{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T00:41:21Z","timestamp":1792370481088,"version":"4.4.0"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.cd013695","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]],"date-time":"2026-02-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771286400000}}],"reference-count":95,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":["wiley.com","cochranelibrary.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.cd013695.pub2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]],"date-time":"2026-02-17T12:36:07Z","timestamp":1771331767000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Intravenous chemotherapy versus intra-arterial chemotherapy for retinoblastoma"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"2026","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0224-3597","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander C","family":"Rokohl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Anatomy and Cell Biology; Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology - Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University; Salzburg Austria"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology; University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne; Cologne Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nikola","family":"Lohmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology; University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne; Cologne Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Niklas","family":"Reinking","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology; University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne; Cologne Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicole","family":"Skoetz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cochrane Evidence Synthesis Unit Germany\/UK, Cochrane Haematology, Institute of Public Health; Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne; Cologne Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ludwig M","family":"Heindl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Anatomy and Cell Biology; Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology - Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University; Salzburg Austria"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology; University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne; Cologne Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013695.pub2-BIB0001|cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1007\/s00280-020-04036-w","article-title":"Evaluating primary intra-arterial chemotherapy versus intravenous plus intra-arterial chemotherapy for advanced intraocular retinoblastoma","volume":"85","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013695.pub2-BIB0002|cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3760\/cma.j.cn115989-20200917-00652","article-title":"Comparison of the clinical outcomes of ophthalmic artery chemotherapy with systemic vein-eye artery chemotherapy for retinoblastoma in children","volume":"40","author":"Di","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Experimental Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013695.pub2-BIB0003|cit3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1086","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2016-309298","article-title":"First-line intra-arterial versus intravenous chemotherapy in unilateral sporadic group D retinoblastoma: evidence of better visual outcomes, ocular survival and shorter time to success with intra-arterial delivery from retrospective review of 20 years of treatment","volume":"101","author":"Munier","year":"2017","journal-title":"British Journal of Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013695.pub2-BIB0004|cit4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oret.2020.09.006","article-title":"Adverse events, treatment burden, and outcomes of intravenous versus intra-arterial chemotherapy for retinoblastoma","volume":"5","author":"Santapuram","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ophthalmology Retina"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013695.pub2-BIB0005|cit5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-4642(23)00141-4","article-title":"Intravenous versus super-selected intra-arterial chemotherapy in children with advanced unilateral retinoblastoma: an open-label, multicentre, randomised trial","volume":"7","author":"Wen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet Child & Adolescent Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013695.pub2-BIB0006|cit6","first-page":"1199","article-title":"Intra-arterial chemotherapy combined with VEC intravenous chemotherapy in the treatment of advanced retinoblastoma","volume":"25","author":"Xu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Balkan Union of Oncology"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013695.pub2-BIB0007|cit7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.3345\/kjp.2013.56.6.254","article-title":"Combined chemotherapy and intra-arterial chemotherapy of retinoblastoma","volume":"56","author":"Choi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Korean Journal of Pediatrics"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013695.pub2-BIB0008|cit8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1167\/tvst.10.11.10","article-title":"Efficacy, toxicity, and pharmacokinetics of intra-arterial chemotherapy versus intravenous chemotherapy for retinoblastoma in animal models and patients","volume":"10","author":"Daniels","year":"2021","journal-title":"Translational Vision Science & Technology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013695.pub2-BIB0009|cit9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.22336\/rjo.2021.5","article-title":"Globe salvage treatment in group D and group E retinoblastoma","volume":"65","author":"Hussain","year":"2021","journal-title":"Romanian Journal of Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013695.pub2-BIB0010|cit10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2225","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-018-4051-4","article-title":"Retrospective analysis of primarily treated group D retinoblastoma","volume":"256","author":"Kiratli","year":"2018","journal-title":"Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013695.pub2-BIB0011|cit11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10225421","article-title":"Changes in treatment patterns and globe salvage rate of advanced retinoblastoma in korea: efficacy of intra-arterial chemotherapy","volume":"10","author":"Lee","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Medicine"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013695.pub2-BIB0012|cit12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1080\/13816810.2019.1711427","article-title":"Retinopathy in young retinoblastoma patients receiving a chemotherapy treatment: clinical trials and morphometric analysis","volume":"40","author":"Saakyan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Genetics"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013695.pub2-BIB0013|cit13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1097\/APO.0000000000000172","article-title":"Unilateral retinoblastoma managed with intravenous chemotherapy versus intra-arterial chemotherapy. outcomes based on the international classification of retinoblastoma","volume":"5","author":"Shields","year":"2016","journal-title":"Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology (Philadelphia)"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013695.pub2-BIB0014|cit14","unstructured":"A randomized controlled clinical study on combination chemotherapy of intravenous and intra-arterial in treating retinoblastoma http:\/\/www.chictr.org.cn\/showproj.aspx?proj=59293 (date accessed 8 June 2025)"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013695.pub2-BIB0015|cit15","unstructured":"Zhang J A multi-center, prospective, randomized study of sequential intravenous chemotherapy combine with intra-arterial chemotherapy vs intra-arterial chemotherapy for retinoblastoma https:\/\/www.chictr.org.cn\/showproj.html?proj=11881"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013695.pub2-BIB0016|cit16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1398","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2007.12.014","article-title":"A phase I\/II study of direct intraarterial (ophthalmic artery) chemotherapy with melphalan for intraocular retinoblastoma initial results","volume":"115","author":"Abramson","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013695.pub2-BIB0017|cit17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2011-300498","article-title":"Intra-arterial chemotherapy for retinoblastoma in eyes with vitreous and\/or subretinal seeding: 2-year results","volume":"96","author":"Abramson","year":"2012","journal-title":"British Journal of Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013695.pub2-BIB0018|cit18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0146582","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0146582","article-title":"Intra-arterial chemotherapy (ophthalmic artery chemosurgery) for group d retinoblastoma","volume":"11","author":"Abramson","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLOS One"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013695.pub2-BIB0019|cit19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1186\/s40942-017-0093-8","article-title":"Metastatic deaths in retinoblastoma patients treated with intraarterial chemotherapy (ophthalmic artery chemosurgery) worldwide","volume":"3","author":"Abramson","year":"2017","journal-title":"International Journal of Retina and Vitreous"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013695.pub2-BIB0020|cit20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arcped.2015.09.025","article-title":"Retinoblastoma update","volume":"23","author":"Aerts","year":"2016","journal-title":"Archives of Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013695.pub2-BIB0021|cit21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2017","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2016-218981","article-title":"Severe vincristine-induced polyneuropathy in a teenager with anaplastic medulloblastoma and undiagnosed Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease","volume":"2017","author":"Aghajan","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMJ Case Reports"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013695.pub2-BIB0022|cit22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2356","DOI":"10.4103\/ijo.IJO_721_20","article-title":"Modern treatment of retinoblastoma: a 2020 review","volume":"68","author":"Ancona-Lezama","year":"2020","journal-title":"Indian Journal of Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013695.pub2-BIB0023|cit23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.20793","article-title":"Trilateral retinoblastoma","volume":"48","author":"Antoneli","year":"2007","journal-title":"Pediatric Blood & Cancer"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013695.pub2-BIB0024|cit24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1817","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2017.05.034","article-title":"Not all seeds are created equal: seed classification is predictive of outcomes in retinoblastoma","volume":"124","author":"Berry","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013695.pub2-BIB0025|cit25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1747.2003.12175.x","article-title":"Molecular mechanisms of chemotherapy-induced hair loss","volume":"8","author":"Botchkarev","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of Investigative Dermatology Symposium Proceedings"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013695.pub2-BIB0026|cit26","first-page":"106","article-title":"Systemic treatment-induced gastrointestinal toxicity: incidence, clinical presentation and management","volume":"25","author":"Boussios","year":"2012","journal-title":"Annals of Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013695.pub2-BIB0027|cit27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2008.138750","article-title":"Incidence of retinoblastoma in the USA: 1975-2004","volume":"93","author":"Broaddus","year":"2009","journal-title":"British Journal of Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"Suppl 4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013695.pub2-BIB0028|cit28","first-page":"S34","article-title":"Ototoxicity monitoring in children treated with platinum chemotherapy","volume":"57","author":"Brooks","year":"2018","journal-title":"International Journal of Audiology"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013695.pub2-BIB0029|cit29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.20606","article-title":"A proposal for an international retinoblastoma staging system","volume":"47","author":"Chantada","year":"2006","journal-title":"Pediatric Blood and Cancer"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013695.pub2-BIB0030|cit30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"486","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-018-4406-6","article-title":"Comparison between intravenous chemotherapy and intra-arterial chemotherapy for retinoblastoma: a meta-analysis","volume":"18","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013695.pub2-BIB0031|cit31","unstructured":"Covidence Veritas Health Innovation"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013695.pub2-BIB0032|cit32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"963780","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2022.963780","article-title":"Retinoblastoma: review and new insights","volume":"12","author":"Cruz-Galvez","year":"2022","journal-title":"Frontiers in Oncology"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013695.pub2-BIB0033|cit33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1803","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2018.05.013","article-title":"Ophthalmic vascular events after primary unilateral intra-arterial chemotherapy for retinoblastoma in early and recent eras","volume":"125","author":"Dalvin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013695.pub2-BIB0034|cit34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1159\/000491580","article-title":"Primary intra-arterial chemotherapy for retinoblastoma in the intravitreal chemotherapy era: five years of experience","volume":"5","author":"Dalvin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ocular Oncology and Pathology"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013695.pub2-BIB0035|cit35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e343","DOI":"10.1097\/MPH.0b013e3181e90031","article-title":"Successful treatment of trilateral retinoblastoma with conventional and high-dose chemotherapy plus radiotherapy: a case report","volume":"32","author":"De Ioris","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Pediatric Hematology Oncology"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013695.pub2-BIB0036|cit36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1157","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(14)70336-5","article-title":"Trilateral retinoblastoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"15","author":"Jong","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet Oncology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013695.pub2-BIB0037|cit37","unstructured":"Deeks JJ Higgins JP Altman DG editor(s) on behalf of the Cochrane Statistical Methods Group Chapter 9: Analysing data and undertaking meta-analyses. In: Higgins JP, Churchill R, Chandler J, Cumpston MS, editor(s), Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 5.2.0 (updated June 2017). The Cochrane Collaboration, 2017 Available from https:\/\/www.cochrane.org\/authors\/handbooks-and-manuals\/handbook\/archive\/v5.2.0"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013695.pub2-BIB0038|cit38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm3567","article-title":"Molecular mechanisms underlying RB protein function","volume":"14","author":"Dick","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013695.pub2-BIB0039|cit39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15021","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2015.21","article-title":"Retinoblastoma","volume":"1","author":"Dimaras","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nature Review Disease Primers"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013695.pub2-BIB0040|cit40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1136\/jmedgenet-2014-102264","article-title":"RB1 mutation spectrum in a comprehensive nationwide cohort of retinoblastoma patients","volume":"51","author":"Dommering","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Medical Genetics"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013695.pub2-BIB0041|cit41","volume-title":"German Childhood Cancer Registry - Annual Report 2019 (1980-2018)","author":"Erdmann","year":"2020"},{"issue":"101","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013695.pub2-BIB0042|cit42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.56920\/cehj.326","article-title":"Classification and staging of retinoblastoma","volume":"31","author":"Fabian","year":"2018","journal-title":"Community Eye Health"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013695.pub2-BIB0043|cit43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"858","DOI":"10.1002\/psp4.12459","article-title":"Quantifying drug-induced bone marrow toxicity using a novel haematopoiesis systems pharmacology model","volume":"8","author":"Fornari","year":"2019","journal-title":"CPT Pharmacometrics and Systems Pharmacology"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013695.pub2-BIB0044|cit44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1321","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1996.01100140521001","article-title":"Chemotherapy with focal therapy can cure intraocular retinoblastoma without radiotherapy","volume":"114","author":"Gallie","year":"1996","journal-title":"Archives of Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013695.pub2-BIB0045|cit45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6941","DOI":"10.2174\/0109298673319496240911060138","article-title":"Vincristine in cancer therapy: mechanisms, efficacy, and future perspectives","volume":"32","author":"Garg","year":"2024","journal-title":"Current Medical Chemistry"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013695.pub2-BIB0046|cit46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e44322","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0044322","article-title":"Combined, sequential intravenous and intra-arterial chemotherapy (bridge chemotherapy) for young infants with retinoblastoma","volume":"7","author":"Gobin","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLOS One"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013695.pub2-BIB0047|cit47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1378","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2007.03.074","article-title":"Secondary acute myelogenous leukemia in patients with retinoblastoma: is chemotherapy a factor?","volume":"114","author":"Gombos","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013695.pub2-BIB0048|cit48","unstructured":"GRADEpro GDT GRADE Working Group, McMaster University 2015"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013695.pub2-BIB0049|cit49","unstructured":"Higgins JP Deeks JJ Chapter 7: Selecting studies and collecting data. In: Higgins JP, Green S, editor(s). Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. Version 5.1.0 (updated March 2011). The Cochrane Collaboration, 2011 Available from https:\/\/www.cochrane.org\/authors\/handbooks-and-manuals\/handbook\/archive\/v5.1.0"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013695.pub2-BIB0050|cit50","unstructured":"Higgins JP Deeks JJ Altman DG Chapter 16: Special topics in statistics. In: Higgins JP, Green S, editor(s). Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 5.1.0 (updated March 2011). The Cochrane Collaboration, 2011 Available from https:\/\/www.cochrane.org\/authors\/handbooks-and-manuals\/handbook\/archive\/v5.1.0"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013695.pub2-BIB0051|cit51","unstructured":"Higgins JPT Thomas J Chandler J Cumpston M Li T Page MJ Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 6.4 (updated August 2023). Cochrane, 2023 Available from https:\/\/www.cochrane.org\/handbook"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013695.pub2-BIB0052|cit52","unstructured":"Higgins JPT Savovi\u0107 J Page MJ Elbers RG Sterne JAC Chapter 8: Assessing risk of bias in a randomized trial. In: Higgins JPT, Thomas J, Chandler J, Cumpston M, Li T, Page MJ, Welch VA (editors). Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 6.4 (updated August 2023). Cochrane, 2023 Available from https:\/\/www.cochrane.org\/handbook"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013695.pub2-BIB0053|cit53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.4103\/0301-4738.154369","article-title":"Retinoblastoma: achieving new standards with methods of chemotherapy","volume":"63","author":"Kaliki","year":"2015","journal-title":"Indian Journal of Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013695.pub2-BIB0054|cit54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1339","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1996.01100140539004","article-title":"Results of combined chemotherapy and radiotherapy for advanced intraocular retinoblastoma","volume":"114","author":"Kingston","year":"1996","journal-title":"Archives of Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013695.pub2-BIB0055|cit55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1129","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2008.150292","article-title":"The epidemiological challenge of the most frequent eye cancer: retinoblastoma, an issue of birth and death","volume":"93","author":"Kivel\u00e4","year":"2009","journal-title":"British Journal of Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013695.pub2-BIB0056|cit56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1721","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9394(53)90009-9","article-title":"Retinoblastoma treated with intravenous nitrogen mustard","volume":"36","author":"Kupfer","year":"1953","journal-title":"American Journal of Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013695.pub2-BIB0057|cit57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1074","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2003.035642","article-title":"A multicentre report from the Mexican Retinoblastoma Group","volume":"88","author":"Leal-Leal","year":"2004","journal-title":"British Journal Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013695.pub2-BIB0058|cit58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ohc.2004.11.003","article-title":"Intraocular retinoblastoma: the case for a new group classification","volume":"8","author":"Linn Murphree","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ophthalmology Clinics of North America"},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013695.pub2-BIB0059|cit59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2092","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2006.06.003","article-title":"Retinoblastoma incidence and survival in European children (1978-1997). Report from the Automated Childhood Cancer Information System project","volume":"42","author":"MacCarthy","year":"2006","journal-title":"European Journal of Cancer"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013695.pub2-BIB0060|cit60","unstructured":"The 8th Edition of the AJCC Staging for Retinoblastoma https:\/\/wechope.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/TNM-Staging-Comparison-Chart.pdf 2019"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013695.pub2-BIB0061|cit61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/0749-2081(92)90027-z","article-title":"Chemotherapy-induced myelosuppression","volume":"8","author":"Maxwell","year":"1992","journal-title":"Seminars in Oncology Nursing"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013695.pub2-BIB0062|cit62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1006","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2009.06.005","article-title":"Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement","volume":"62","author":"Moher","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Epidemiology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013695.pub2-BIB0063|cit63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.17179\/excli2015-561","article-title":"Molecular mechanisms of etoposide","volume":"14","author":"Montecucco","year":"2015","journal-title":"EXCLI Journal"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013695.pub2-BIB0064|cit64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1078","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2011-301450","article-title":"Intravitreal chemotherapy for vitreous disease in retinoblastoma revisited: from prohibition to conditional indications","volume":"96","author":"Munier","year":"2012","journal-title":"British Journal of Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013695.pub2-BIB0065|cit65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1159\/000453617","article-title":"Intracameral chemotherapy (melphalan) for aqueous seeding in retinoblastoma: bicameral injection technique and related toxicity in a pilot case study","volume":"3","author":"Munier","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ocular Oncology and Pathology"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013695.pub2-BIB0066|cit66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1348","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1996.01100140548005","article-title":"Chemotherapy plus local treatment in the management of intraocular retinoblastoma","volume":"114","author":"Murphree","year":"1996","journal-title":"Archives of Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013695.pub2-BIB0067|cit67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2011-300739","article-title":"The incidence and distribution of retinoblastoma in Kenya","volume":"96","author":"Nyamori","year":"2012","journal-title":"British Journal of Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013695.pub2-BIB0068|cit68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2815","DOI":"10.1002\/(sici)1097-0258(19981230)17:24<2815::aid-sim110>3.0.co;2-8","article-title":"Extracting summary statistics to perform meta-analyses of the published literature for survival endpoints","volume":"17","author":"Parmar","year":"1998","journal-title":"Statistics in Medicine"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013695.pub2-BIB0069|cit69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.21786","article-title":"Vincristine induced peripheral neuropathy potentiated by voriconazole in a patient with previously undiagnosed CMT1X","volume":"52","author":"Porter","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pediatric Blood and Cancer"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013695.pub2-BIB0070|cit70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1955.00930010507007","article-title":"Treatment of retinoblastoma by radiation and triethylenemelamine","volume":"53","author":"Reese","year":"1954","journal-title":"A.M.A. Archives of Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013695.pub2-BIB0071|cit71","first-page":"164","article-title":"The evaluation and current concept of retinoblastoma therapy","volume":"67","author":"Reese","year":"1963","journal-title":"Transactions - American Academy of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology."},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013695.pub2-BIB0072|cit72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Reeves BC Deeks JJ Higgins JP Shea B Tugwell P Wells GA Chapter 24: Including non-randomized studies on intervention effects. In: Higgins JP, Thomas J, Chandler J, Cumpston M, Li T, Page MJ, et al, editor(s). Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 6.0 (updated July 2019). Cochrane, 2019 Available from cochrane.org\/handbook","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119536604.ch24"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013695.pub2-BIB0073|cit73","unstructured":"Review Manager (RevMan) The Cochrane Collaboration 2024"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013695.pub2-BIB0074|cit74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"822330","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2022.822330","article-title":"Treatment of retinoblastoma: what is the latest and what is the future","volume":"12","author":"Schaiquevich","year":"2022","journal-title":"Frontiers of Oncology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013695.pub2-BIB0075|cit75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.20123","article-title":"Vincristine neuropathy: neurophysiological and genetic studies in a case of Wilms tumor","volume":"43","author":"Schiavetti","year":"2004","journal-title":"Pediatric Blood and Cancer"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013695.pub2-BIB0076|cit76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2016.01.032","article-title":"GRADE Guidelines: 16. GRADE evidence to decision frameworks for tests in clinical practice and public health","volume":"76","author":"Sch\u00fcnemann","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Epidemiology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013695.pub2-BIB0077|cit77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sch\u00fcnemann HJ Higgins JP Vist GE Glasziou P Akl EA Skoetz N Chapter 14: Completing \u2018Summary of findings\u2019 tables and grading the certainty of the evidence. In: Higgins JP, Thomas J, Chandler J, Cumpston M, Li T, Page MJ, et al, editor(s). Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 6.0 (updated July 2019). Cochrane, 2019 Available from cochrane.org\/handbook","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119536604.ch14"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013695.pub2-BIB0078|cit78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1330","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1996.01100140530002","article-title":"Chemoreduction in the initial management of intraocular retinoblastoma","volume":"114","author":"Shields","year":"1996","journal-title":"Archives of Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013695.pub2-BIB0079|cit79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2276","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2006.06.018","article-title":"The International Classification of Retinoblastoma predicts chemoreduction success","volume":"113","author":"Shields","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013695.pub2-BIB0080|cit80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1097\/ICU.0000000000000091","article-title":"Targeted retinoblastoma management: when to use intravenous, intra-arterial, periocular, and intravitreal chemotherapy","volume":"25","author":"Shields","year":"2014","journal-title":"Current Opinion in Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013695.pub2-BIB0081|cit81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"bjophthalmol","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2019-315572","article-title":"Long-term (20-year) real-world outcomes of intravenous chemotherapy (chemoreduction) for retinoblastoma in 964 eyes of 554 patients at a single centre","volume":"104","author":"Shields","year":"2020","journal-title":"British Journal of Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013695.pub2-BIB0082|cit82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1590\/S1984-82502014000400004","article-title":"Carboplatin: molecular mechanisms of action associated with chemoresistance","volume":"50","year":"2014","journal-title":"Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013695.pub2-BIB0083|cit83","unstructured":"Sterne JA Egger M Moher D Chapter 10: Addressing reporting biases. In: Higgins JP, Green S, editor(s). Cochrane Handbook of Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 5.1.0 (updated March 2011). The Cochrane Collaboration, 2011 Available from https:\/\/www.cochrane.org\/authors\/handbooks-and-manuals\/handbook\/archive\/v5.1.0"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013695.pub2-BIB0084|cit84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"i4919","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.i4919","article-title":"ROBINS-I: a tool for assessing risk of bias in non-randomised studies of interventions","volume":"355","author":"Sterne","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013695.pub2-BIB0085|cit85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"l4898","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.l4898","article-title":"RoB 2: a revised tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials","volume":"366","author":"Sterne","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013695.pub2-BIB0086|cit86","first-page":"2069","article-title":"Effects of etoposide in a transgenic murine model of retinoblastoma","volume":"51","author":"Stewart","year":"2010","journal-title":"Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013695.pub2-BIB0087|cit87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2081","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2011.03.013","article-title":"Selective ophthalmic arterial injection therapy for intraocular retinoblastoma: the long-term prognosis","volume":"118","author":"Suzuki","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013695.pub2-BIB0088|cit88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1186\/1745-6215-8-16","article-title":"Practical methods for incorporating summary time-to-event data into meta-analysis","volume":"8","author":"Tierney","year":"2007","journal-title":"Trials"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013695.pub2-BIB0089|cit89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1719","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2020.05.050","article-title":"A multicenter, international collaborative study for American Joint Committee on Cancer Staging of Retinoblastoma: Part I: Metastasis-associated mortality","volume":"127","author":"Tomar","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013695.pub2-BIB0090|cit90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.23278","article-title":"Second malignant neoplasms following chemoreduction with carboplatin, etoposide, and vincristine in 245 patients with intraocular retinoblastoma","volume":"59","author":"Turaka","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pediatric Blood and Cancer"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013695.pub2-BIB0091|cit91","unstructured":"US Department of Health and Human Services Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) version 5.0 ctep.cancer.gov\/protocolDevelopment\/electronic_applications\/ctc.htm"},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013695.pub2-BIB0092|cit92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1262","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.278.15.1262","article-title":"Cancer incidence after retinoblastoma. Radiation dose and sarcoma risk","volume":"278","author":"Wong","year":"1997","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013695.pub2-BIB0093|cit93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1007\/s10147-004-0392-6","article-title":"The technique of ophthalmic arterial infusion therapy for patients with intraocular retinoblastoma","volume":"9","author":"Yamane","year":"2004","journal-title":"International Journal of Clinical Oncology"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013695.pub2-BIB0094|cit94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.3390\/biology10090849","article-title":"Vincristine in combination therapy of cancer: emerging trends in clinics","volume":"10","author":"\u0160kubn\u00edk","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biology (Basel)"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013695.pub2-BIB0095|cit95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013695","article-title":"Intravenous chemotherapy versus intra-arterial chemotherapy for retinoblastoma","author":"Rokohl","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"}],"container-title":["Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T00:09:33Z","timestamp":1792368573000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/14651858.CD013695.pub2"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"name":"Cochrane Central Editorial Service","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]]},"references-count":95,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/14651858.cd013695.pub2","relation":{},"ISSN":["1465-1858"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1465-1858","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]]}}}