"Dorward","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet HIV"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0055|cit55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1097\/COH.0000000000000351","article-title":"Point-of-care diagnostics: extending the laboratory network to reach the last mile","volume":"12","author":"Drain","year":"2017","journal-title":"Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0056|cit56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e00097","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00097-18","article-title":"Point-of-care HIV viral load testing: an essential tool for a sustainable global HIV\/AIDS response","volume":"32","author":"Drain","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clinical Microbiology Reviews"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0057|cit57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e229","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3018(19)30402-3","article-title":"Point-of-care HIV viral load testing combined with task shifting to improve treatment outcomes (STREAM): findings from an open-label, non-inferiority, randomised controlled trial","volume":"7","author":"Drain","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet HIV"},{"issue":"Suppl 9","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0058|cit58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S824","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jix413","article-title":"Current status of point-of-care testing for human immunodeficiency virus drug resistance","volume":"216","author":"Duarte","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Infectious Diseases"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0059|cit59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13658","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-13287-2","article-title":"A pilot evaluation of whole blood finger-prick sampling for point-of-care HIV viral load measurement: the UNICORN study","volume":"7","author":"Fidler","year":"2017","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0060|cit60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0000000000002555","article-title":"Near point of care HIV viral load: targeted testing at large facilities","volume":"86","author":"Ganesh","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0061|cit61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mpmed.2009.03.009","article-title":"HIV testing and monitoring","volume":"37","author":"Geretti","year":"2009","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0062|cit62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36000","DOI":"10.1038\/srep36000","article-title":"Novel pH sensing semiconductor for point-of-care detection of HIV-1 viremia","volume":"6","author":"Gurrala","year":"2016","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0063|cit63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497046","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/497046","article-title":"Point of care technologies for HIV","volume":"2014","author":"Haleyur Giri Setty","year":"2014","journal-title":"AIDS Research and Treatment"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0064|cit64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(09)70321-4","article-title":"Diagnosis and management of antiretroviral-therapy failure in resource-limited settings in sub-Saharan Africa: challenges and perspectives","volume":"10","author":"Harries","year":"2010","journal-title":"Lancet Infectious Diseases"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0065|cit65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56-62","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2015.05.020","article-title":"Comparative performance of the new Aptima HIV-1 Quant Dx assay with three commercial PCR-based HIV-1 RNA quantitation assays","volume":"69","author":"Hopkins","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Virology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0066|cit66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e128","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0000000000001384","article-title":"Brief report: high sensitivity and specificity of the Cepheid Xpert HIV-1 qualitative point-of-care test among newborns in Botswana","volume":"75","author":"Ibrahim","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0067|cit67","unstructured":"Performance evaluation of a point-of-care whole blood viral load test (SAMBA II HIV-1 Semi-Q Whole Blood) to optimise HIV treatment isrctn.com\/ISRCTN12803987"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0068|cit68","unstructured":"Performance evaluation of a point-of-care whole blood viral load test (SAMBA II HIV-1 Semi-Q Whole Blood) to optimise HIV treatment isrctn.com\/ISRCTN12803987"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0069|cit69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bios.2012.10.024","article-title":"A point-of-care PCR test for HIV-1 detection in resource-limited settings","volume":"42","author":"Jangam","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biosensors and Bioelectronics"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0070|cit70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1080\/07388551.2020.1751058","article-title":"Advances in HIV diagnosis and monitoring","volume":"40","author":"Kabir","year":"2020","journal-title":"Critical Reviews in Biotechnology"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0071|cit71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1509","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0b013e3283617544","article-title":"Viral load monitoring for antiretroviral therapy in resource-poor settings: an evolving role","volume":"27","author":"Kahn","year":"2013","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0072|cit72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1156","DOI":"10.1038\/nm0812-1156","article-title":"Point-of-care tests poised to alter course of HIV treatment","volume":"18","author":"Laursen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nature Medicine"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0073|cit73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S65","DOI":"10.1086\/650385","article-title":"Simple amplification-based assay: a nucleic acid based point-of-care platform for HIV-1 testing","volume":"201","author":"Lee","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Infectious Diseases"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0074|cit74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S65","DOI":"10.1086\/650385","article-title":"Simple amplification-based assay: a nucleic acid-based point-of-care platform for HIV-1 testing","volume":"201","author":"Lee","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Infectious Diseases"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0075|cit75","first-page":"299","article-title":"HIV-1 plasma viral load detection by branched DNA signal amplification","volume":"18","author":"Luliano","year":"1995","journal-title":"Microbiologica"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0076|cit76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1097\/00126334-199910010-00016","article-title":"Plasma RNA viral load as measured by the branched DNA and nucleic acid sequence-based amplification assays of HIV-1 subtypes A and D in Uganda","volume":"22","author":"Mani","year":"1999","journal-title":"Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0077|cit77","first-page":"13","article-title":"Point of care diagnostics for HIV in resource limited settings: an overview","volume":"54","author":"Manoto","year":"2018","journal-title":"Medicina (Kaunas)"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0078|cit78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104212","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2019.104212","article-title":"The performance of a new point-of-care HIV virus load technology to identify patients failing antiretroviral treatment","volume":"122","author":"Mariani","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Virology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0079|cit79","first-page":"28","article-title":"Correlation between GeneXpert, a novel human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) assay for viral load measurement assay with the Abbott m2000 real-time assay","volume":"17","author":"Masuko","year":"2016","journal-title":"HIV Medicine"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0080|cit80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100344","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2020.100344","article-title":"High-frequency failure of combination antiretroviral therapy in paediatric HIV infection is associated with unmet maternal needs causing maternal non-adherence","volume":"22","author":"Millar","year":"2020","journal-title":"eClinicalMedicine"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0081|cit81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3050","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01594-16","article-title":"Point-of-care Cepheid Xpert HIV-1 Viral Load test in rural African communities is feasible and reliable","volume":"54","author":"Moyo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Microbiology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0082|cit82","unstructured":"Moyo F Haeri MA Murray T Technau KG Carmona S Kufa T Characterizing viral load burden among HIV-infected women at time of delivery: findings from four tertiary obstetric units in Gauteng, South Africa Journal of the International AIDS Society 2019 22 Suppl 5"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0083|cit83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0000000000002267","article-title":"Characterizing viral load burden among HIV-infected women around the time of delivery: findings from four tertiary obstetric units in Gauteng, South Africa","volume":"83","author":"Moyo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0084|cit84","first-page":"S269","article-title":"HIV viral suppression in a 16-year cohort (2002-2018), in a rural area, Chokwe, Mozambique","volume":"113","author":"Nacarapa","year":"2019","journal-title":"Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0085|cit85","first-page":"e754","article-title":"Use of the GeneXpert tuberculosis system for HIV viral load testing in India","volume":"5","author":"Nash","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0086|cit86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e01673","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01673-17","article-title":"Performance of the Xpert HIV-1 viral load assay: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"56","author":"Nash","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Microbiology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0087|cit87","unstructured":"HIV viral load monitoring in resource-poor settings clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT00929604"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0088|cit88","unstructured":"Clinical evaluation of the Xpert\u00ae HIV-1 VL clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT02461576"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0089|cit89","unstructured":"Point-of-care viral load testing to enable streamlined care and task shifting for chronic HIV care (STREAM) clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT03066128"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0090|cit90","unstructured":"Point-of-care viral load testing to enable streamlined care and task shifting for chronic HIV care (STREAM) clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT03066128"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0091|cit91","unstructured":"Xpert Ultra and Xpert HIV-VL in people living with HIV clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT03187964"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0092|cit92","unstructured":"Point-of-care viral load testing among HIV-infected adolescents in Haiti clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT03288246"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0093|cit93","unstructured":"Point-of-care viral load testing among HIV-infected adolescents in Haiti clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT03288246"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0094|cit94","unstructured":"Reaching 90% HIV suppression: the role of POC viral load monitoring in Nigeria clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT03533868"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0095|cit95","unstructured":"Rapid HIV viral load monitoring in high risk patients in Uganda (RAPID-VL) clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT03553693"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0096|cit96","unstructured":"Rapid HIV viral load monitoring in high risk patients in Uganda clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT03553693"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0097|cit97","unstructured":"More than a machine: make point-of-care HIV-1 viral load testing effective in rural Uganda clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT04517825"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0098|cit98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0193577","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0193577","article-title":"Multidisease testing for HIV and TB using the GeneXpert platform: a feasibility study in rural Zimbabwe","volume":"13","author":"Ndlovu","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLOS ONE"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0099|cit99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2165","DOI":"10.1002\/rmv.2165","article-title":"HIV-1 viral load testing in resource-limited settings: challenges and solutions for specimen integrity","volume":"31","author":"Newman","year":"2020","journal-title":"Reviews in Medical Virology"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0100|cit100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e25387","DOI":"10.1002\/jia2.25387","article-title":"Point-of-care viral load monitoring: outcomes from a decentralized HIV programme in Malawi","volume":"22","author":"Nicholas","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of the International AIDS Society"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0101|cit101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e52","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0000000000001476","article-title":"Multicountry validation of SAMBA - a novel molecular point-of-care test for HIV-1 detection in resource-limited setting","volume":"76","author":"Ondiek","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0102|cit102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e26","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(16)30212-2","article-title":"Early antiretroviral therapy initiation: access and equity of viral load testing for HIV treatment monitoring","volume":"17","author":"Peter","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet Infectious Diseases"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0103|cit103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"ofw161","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofw161","article-title":"Point-of-care viral load testing for sub-Saharan Africa: informing a target product profile","volume":"3","author":"Phillips","year":"2016","journal-title":"Open Forum Infectious Diseases"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0104|cit104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2016.08.017","article-title":"Performance evaluation of the point-of-care SAMBA I and II HIV-1 Qual whole blood tests","volume":"237","author":"Ritchie","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Virological Methods"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0105|cit105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104479","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2020.104479","article-title":"Performance evaluation of the Aptima HIV-1 RNA Quant assay on the Panther system using the standard and dilution protocols","volume":"129","author":"Rossetti","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Virology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0106|cit106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cit733","article-title":"Developments in CD4 and viral load monitoring in resource-limited settings","volume":"58","author":"Rowley","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clinical Infectious Diseases"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0107|cit107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1881","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0000000000002303","article-title":"Performance of Cepheid Xpert HIV-1 viral load plasma assay to accurately detect treatment failure","volume":"33","author":"Sacks","year":"2019","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0108|cit108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493-9","DOI":"10.1515\/cclm-2015-0522","article-title":"Comparative evaluation of the Aptima HIV-1 Quant Dx assay and COBAS TaqMan HIV-1 v2.0 assay using the Roche High Pure System for the quantification of HIV-1 RNA in plasma","volume":"54","author":"Schalasta","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0109|cit109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2017.05.006","article-title":"Comparison of the Hologic Aptima HIV-1 Quant Dx assay to the Roche COBAS AmpliPrep\/COBAS TaqMan HIV-1 Test v2.0 for the quantification of HIV-1 RNA in plasma samples","volume":"92","author":"Sch\u00f8nning","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Virology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0110|cit110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1616","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.03325-14","article-title":"Laboratory evaluation of the Liat HIV Quant (IQuum) whole-blood and plasma HIV-1 viral load assays for point-of-care testing in South Africa","volume":"53","author":"Scott","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Microbiology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0111|cit111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e183","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3018(16)00019-9","article-title":"Community viral load, antiretroviral therapy coverage, and HIV incidence in India: a cross-sectional, comparative study","volume":"3","author":"Solomon","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet HIV"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0112|cit112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S52","DOI":"10.1086\/650387","article-title":"A rapid and automated sample-to-result HIV load test for near-patient application","volume":"201","author":"Tanriverdi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Infectious Diseases"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0113|cit113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1080","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.02853-14","article-title":"Leukodepletion as a point-of-care method for monitoring HIV-1 viral load in whole blood","volume":"53","author":"Titchmarsh","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Microbiology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0114|cit114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2019.10.010","article-title":"Development and validation of a simple and rapid way to generate low volume of plasma to be used in point-of-care HIV virus load technologies","volume":"24","author":"Vasconcellos","year":"2020","journal-title":"Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0115|cit115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100231","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2019.12.001","article-title":"Determining virological suppression and resuppression by point-of-care viral load testing in a HIV care setting in sub-Saharan Africa","volume":"18","author":"Villa","year":"2020","journal-title":"eClinicalMedicine"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0116|cit116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"816","DOI":"10.1177\/0956462420923883","article-title":"Does qualitative viral load testing shorten the window period for diagnosing HIV in individuals attending for post-exposure prophylaxis?","volume":"31","author":"Whitlock","year":"2020","journal-title":"International Journal of STD and AIDS"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0117|cit117","unstructured":"African Society for Laboratory Medicine Viral load monitoring in African HIV Treatment Programmes. Expert consultation; Cape Town, South Africa; 2013 Apr 18-20 mfr.osf.io\/render?url=https%3A%2F%2Fosf.io%2F56mq8%2Fdownload"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0118|cit118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(13)70250-0","article-title":"Evaluating diagnostic point-of-care tests in resource-limited settings","volume":"14","author":"Drain","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet Infectious Diseases"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0119|cit119","unstructured":"EndNote Thomson Reuters 2016"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0120|cit120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0b013e3182557785","article-title":"Rates and predictors of failure of first-line antiretroviral therapy and switch to second-line ART in South Africa","volume":"60","author":"Fox","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0121|cit121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"760","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2014.01.006","article-title":"Applying Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) to diagnostic tests was challenging but doable","volume":"67","author":"Gopalakrishna","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Epidemiology"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0122|cit122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e010549","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2015-010549","article-title":"Barriers to making recommendations about medical tests: a qualitative study of European guideline developers","volume":"6","author":"Gopalakrishna","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0123|cit123","unstructured":"Sch\u00fcnemann H Bro\u017cek J Guyatt G Oxman A Handbook for grading the quality of evidence and the strength of recommendations using the GRADE approach (updated October 2013). GRADE Working Group, 2013 Available from gdt.guidelinedevelopment.org\/app\/handbook\/handbook.html"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0124|cit124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e25631","DOI":"10.1002\/jia2.25631","article-title":"Prevalence of nonsuppressed viral load and associated factors among HIV-positive adults receiving antiretroviral therapy in Eswatini, Lesotho, Malawi, Zambia and Zimbabwe (2015 to 2017): results from population-based nationally representative surveys","volume":"23","author":"Haas","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of the International AIDS Society"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0125|cit125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.286.2.171","article-title":"Prevalence and predictive value of intermittent viremia with combination HIV therapy","volume":"286","author":"Havlir","year":"2001","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0126|cit126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"982","DOI":"10.1080\/09540121.2016.1164292","article-title":"Antiretroviral therapy initiation and adherence in rural South Africa: community health workers' perspectives on barriers and facilitators","volume":"28","author":"Loeliger","year":"2016","journal-title":"AIDS Care"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0127|cit127","unstructured":"Macaskill P Gatsonis C Deeks JJ Harbord R Takwoingi Y Chapter 10: Analysing and presenting results. In: Deeks JJ, Bossuyt PM, Gatsonis C, editor(s). Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Diagnostic Test Accuracy Version 1.0.0. The Cochrane Collaboration, 2013 Available from srdta.cochrane.org"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0128|cit128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1801","DOI":"10.2147\/JMDH.S282116","article-title":"Barriers and facilitators of same-day antiretroviral therapy initiation among people newly diagnosed with HIV in Ethiopia: qualitative study using the transtheoretical model of behavioral change","volume":"13","author":"Moges","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0129|cit129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1001306","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001306","article-title":"Point-of-care testing for infectious diseases: diversity, complexity, and barriers in low- and middle-income countries","volume":"9","author":"Pai","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLOS Medicine"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0130|cit130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0168057","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0168057","article-title":"Facilitators and barriers of antiretroviral therapy initiation among HIV discordant couples in Kenya: qualitative insights from a pre-exposure prophylaxis implementation study","volume":"11","author":"Patel","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLOS ONE"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0131|cit131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"982","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2005.02.022","article-title":"Bivariate analysis of sensitivity and specificity produces informative summary measures in diagnostic reviews","volume":"58","author":"Reitsma","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Epidemiology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0132|cit132","unstructured":"Nordic Cochrane Centre, The Cochrane Collaboration Review Manager 5 (RevMan 5) 2020"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0133|cit133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3377","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00593-14","article-title":"SAMBA HIV semiquantitative test, a new point-of-care viral-load-monitoring assay for resource-limited settings","volume":"52","author":"Ritchie","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Microbiology"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0134|cit134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S161","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0000000000000236","article-title":"Predicting treatment failure in adults and children on antiretroviral therapy: a systematic review of the performance characteristics of the 2010 WHO immunologic and clinical criteria for virologic failure","volume":"28","author":"Rutherford","year":"2014","journal-title":"AIDS (London, England)"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0135|cit135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S169","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jis044","article-title":"Opportunities and challenges for cost-efficient implementation of new point-of-care diagnostics for HIV and tuberculosis","volume":"205","author":"Schito","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Infectious Diseases"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0136|cit136","unstructured":"Stata StataCorp 2017"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0137|cit137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1896","DOI":"10.1177\/0962280215592269","article-title":"Performance of methods for meta-analysis of diagnostic test accuracy with few studies or sparse data","volume":"26","author":"Takwoingi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Statistical Methods in Medical Research"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0138|cit138","unstructured":"UNAIDS data 2020 unaids.org\/en\/resources\/documents\/2020\/unaids-data"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0139|cit139","unstructured":"HIV\/AIDS diagnostics technology landscape - 4th edition, 2014 unitaid.org\/assets\/UNITAID-HIV_Diagnostic_Landscape-4th_edition.pdf"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0140|cit140","unstructured":"HIV\/AIDS diagnostics technology landscape - 5th edition, 2015 www.unitaid.org\/assets\/UNITAID_HIV_Nov_2015_Dx_Landscape-1.pdf"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0141|cit141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-155-8-201110180-00009","article-title":"QUADAS-2: a revised tool for the quality assessment of diagnostic accuracy studies","volume":"155","author":"Whiting","year":"2011","journal-title":"Annals of Internal Medicine"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0142|cit142","unstructured":"World Health Organization Antiretroviral therapy for HIV infection in adults and adolescents: recommendations for a public health approach revision, 2010 www.who.int\/hiv\/pub\/arv\/adult2010\/en"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0143|cit143","unstructured":"World Health Organization Consolidated guidelines on the use of antiretroviral drugs for treating and preventing HIV infection. Recommendations for a public health approach, 2013 www.who.int\/hiv\/pub\/guidelines\/arv2013\/en\/"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0144|cit144","unstructured":"World Health Organization Technical and operational considerations for implementing HIV viral load testing: interim technical update, 2014 apps.who.int\/iris\/handle\/10665\/128121"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0145|cit145","unstructured":"World Health Organization Guideline on when to start antiretroviral therapy and on pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV. September 2015 apps.who.int\/iris\/bitstream\/handle\/10665\/186275\/9789241509565_eng.pdf"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0146|cit146","unstructured":"World Health Organization Consolidated guidelines on the use of antiretroviral drugs for treating and preventing HIV infection: recommendations for a public health approach - 2nd edition, 2016 www.who.int\/hiv\/pub\/arv\/arv-2016\/en\/"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0147|cit147","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"914","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.12.102780","article-title":"Low-cost tools for diagnosing and monitoring HIV infection in low-resource settings","volume":"90","author":"Wu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Bulletin of the World Health Organization"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2-BIB0148|cit148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013208","article-title":"Point-of-care viral load tests to detect high HIV viral load levels in HIV-positive people on antiretroviral therapy","author":"Ochodo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"}],"container-title":["Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,18]],"date-time":"2023-11-18T17:36:50Z","timestamp":1700329010000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/14651858.CD013208.pub2"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"name":"Cochrane Infectious Diseases Group","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,10]]},"references-count":148,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/14651858.cd013208.pub2","relation":{},"ISSN":["1465-1858"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1465-1858","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,10]]}}}