{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T14:25:03Z","timestamp":1791210303229,"version":"4.1.0"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.cd014963","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,17]],"date-time":"2022-11-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1668643200000}}],"reference-count":242,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":["wiley.com","cochranelibrary.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.cd014963.pub2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,17]],"date-time":"2022-11-17T06:29:38Z","timestamp":1668666578000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Systemic corticosteroids for the treatment of COVID-19: Equity-related analyses and update on evidence"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"2022","author":[{"given":"Carina","family":"Wagner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cochrane Haematology, Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf; Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne; Cologne Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mirko","family":"Griesel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care; University of Leipzig Medical Center; Leipzig Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Agata","family":"Mikolajewska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine; Charit\u00e9 - Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin and Humboldt-Universit\u00e4t zu Berlin; Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria-Inti","family":"Metzendorf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cochrane Metabolic and Endocrine Disorders Group; Institute of General Practice, Medical Faculty of the Heinrich-Heine-University D\u00fcsseldorf; D\u00fcsseldorf Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna-Lena","family":"Fischer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care; University of Leipzig Medical Center; Leipzig Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miriam","family":"Stegemann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine; Charit\u00e9 - Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin and Humboldt-Universit\u00e4t zu Berlin; Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manuel","family":"Spagl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care; University of Leipzig Medical Center; Leipzig Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Avinash Anil","family":"Nair","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine; Christian Medical College; Vellore India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jefferson","family":"Daniel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonary Medicine; Christian Medical College; Vellore India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Falk","family":"Fichtner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care; University of Leipzig Medical Center; Leipzig Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicole","family":"Skoetz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cochrane Haematology, Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf; Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne; Cologne Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,17]]},"reference":[{"issue":"7","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0001|cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"879","DOI":"10.1513\/AnnalsATS.202003-192SD","article-title":"The randomised embedded multifactorial adaptive platform for community-acquired pneumonia (REMAP-CAP) study: rationale and design","volume":"17","author":"Angus","year":"2020","journal-title":"Annals of the American Thoracic Society"},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0002|cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1317","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.17022","article-title":"Effect of hydrocortisone on mortality and organ support in patients with severe COVID-19: the REMAP-CAP COVID-19 corticosteroid domain randomised clinical trial","volume":"324","author":"Angus","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"7-8","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0003|cit3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1007\/s00508-020-01805-8","article-title":"Methylprednisolone in adults hospitalised with COVID-19 pneumonia: an open-label randomised trial (GLUCOCOVID)","volume":"133","author":"Corral-Gudino","year":"2021","journal-title":"Wiener Klinische Wochenschrift"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0004|cit4","unstructured":"Corral L Bahamonde A Arnaiz delas Revillas F Gomez-Barquero J Abadia-Otero J Garcia-Ibarbia C GLUCOCOVID: a controlled trial of methylprednisolone in adults hospitalised with COVID-19 pneumonia medRxiv [Preprint] 10.1101\/2020.06.17.20133579"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0005|cit5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dequin PF Gouge AL Tavernier E Giraudeau B Zohar S Embedding a COVID-19 group sequential clinical trial within an ongoing trial: lessons from an unusual experience Statistics in Biopharmaceutical Research 2020 1 5 https:\/\/www.embase.com\/search\/results?subaction=viewrecord&id=L2005906375&from=export","DOI":"10.1080\/19466315.2020.1800509"},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0006|cit6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1298","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.16761","article-title":"Effect of hydrocortisone on 21-day mortality or respiratory support among critically ill patients with COVID-19: a randomised clinical trial","volume":"324","author":"Dequin","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0007|cit7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.02808-2020","article-title":"Intravenous methylprednisolone pulse as a treatment for hospitalised severe COVID-19 patients: results from a randomised controlled clinical trial","volume":"56","author":"Edalatifard","year":"2020","journal-title":"European Respiratory Journal"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0008|cit8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-66909\/v1","article-title":"Evaluation of the efficacy of methylprednisolone pulse therapy in treatment of COVID-19 adult patients with severe respiratory failure: randomised, clinical trial","volume":"Version 1","author":"Farahani","year":"2021","journal-title":"Research Square"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0009|cit9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Horby P Lim WS Emberson J Mafham M Bell J Linsell L Effect of dexamethasone in hospitalised patients with COVID-19: preliminary report medRxiv [Preprint] 2020 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2020.06.22.20137273","DOI":"10.1101\/2020.06.22.20137273"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0010|cit10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2021436","article-title":"Dexamethasone in hospitalised patients with COVID-19","volume":"384","author":"Horby","year":"2021","journal-title":"New England Journal of Medicine"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0011|cit11","unstructured":"Oxford University Low-cost dexamethasone reduces death by up to one third in hospitalised patients with severe respiratory complications of COVID-19 University of Oxford 2020"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0012|cit12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173947","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.173947","article-title":"No clinical benefit of high dose corticosteroid administration in patients with COVID-19: a preliminary report of a randomised clinical trial","volume":"897","author":"Jamaati","year":"2021","journal-title":"European Journal of Pharmacology"},{"issue":"758405","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0013|cit13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2021.758405","article-title":"Short-course of methylprednisolone improves respiratory functional parameters after 120 days in hospitalised COVID-19 patients (Metcovid Trial): a randomised clinical trial","volume":"8","author":"Barros","year":"2021","journal-title":"Frontiers in Medicine"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0014|cit14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e373-e81","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa1177","article-title":"Methylprednisolone as adjunctive therapy for patients hospitalised with COVID-19 (metcovid): a randomised, double-blind, phase IIb, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"72","author":"Jeronimo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clinical Infectious Diseases"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0015|cit15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1101\/2021.09.15.21263597","article-title":"High- versus low-dose dexamethasone for the treatment of COVID-19-related acute respiratory distress syndrome: a multicenter and randomised open-label clinical trial","volume":"Version 1","author":"Maskin","year":"2021","journal-title":"medRxiv"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0016|cit16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1177\/08850666211066799","article-title":"High- versus low-dose dexamethasone for the treatment of COVID-19-related acute respiratory distress syndrome: a multicenter, randomised open-label clinical trial","volume":"Version 1","author":"Maskin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Intensive Care Medicine"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0017|cit17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1186\/s13063-020-04646-y","article-title":"High dose dexamethasone treatment for acute respiratory distress syndrome secondary to COVID-19: a structured summary of a study protocol for a randomised controlled trial","volume":"21","author":"Maskin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Trials"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0018|cit18","unstructured":"Dexamethasone for COVID-19 related ARDS: a multicenter, randomised clinical trial clinicaltrials.gov\/show\/NCT04395105"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0019|cit19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1421","DOI":"10.1111\/aas.13941","article-title":"Low-dose hydrocortisone in patients with COVID-19 and severe hypoxia: the COVID STEROID randomised, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"65","author":"Munch","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0020|cit20","unstructured":"Hydrocortisone for COVID-19 and severe hypoxia clinicaltrials.gov\/show\/NCT04348305"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0021|cit21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1365","DOI":"10.1111\/aas.13673","article-title":"Low-dose hydrocortisone in patients with COVID-19 and severe hypoxia (COVID STEROID) trial-protocol and statistical analysis plan","volume":"64","author":"Petersen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0022|cit22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-021-06573-1","article-title":"Dexamethasone 12 mg versus 6 mg for patients with COVID-19 and severe hypoxaemia: a pre-planned, secondary Bayesian analysis of the COVID STEROID 2 trial","volume":"48","author":"Granholm","year":"2022","journal-title":"Intensive Care Medicine"},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0023|cit23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1807-17","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2021.18295","article-title":"Effect of 12 mg vs 6 mg of dexamethasone on the number of days alive without life support in adults with COVID-19 and severe hypoxemia The COVID STEROID 2 randomised trial","volume":"326","author":"The COVID STEROID 2 trial group","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0024|cit24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ranjbar K Shahriarirad R Erfani A Khodamoradi Z Saadi MHG Methylprednisolone or dexamethasone, which one is the superior corticosteroid in the treatment of hospitalised COVID-19 patients: a triple-blinded randomised controlled trial Research Square (Preprint) https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21203\/rs.3.rs-148529\/v1","DOI":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-148529\/v1"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0025|cit25","unstructured":"Low or high dose of dexamethasone in patients with respiratory failure by COVID-19 clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/record\/NCT04726098"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0026|cit26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.02518-2021","article-title":"Effect of high versus low dose of dexamethasone on clinical worsening in patients hospitalised with moderate or severe COVID-19 pneumonia: an open-label, randomised clinical trial","volume":"59","author":"Taboada","year":"2021","journal-title":"European Respiratory Journal"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0027|cit27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1159\/000512063","article-title":"Early use of corticosteroid may prolong SARS-CoV-2 shedding in non-intensive care unit patients with COVID-19 pneumonia: a multicenter, single-blind, randomised control trial","volume":"100","author":"Tang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Respiration"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0028|cit28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tomazini BM Maia IS Bueno FR Silva Mvao Baldassare FP Costa EL Moura RA COVID-19-associated ARDS treated with DEXamethasone (CoDEX): study design and rationale for a randomised trial medRxiv [Preprint] 2020 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2020.06.24.20139303","DOI":"10.5935\/0103-507X.20200063"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0029|cit29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.5935\/0103-507X.20200063","article-title":"COVID-19-associated ARDS treated with dexamethasone (CoDEX): study design and rationale for a randomised trial","volume":"32","author":"Tomazini","year":"2020","journal-title":"Revista Brasileira de Terapia Intensiva"},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0030|cit30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1307","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.17021","article-title":"Effect of dexamethasone on days alive and ventilator-free in patients with moderate or severe acute respiratory distress syndrome and COVID-19: the CoDEX randomised clinical trial","volume":"324","author":"Tomazini","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0031|cit31","unstructured":"Corticosteroids in COVID-19 irct.ir\/trial\/51163"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0032|cit32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s43440-021-00341-0","article-title":"Comparing efficacy and safety of different doses of dexamethasone in the treatment of COVID-19: a three-arm randomized clinical trial","volume":"Version 1","author":"Toroghi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pharmacological Reports"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0033|cit33","unstructured":"Clinical trial to evaluate methylprednisolone pulses and tacrolimus in hospitalized patients with severe pneumonia secondary to COVID-19 (tacrovid) www.clinicaltrialsregister.eu\/ctr-search\/search?query=eudract_number:2020-001445-39"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0034|cit34","unstructured":"TACTIC-COVID www.clinicaltrialsregister.eu\/ctr-search\/search?query=2020-001616-18"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0035|cit35","unstructured":"Treatment with inhaled corticoids in patients with COVID-19 and pneumonia www.who.int\/trialsearch\/Trial2.aspx?TrialID=EUCTR2020-001616-18-ES"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0036|cit36","unstructured":"Use of inhaled corticosteroids as treatment of early COVID-19 infection to prevent clinical deterioration and hospitalisation www.clinicaltrialsregister.eu\/ctr-search\/trial\/2020-001889-10\/GB"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0037|cit37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1186\/s13063-020-04499-5","article-title":"Letter to the editor: efficacy of different methods of combination regimen administrations including dexamethasone, intravenous immunoglobulin, and interferon-beta to treat critically ill COVID-19 patients: a structured summary of a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial","volume":"21","year":"2020","journal-title":"Trials"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0038|cit38","unstructured":"The effect of selenium, vitamin C and methylprednisolone combination on mortality and morbidity of COVID-19 patients en.irct.ir\/trial\/49508"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0039|cit39","unstructured":"Effect of corton on olfactory dysfunction in COVID-19 patients en.irct.ir\/trial\/48379"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0040|cit40","unstructured":"PRINCIPLE: a trial evaluating treatments for suspected COVID-19 in people aged 50 years and above with pre-existing conditions and those aged 65 years and above www.isrctn.com\/ISRCTN86534580"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0041|cit41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3255","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.709861","article-title":"Nasal administration of anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody (foralumab) reduces lung inflammation and blood inflammatory biomarkers in mild to moderate COVID-19 patients: a pilot study","volume":"12","author":"Moreira","year":"2021","journal-title":"Frontiers in Immunology"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0042|cit42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e20353","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.20353","article-title":"High-dose dexamethasone versus tocilizumab in moderate to severe COVID-19 pneumonia: a randomised controlled trial","volume":"13","author":"Naik","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0043|cit43","unstructured":"Clinical trial to evaluate methylprednisolone pulses and tacrolimus in patients with COVID-19 lung injury clinicaltrials.gov\/show\/NCT04341038"},{"issue":"100716","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0044|cit44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conctc.2021.100716","article-title":"Pragmatic, open-label, single-center, randomized, phase II clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of methylprednisolone pulses and tacrolimus in patients with severe pneumonia secondary to COVID-19: the TACROVID trial protocol","volume":"21","year":"2021","journal-title":"medRxiv [Preprint]"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0045|cit45","unstructured":"Inhaled corticosteroid treatment of COVID-19 patients with pneumonia clinicaltrials.gov\/show\/NCT04355637"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0046|cit46","unstructured":"Efficacy and safety of corticosteroids in oxygen-dependent patients with COVID-19 pneumonia clinicaltrials.gov\/show\/NCT04359511"},{"issue":"666","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0047|cit47","first-page":"1","article-title":"Efficacy of local budesonide therapy in the management of persistent hyposmia in COVID-19 patients without signs of severity: a structured summary of a study protocol for a randomised controlled trial","volume":"21","author":"Daval","year":"2020","journal-title":"Trials"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0048|cit48","unstructured":"Trial evaluating the efficacy of local budesonide therapy in the management of hyposmia in COVID-19 patients without signs of severity clinicaltrials.gov\/show\/NCT04361474"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0049|cit49","unstructured":"Inhalation of ciclesonide for patients with COVID-19: a randomised open treatment study (HALT COVID-19) clinicaltrials.gov\/show\/NCT04381364"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0050|cit50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0280","DOI":"10.1097\/CCE.0000000000000280","article-title":"Intravenous immunoglobulin plus methylprednisolone mitigate respiratory morbidity in coronavirus disease 2019","volume":"2","author":"Sakoulas","year":"2020","journal-title":"Critical Care Explorations"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0051|cit51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ramakrishnan S Langford B Mahdi M Jeffers H Mwasuku C Inhaled budesonide in the treatment of early COVID-19 illness: a randomised controlled trial medRxiv [Preprint] https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2021.02.04.21251134","DOI":"10.1101\/2021.02.04.21251134"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0052|cit52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Riffat M Fridoon A Ahad Q Muhammad AR Syed AG Muhammad AT Aprepitant as a combinant with dexamethasone reduces the inflammation via neurokinin 1 receptor antagonism in severe to critical COVID-19 patients and potentiates respiratory recovery: a novel therapeutic approach medRxiv [Preprint] https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2020.08.01.20166678","DOI":"10.1101\/2020.08.01.20166678"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0053|cit53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjoto.2020.102884","article-title":"Corticosteroid nasal spray for recovery of smell sensation in COVID-19 patients: a randomised controlled trial","volume":"42","author":"Abdelalim","year":"2021","journal-title":"American Journal of Otolaryngology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0054|cit54","unstructured":"Efficacy assessment of methylprednisolone and heparin in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia clinicaltrials.gov\/show\/NCT04485429"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0055|cit55","unstructured":"Oral prednisone regimens to optimise the therapeutic strategy in patients with organising pneumonia post-COVID-19 clinicaltrials.gov\/show\/NCT04534478"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0056|cit56","unstructured":"Short term low dose corticosteroids for management of post COVID19 pulmonary fibrosis clinicaltrials.gov\/show\/NCT04551781"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0057|cit57","unstructured":"Study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of EG-HPCP-03a compared to DEX in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia clinicaltrials.gov\/show\/NCT04561180"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0058|cit58","unstructured":"Effect of nasal steroid in the treatment of anosmia due to COVID-19 disease clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT04569825"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0059|cit59","unstructured":"Adaptive COVID-19 treatment trial 4 (ACTT-4) clinicaltrials.gov\/show\/NCT04640168"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0060|cit60","unstructured":"Comparison of two corticosteroid regimens for post-COVID diffuse lung disease clinicaltrials.gov\/show\/NCT04657484"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0061|cit61","unstructured":"Spironolactone and dexamethasone in patients hospitalised with COVID-19 (SPIDEX-II) clinicaltrials.gov\/show\/NCT04826822"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0062|cit62","unstructured":"High-dose corticosteroid or tocilizumab for clinical worsening of COVID-19 https:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/show\/NCT05133635"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0063|cit63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-021-03873-2","article-title":"Early, biomarker-guided steroid dosing in COVID-19 pneumonia: a pilot randomised controlled trial","volume":"26","author":"Odeyemi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Critical Care"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0064|cit64","unstructured":"Efficacy and safety of corticoids in patients with adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) secondary to coronavirus infection www.clinicaltrialsregister.eu\/ctr-search\/search?query=eudract_number:2020-001307-16"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0065|cit65","unstructured":"Dexamethasone associated with hydroxychloroquine vs. hydroxychloroquine alone for the early treatment of severe ARDS caused by COVID-19: a randomised controlled trial www.clinicaltrialsregister.eu\/ctr-search\/search?query=eudract_number:2020-001333-13"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0066|cit66","unstructured":"Corticoids in COVID-19 viral pneumonia in infection with SARS-CoV-2 (translation by the review authors) www.clinicaltrialsregister.eu\/ctr-search\/search?query=eudract_number:2020-001553-48"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0067|cit67","unstructured":"Efficacy of the early use of corticotherapy in CoV-2 infection to prevent the progression of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) www.clinicaltrialsregister.eu\/ctr-search\/search?query=eudract_number:2020-002186-34"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0068|cit68","unstructured":"Evaluation of the efficacy of high doses of methylprednisolone in SARS-CoV2 pneumonia patients www.clinicaltrialsregister.eu\/ctr-search\/trial\/2020-004323-16\/IT"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0069|cit69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.3126\/ajms.v12i12.39294","article-title":"A comparative study of the efficacy and outcome of methylprednisolone and dexamethasone in moderate to severe COVID-19 disease","volume":"12","author":"Gautam","year":"2021","journal-title":"Asian Journal of Medical Sciences"},{"issue":"245","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0070|cit70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12931-021-01833-6","article-title":"The efficacy of corticosteroids therapy in patients with moderate to severe SARS-CoV-2 infection: a multicenter, randomized, open-label trial","volume":"22","author":"Ghanei","year":"2021","journal-title":"Respiratory Research"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0071|cit71","unstructured":"Effect of prednisolone on treatment of COVID-19 irct.ir\/trial\/46975"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0072|cit72","unstructured":"Evaluating the effect of intravenous hydrocortisone, methylprednisolone, and dexamethasone in treatment of patients with moderate to severe acute respiratory distress syndrome caused by COVID-19 irct.ir\/trial\/48043"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0073|cit73","unstructured":"The effect of dexamethasone in the treatment of high-risk COVID-19 patients irct.ir\/trial\/48310"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0074|cit74","unstructured":"Evaluation of efficacy and safety of low dose corticosteroid with severe pneumonia COVID-19 irct.ir\/trial\/49116"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0075|cit75","unstructured":"Effect of dexamethasone on treatment of COVID-19 www.irct.ir\/trial\/51736"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0076|cit76","unstructured":"Comparing two medications (dexamethasone and methylprednisolone high dose) for the treatment of pneumonia in patients with COVID-19 www.isrctn.com\/ISRCTN33037282"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0077|cit77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"A1117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2021.07.1027","article-title":"High-dose vs low-dose dexamethasone in patients with COVID-19 in a tertiary hospital in Western Honduras","volume":"160","author":"Montalvan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0078|cit78","unstructured":"Glucocorticoid therapy for novel coronavirus critically ill patients with severe acute respiratory failure www.clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT04244591"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0079|cit79","unstructured":"Efficacy of dexamethasone treatment for patients with ARDS caused by COVID-19 clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT04325061"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0080|cit80","unstructured":"Dexamethasone treatment for severe acute respiratory distress syndrome clinicaltrials.gov\/show\/NCT04347980"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0081|cit81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1186\/s13063-020-04999-4","article-title":"Treatment of COVID-19 pneumonia with glucocorticoids (CORTIVID): a structured summary of a study protocol for a randomised controlled trial","volume":"22","author":"Les Bujanda","year":"2021","journal-title":"Trials"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0082|cit82","unstructured":"Glucocorticoids in COVID-19 (CORTIVID) clinicaltrials.gov\/show\/NCT04438980"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0083|cit83","unstructured":"Early use of corticosteroids in hospitalised patients with moderate COVID19 pneumonia clinicaltrials.gov\/show\/NCT04451174"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0084|cit84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1186\/s13063-021-05046-6.","article-title":"Early use of corticosteroids in non-critical patients with COVID-19 pneumonia (PREDCOVID): a structured summary of a study protocol for a randomised controlled trial","volume":"22","author":"Salinas","year":"2021","journal-title":"Trials"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0085|cit85","unstructured":"Timing of corticosteroids in COVID-19 clinicaltrials.gov\/show\/NCT04530409"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0086|cit86","unstructured":"COVID-19 primary care platform for early treatment and recovery (COPPER) study clinicaltrials.gov\/show\/NCT04746430"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0087|cit87","unstructured":"Tocilizumab versus dexamethasone in severe COVID19 cases clinicaltrials.gov\/show\/NCT04519385"},{"issue":"8816","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0088|cit88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-88086-x","article-title":"Short term survival of critically ill COVID-19 Egyptian patients on assisted ventilation treated by either dexamethasone or tocilizumab","volume":"11","author":"Rashad","year":"2021","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"},{"issue":"60","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0089|cit89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.21518\/2079-701X-2021-12-162-172","article-title":"The role and place of glucocorticosteroids in treatment of COVID-19 pneumonia without hypoxemia","volume":"16","author":"Salukhov","year":"2021","journal-title":"Meditsinskiy Sovet = Medical Council"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0090|cit90","unstructured":"A randomised controlled trial of dexamethasone for emergency and life-threatening admissions due to COVID-19 in virtual care: the DELTA study http:\/\/www.who.int\/trialsearch\/Trial2.aspx?TrialID=ACTRN12621001200875"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0091|cit91","unstructured":"The effect of prednisolone vs dexamethasone on Covid-19 in pregnancy: an open labelled randomised control trial https:\/\/trialsearch.who.int\/Trial2.aspx?TrialID=ACTRN12621001603808"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0092|cit92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Qin YY Zhou YH Lu YQ Sun F Yang S Harypursat V Effectiveness of glucocorticoid therapy in patients with severe novel coronavirus pneumonia: protocol of a randomised controlled trial Chinese Medical Journal 2020 133 9 1080 6 10.1097\/CM9.0000000000000791","DOI":"10.1097\/CM9.0000000000000791"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0093|cit93","unstructured":"A randomised, open-label study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of low-dose corticosteroids in hospitalised patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) www.chictr.org.cn\/showprojen.aspx?proj=49086"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0094|cit94","unstructured":"The clinical value of corticosteroid therapy timing in the treatment of novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19): a prospective randomised controlled trial www.chictr.org.cn\/showprojen.aspx?proj=50453"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0095|cit95","unstructured":"A clinical trial to study the effects of two drugs methylprednisolone and dexamethasone in patients with severe COVID-19 www.ctri.nic.in\/Clinicaltrials\/pmaindet2.php?trialid=45638"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0096|cit96","unstructured":"Comparing the effectiveness of dexamethasone versus methylprednisolone in patients with moderate COVID 19 - a randomised controlled trial ctri.nic.in\/Clinicaltrials\/showallp.php?mid1=49273&EncHid=&userName=029894"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0097|cit97","unstructured":"A study to compare the effectiveness of two drugs, dexamethasone versus methylprednisolone in the treatment of moderate Covid 19 patients www.who.int\/trialsearch\/Trial2.aspx?TrialID=CTRI\/2020\/12\/029894"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0098|cit98","unstructured":"Comparison of different steroid regimes in critically ill adult patients of COVID-19 www.who.int\/trialsearch\/Trial2.aspx?TrialID=CTRI\/2020\/12\/030143"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0099|cit99","unstructured":"Evaluation of different steroid regimes in critically ill adult patients of COVID-19 admitted to intensive care units ctri.nic.in\/Clinicaltrials\/showallp.php?mid1=50886&EncHid=&userName=30143"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0100|cit100","unstructured":"Pre-emptive steroids to alter the disease course in COVID-19 patients http:\/\/www.who.int\/trialsearch\/Trial2.aspx?TrialID=CTRI\/2021\/05\/033873"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0101|cit101","unstructured":"Assessment of doubling dose of dexamethasone in progressively worsening severe COVID-19 pneumonia - a randomised controlled trial http:\/\/www.ctri.nic.in\/Clinicaltrials\/pmaindet2.php?trialid=57048"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0102|cit102","unstructured":"Efficacy and safety of siltuximab vs. corticosteroids in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 pneumonia www.clinicaltrialsregister.eu\/ctr-search\/search?query=eudract_number:2020-001413-20"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0103|cit103","unstructured":"Dexamethasone and oxygen support strategies in ICU patients with COVID-19 pneumonia www.clinicaltrialsregister.eu\/ctr-search\/search?query=eudract_number:2020-001457-43"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0104|cit104","unstructured":"Outpatient treatment of COVID-19 with early pulmonary corticosteroids as an opportunity to modify the course of the disease www.clinicaltrialsregister.eu\/ctr-search\/search?query=eudract_number:2020-001622-64"},{"issue":"632","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0105|cit105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13063-020-04575-w","article-title":"Outpatient treatment of COVID-19 with steroids in the phase of mild pneumonia without the need for admission as an opportunity to modify the course of the disease: a structured summary of a randomised controlled trial","volume":"21","author":"Saiz-Rodr\u00edguez","year":"2020","journal-title":"Trials"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0106|cit106","unstructured":"Phase III randomised, unicentric open, controlled clinical trial to demonstrate the effectiveness of tocilizumab against systemic corticotherapy in patients entered by COVID-19 with bilateral pneumonia and bad evolution www.clinicaltrialsregister.eu\/ctr-search\/trial\/2020-001707-16\/ES"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0107|cit107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"724","DOI":"10.1186\/s13063-020-04645-z","article-title":"Multi-centre, three arm, randomised controlled trial on the use of methylprednisolone and unfractionated heparin in critically ill ventilated patients with pneumonia from SARS-CoV-2 infection: a structured summary of a study protocol for a randomised controlled trial","volume":"21","author":"Busani","year":"2020","journal-title":"Trials"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0108|cit108","unstructured":"Steroids and unfractionated heparin in critically-ill patients with pneumonia from COVID-19 infection. A multicenter, interventional, randomised, three arms study design www.clinicaltrialsregister.eu\/ctr-search\/search?query=eudract_number:2020-001921-30"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0109|cit109","unstructured":"Higher vs. lower doses of dexamethasone in patients with COVID-19 and severe oxygen deficiency: the COVID STEROID 2 trial www.clinicaltrialsregister.eu\/ctr-search\/search?query=eudract_number:2020-003363-25"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0110|cit110","unstructured":"Randomised controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy of per-protocol administration of methylprednisolone compared to dexamethasone in SARS-CoV-2 infections requiring respiratory support http:\/\/www.who.int\/trialsearch\/Trial2.aspx?TrialID=EUCTR2020-006054-43-IT"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0111|cit111","unstructured":"High-dose dexamethasone treatment for SARS-COV-2 http:\/\/www.who.int\/trialsearch\/Trial2.aspx?TrialID=EUCTR2021-001416-29-ES"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0112|cit112","unstructured":"Corticosteroids for loss of smell by COVID-19 infection - COCOS trial https:\/\/www.clinicaltrialsregister.eu\/ctr-search\/search?query=eudract_number:2021-004021-71"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0113|cit113","unstructured":"Comparison of the effectiveness and complication of dexamethasone at doses of 8 and 24 mg in the treatment of in hospitalised patients with Covid-19 http:\/\/www.who.int\/trialsearch\/Trial2.aspx?TrialID=IRCT20190606043826N2"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0114|cit114","unstructured":"Efficacy and safety of siltuximab vs. corticosteroids in hospitalised patients with COVID19 pneumonia clinicaltrials.gov\/show\/NCT04329650"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0115|cit115","unstructured":"Dexamethasone and oxygen support strategies in ICU patients with COVID-19 pneumonia clinicaltrials.gov\/show\/NCT04344730"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0116|cit116","unstructured":"Study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of tocilizumab versus corticosteroids in hospitalised COVID-19 patients with high risk of progression clinicaltrials.gov\/show\/NCT04345445"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0117|cit117","unstructured":"Tocilizumab versus methylprednisolone in the cytokine release syndrome of patients with COVID-19 clinicaltrials.gov\/show\/NCT04377503"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0118|cit118","unstructured":"NA-831, atazanavir and dexamethasone in the treatment of SARSCov-2 infection (NATADEX) clinicaltrials.gov\/show\/NCT04452565"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0119|cit119","unstructured":"Dexamethasone versus methylprednisolone for the treatment of patients with ARDS caused by COVID-19 clinicaltrials.gov\/show\/NCT04499313"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0120|cit120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/aas.13795","article-title":"Higher vs. lower doses of dexamethasone in patients with COVID-19 and severe hypoxia (COVID STEROID 2) trial: protocol and statistical analysis plan","volume":"00","author":"Munch","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0121|cit121","unstructured":"Higher vs. lower doses of dexamethasone for COVID-19 and severe hypoxia clinicaltrials.gov\/show\/NCT04509973"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0122|cit122","unstructured":"Randomised clinical trial of nasal dexamethasone as an adjuvant in patients with COVID-19 clinicaltrials.gov\/show\/NCT04513184"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0123|cit123","unstructured":"Anosmia and \/ or ageusia and early corticosteroid use clinicaltrials.gov\/show\/NCT04528329"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0124|cit124","unstructured":"Steroids and unfractionated heparin in critically ill patients with pneumonia from COVID-19 infection clinicaltrials.gov\/show\/NCT04528888 https:\/\/www.clinicaltrialsregister.eu\/ctr-search\/trial\/2020-001921-30\/IT https:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/study\/NCT04528888"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0125|cit125","unstructured":"Efficacy of dexamethasone in patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure caused by infections clinicaltrials.gov\/show\/NCT04545242"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0126|cit126","unstructured":"Methylprednisolone vs. dexamethasone in COVID-19 pneumonia (MEDEAS RCT) clinicaltrials.gov\/show\/NCT04636671"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0127|cit127","unstructured":"Effect of two different doses of dexamethasone in patients with ARDS and COVID-19 clinicaltrials.gov\/show\/NCT04663555"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0128|cit128","unstructured":"Evaluation of the efficacy of high doses of methylprednisolone in SARS-CoV2 (COVID-19) pneumonia patients clinicaltrials.gov\/show\/NCT04673162"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0129|cit129","unstructured":"Dexamethasone for COVID-19 clinicaltrials.gov\/show\/NCT04707534"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0130|cit130","unstructured":"Comparison between prednisolone and dexamethasone on mortality in patients on oxygen therapy, with COVID-19 clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT04765371"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0131|cit131","unstructured":"Glucocorticoid therapy in coronavirus disease COVID-19 patients clinicaltrials.gov\/show\/NCT04780581"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0132|cit132","unstructured":"Corticosteroids for COVID-19 clinicaltrials.gov\/show\/NCT04795583"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0133|cit133","unstructured":"Randomised open investigation determining steroid dose clinicaltrials.gov\/show\/NCT04834375"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0134|cit134","unstructured":"Dexamethasone early administration in hospitalised patients with COVID-19 pneumonia clinicaltrials.gov\/show\/NCT04836780"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0135|cit135","unstructured":"Human intravenous interferon beta-Ia safety and preliminary efficacy in hospitalised subjects with coronavirus (HIBISCUS) https:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT04860518"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0136|cit136","unstructured":"A comparative study of the effectiveness between pulse regimen methylprednisolone versus high dose dexamethasone as the initial treatment of moderate Covid-19 pneumonia: an open-label randomised controlled trial http:\/\/www.thaiclinicaltrials.org\/show\/TCTR20211017001"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0137|cit137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0009921","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0009921","article-title":"COVID-19-associated mucormycosis: evidence-based critical review of an emerging infection burden during the pandemic\u2019s second wave in India","volume":"15","author":"Aranjani","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0138|cit138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1007\/s00508-020-01793-9","article-title":"Sex and age differences in COVID-19 mortality in Europe","volume":"133","author":"Ahrenfeldt","year":"2021","journal-title":"Wiener Klinische Wochenschrift"},{"issue":"88","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0139|cit139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.12688\/wellcomeopenres.15922.2","article-title":"Black, Asian and Minority Ethnic groups in England are at increased risk of death from COVID-19: indirect standardisation of NHS mortality data","volume":"5","author":"Aldridge","year":"2020","journal-title":"Wellcome Open Research"},{"issue":"80","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0140|cit140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13098-020-00583-7","article-title":"Dexamethasone in the era of COVID-19: friend or foe? An essay on the effects of dexamethasone and the potential risks of its inadvertent use in patients with diabetes","volume":"12","author":"Alessi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Diabetology and Metabolic Syndrome"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0141|cit141","first-page":"698-703","article-title":"Quantifying the global distribution of premature mortality from non-communicable diseases","volume":"49","author":"Allen","journal-title":"Journal of Public Health"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0142|cit142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014962","article-title":"Remdesivir for the treatment of COVID-19","author":"Ansems","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0143|cit143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2567.2007.02555.x","article-title":"Immunosenescence: emerging challenges for an ageing population","volume":"120","author":"Silva","year":"2007","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0144|cit144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1018","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(20)30285-0","article-title":"Ethnic and regional variations in hospital mortality from COVID-19 in Brazil: a cross-sectional observational study","volume":"8","author":"Baqui","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Global Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0145|cit145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0706736","article-title":"How corticosteroids control inflammation: quintiles prize lecture","volume":"148","author":"Barnes","year":"2005","journal-title":"British Journal of Pharmacology"},{"issue":"758405","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0146|cit146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2021.758405","article-title":"Short-course of methylprednisolone improves respiratory functional parameters after 120 days in hospitalised COVID-19 patients (Metcovid Trial): a randomised clinical trial","volume":"8","author":"Barros","year":"2021","journal-title":"Frontiers in Medicine"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0147|cit147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2021.08.037","article-title":"Risk factors associated with the mucormycosis epidemic during the COVID-19 pandemic","volume":"111","author":"Bhanuprasad","year":"2021","journal-title":"International Journal of Infectious Diseases"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0148|cit148","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1016\/B0-12-341103-3\/00122-4","volume-title":"Encyclopedia of Hormones","author":"Bourdeau","year":"2003"},{"issue":"50","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0149|cit149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2101147","DOI":"10.2807\/1560-7917.ES.2021.26.50.2101147","article-title":"Outbreak caused by the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant in Norway, November to December 2021","volume":"26","author":"Brandal","year":"2021","journal-title":"European Surveillance"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0150|cit150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-11-144","article-title":"How to handle mortality when investigating length of hospital stay and time to clinical stability","volume":"11","author":"Brock","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMC Medical Research Methodology"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0151|cit151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1003346","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1003346","article-title":"Occurrence and transmission potential of asymptomatic and presymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections: a living systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"17","author":"Buitrago-Garcia","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLOS Medicine"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0152|cit152","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3009","DOI":"10.2337\/dc12-2197","article-title":"Comorbid diabetes and COPD: impact of corticosteroid use on diabetes complications","volume":"36","author":"Caughey","year":"2013","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0153|cit153","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521-37","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-021-06394-2","article-title":"Corticosteroids in COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 ARDS: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"47","author":"Chaudhuri","year":"2021","journal-title":"Intensive Care Medicine"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0154|cit154","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9042","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-87692-z","article-title":"Climate and the spread of COVID-19","volume":"11","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0155|cit155","unstructured":"Competing Risk Analysis Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health Website. Available from www.publichealth.columbia.edu\/research\/population-health-methods\/competing-risk-analysis https:\/\/www.publichealth.columbia.edu\/research\/population-health-methods\/competing-risk-analysis"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0156|cit156","unstructured":"Core outcome set developers\u2019 response to COVID-19 www.comet-initiative.org\/Studies\/Details\/1538"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0157|cit157","unstructured":"Deeks JJ Higgins JP Altman DG Chapter 10: Analysing data and undertaking meta-analyses. In: Higgins JP, Thomas J, Chandler J, Cumpston M, Li T, Page MJ, et al, editor(s). Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. Version 6.3 (updated February 2022). Cochrane, 2022 Available from training.cochrane.org\/handbook"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0158|cit158","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1401","DOI":"10.4239\/wjd.v12.i9.1401","article-title":"Epidemiology of type 2 diabetes in the Middle East and North Africa: challenges and call for action","volume":"12","author":"El-Kebbi","year":"2021","journal-title":"World Journal of Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0159|cit159","unstructured":"European Medicines Agency (EMA) COVID-19 treatments Available at: https:\/\/www.ema.europa.eu\/en\/human-regulatory\/overview\/public-health-threats\/coronavirus-disease-covid-19\/treatments-vaccines\/covid-19-treatments"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0160|cit160","unstructured":"Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Available at: https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/emergency-preparedness-and-response\/counterterrorism-and-emerging-threats\/coronavirus-disease-2019-covid-19"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0161|cit161","unstructured":"Ferguson N Ghani A Hinsley W Volz E Hospitalisation risk for Omicron cases in England Imperial College London 2021 www.gov.uk 1 12 10.25561\/93035"},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0162|cit162","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2100348","DOI":"10.2807\/1560-7917.ES.2021.26.16.2100348","article-title":"Characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern B.1.1.7, B.1.351 or P.1: data from seven EU\/EEA countries, weeks 38\/2020 to 10\/2021","volume":"26","author":"Funk","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eurosurveillance"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0163|cit163","unstructured":"GRADEpro GDT McMaster University (developed by Evidence Prime)"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0164|cit164","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD015125","article-title":"Inhaled corticosteroids for the treatment of COVID-19","author":"Griesel","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0165|cit165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.327.7414.557","article-title":"Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses","volume":"327","author":"Higgins","year":"2003","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0166|cit166","unstructured":"Higgins JP Savovic J Page MJ Sterne JA Revised Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials (RoB 2) www.riskofbias.info\/welcome\/rob-2-0-tool\/current-version-of-rob-2"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0167|cit167","unstructured":"Higgins JP Lasserson T Chandler J Tovey D Thomas J Flemyng E Methodological expectations of Cochrane intervention reviews www.community.cochrane.org\/mecir-manual\/"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0168|cit168","unstructured":"Higgins JP Thomas J Chandler J Cumpston M Li T Page MJ Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions version 6.3 (updated February 2022). Cochrane, 2022 Available from: training.cochrane.org\/handbook 2022"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0169|cit169","unstructured":"Higgins JP Savovic\u0301 J Page MJ Elbers RG Sterne JA Chapter 8: Assessing risk of bias in a randomized trial. In: Higgins JP, Thomas J, Chandler J, Cumpston M, Li T, Page MJ, et al, editor(s). Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 6.3 (updated February 2022). Cochrane, 2022 Available from training.cochrane.org\/handbook"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0170|cit170","unstructured":"Higgins J Eldridge S Li T Chapter 23: Including variants on randomised trials. In: Higgins JP, Thomas J, Chandler J, Cumpston M, Li T, Page MJ, et al, editor(s). Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 6.3 (updated February 202s). Cochrane, 2022 Available from training.cochrane.org\/handbook"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0171|cit171","unstructured":"Higgins JP Li T Deeks JJ Chapter 6: Choosing effect measures and computing estimates of effect. In: Higgins JP, Thomas J, Chandler J, Cumpston M, Li T, Page MJ, et al, editor(s). Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 6.3 (updated February 2022). Cochrane, 2022 Available from training.cochrane.org\/handbook"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0172|cit172","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"00237","DOI":"10.1016\/S2666-5247(21)00237-8","article-title":"The emergence of COVID-19 associated mucormycosis: a review of cases from 18 countries","volume":"21","author":"Hoenigl","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet Microbe"},{"issue":"10223","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0173|cit173","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30183-5","article-title":"Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China","volume":"395","author":"Huang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0174|cit174","unstructured":"Johns Hopkins University Mortality analyses coronavirus.jhu.edu\/data\/mortality"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0175|cit175","unstructured":"Kluge S Janssens U Welte T Weber-Carstens S Sch\u00e4lte G Spinner CD S3 Guideline - recommendations for inpatient therapy of patients with COVID-19 www.awmf.org\/uploads\/tx_szleitlinien\/113-001LGl_S3_Empfehlungen-zur-stationaeren-Therapie-von-Patienten-mit-COVID-19_2022-03.pdf"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0176|cit176","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013825","article-title":"SARS-CoV-2-neutralising monoclonal antibodies for treatment of COVID-19","author":"Kreuzberger","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0177|cit177","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577-82","DOI":"10.7326\/M20-0504","article-title":"The incubation period of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) from publicly reported confirmed cases: estimation and application","volume":"172","author":"Lauer","year":"2020","journal-title":"Annals of Internal Medicine"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0178|cit178","unstructured":"Lewnard JA Hong VX Patel MM Kahn R Lipsitch M Tartof SY Clinical outcomes among patients infected with Omicron (B.1.1.529) SARS-CoV-2 variant in southern California Preprint server MedRxiv 2022 10.1101\/2022.01.11.22269045"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0179|cit179","unstructured":"Li T Higgins JP Chapter 5: Collecting data. In: Higgins JP, Thomas J, Chandler J, Cumpston M, Li T, Page MJ, et al, editor(s). Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. Version 6.1 (updated February 2021). Cochrane, 2021 Available from training.cochrane.org\/handbook"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0180|cit180","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(20)30096-6","article-title":"Cancer patients in SARS-CoV-2 infection: a nationwide analysis in China","volume":"21","author":"Liang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Oncology"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0181|cit181","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e","DOI":"10.1097\/JOM.0000000000002274","article-title":"The correlation between COVID-19 activities and climate factors in different climate types areas","volume":"63","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0182|cit182","unstructured":"Living Evidence Network Guidance for the production and publication of Cochrane living systematic reviews: Cochrane Reviews in living mode (Version December 2019) Available from community.cochrane.org\/review-production\/production-resources\/living-systematic-reviews"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0183|cit183","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e192","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(20)30483-7","article-title":"A minimal common outcome measure set for COVID-19 clinical research","volume":"20","author":"Marshall","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Infectious Diseases"},{"issue":"10286","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0184|cit184","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1711","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)00634-6","article-title":"Ethnic differences in SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19-related hospitalisation, intensive care unit admission, and death in 17 million adults in England: an observational cohort study using the OpenSAFELY platform","volume":"397","author":"Mathur","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0185|cit185","unstructured":"Microsoft Excel Microsoft Corporation 2018"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0186|cit186","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD015045","article-title":"Colchicine for the treatment of COVID-19","author":"Mikolajewska","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0187|cit187","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1006","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2009.06.005","article-title":"Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement","volume":"62","author":"Moher","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Epidemiology"},{"issue":"10286","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0188|cit188","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1684","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)00949-1","article-title":"COVID-19 and disparities affecting ethnic minorities","volume":"397","author":"Morales","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0189|cit189","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0254809","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0254809","article-title":"The impact of race and ethnicity on outcomes in 19,584 adults hospitalised with COVID-19","volume":"16","author":"Navar","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLOS One"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0190|cit190","unstructured":"COVID-19 rapid guideline: managing COVID-19 https:\/\/www.nice.org.uk\/guidance\/ng191\/resources\/covid19-rapid-guideline-managing-covid19-pdf-51035553326"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0191|cit191","unstructured":"COVID-19 Treatment Guidelines Panel Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Treatment Guidelines. National Institutes of Health Available at https:\/\/www.covid19treatmentguidelines.nih.gov\/"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0192|cit192","unstructured":"Oke J Heneghan C Global Covid-19 case fatality rates https:\/\/www.cebm.net\/covid-19\/global-covid-19-case-fatality-rates\/"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0193|cit193","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.7326\/M20-3012","article-title":"Prevalence of Asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Infection","volume":"173","author":"Oran","year":"2020","journal-title":"Annals of Internal Medicine"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0194|cit194","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1186\/s13643-016-0384-4","article-title":"Rayyan - a web and mobile app for systematic reviews","volume":"5","author":"Ouzzani","year":"2016","journal-title":"Systematic Reviews"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0195|cit195","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2020.04.025","article-title":"An overview of platform trials with a checklist for clinical readers","volume":"125","author":"Park","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Epidemiology"},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0196|cit196","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2815","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0258(19981230)17:24<2815::AID-SIM110>3.0.CO;2-8","article-title":"Extracting summary statistics to perform meta-analyses of the published literature for survival endpoints","volume":"17","author":"Parmar","year":"1998","journal-title":"Statistics in Medicine"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0197|cit197","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2020.11.057","article-title":"Corticosteroids for patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) with different disease severity: a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials","volume":"35","author":"Pasin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0198|cit198","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013600.pub4","article-title":"Convalescent plasma or hyperimmune immunoglobulin for people with COVID-19: a living systematic review","author":"Piechotta","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0199|cit199","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.25646\/7111","article-title":"A higher mortality rate and long ventilation times differentiate COVID-19 from severe respiratory infections in flu waves","volume":"24","author":"Potere","year":"2020","journal-title":"Critical Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0200|cit200","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.3390\/jof5010026","article-title":"Global epidemiology of mucormycosis","volume":"5","author":"Prakash","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Fungi"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0201|cit201","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.4239\/wjd.v3.i6.110","article-title":"Trends in prevalence of diabetes in Asian countries","volume":"3","author":"Ramachandran","year":"2012","journal-title":"World Journal of Diabetes"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0202|cit202","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e220444","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2022.0444","article-title":"Geographical representation of low- and middle-income countries in randomized clinical trials for COVID-19","volume":"5","author":"Ramanan","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA Network Open"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0203|cit203","unstructured":"Review Manager Web (RevMan Web) The Cochrane Collaboration 2019"},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0204|cit204","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1711","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra050541","article-title":"Antiinflammatory action of glucocorticoids - new mechanisms for old drugs","volume":"353","author":"Rhen","year":"2005","journal-title":"New England Journal of Medicine"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0205|cit205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1411","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000003262","article-title":"Corticosteroids in sepsis: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"46","author":"Rochwerg","year":"2018","journal-title":"Critical Care Medicine"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0206|cit206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2019.10.014","article-title":"GRADE guidelines 26: informative statements to communicate the findings of systematic reviews of interventions","volume":"119","author":"Santesso","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Epidemiology"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0207|cit207","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1480","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000000247","article-title":"Corticosteroids and transition to delirium in patients with acute lung injury","volume":"42","author":"Schreiber","year":"2014","journal-title":"Critical Care Medicine"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0208|cit208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1419","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2020.08.001","article-title":"Severe COVID-19 is marked by a dysregulated myeloid cell compartment","volume":"182","author":"Schulte-Schrepping","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0209|cit209","unstructured":"Sch\u00fcnemann HJ Higgins JP Vist GE Glasziou P Akl EA Skoetz N Chapter 14: Completing \u2018Summary of findings\u2019 tables and grading the certainty of the evidence. In: Higgins JP, Thomas J, Chandler J, Cumpston M, Li T, Page MJ, et al editor(s). Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions version 6.2 (updated February 2021). Cochrane, 2021 Available from www.training.cochrane.org\/handbook"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0210|cit210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"m2980","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.m2980","article-title":"Drug treatments for COVID-19: living systematic review and network meta-analysis","volume":"370","author":"Siemieniuk","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0211|cit211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2019.10.015","article-title":"GRADE guidelines 27: how to calculate absolute effects for time-to-event outcomes in summary of findings tables and evidence profiles","volume":"118","author":"Skoetz","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Epidemiology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0212|cit212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"l4898","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.l4898","article-title":"RoB 2: a revised tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials","volume":"366","author":"Sterne","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0213|cit213","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1330","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.17023","article-title":"Association between administration of systemic corticosteroids and mortality among critically ill patients with COVID-19: a meta-analysis","volume":"324","author":"Sterne","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0214|cit214","first-page":"462","volume-title":"Pharmacology & Physiology in Anesthetic Practice","author":"Stoelting","year":"2006"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0215|cit215","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013665","article-title":"Signs and symptoms to determine if a patient presenting in primary care or hospital outpatient settings has COVID-19 disease","author":"Struyf","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0216|cit216","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E11","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00100.2011","article-title":"Extra-adrenal glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids: evidence for local synthesis, regulation and function","volume":"301","author":"Taves","year":"2011","journal-title":"American Journal of Physiology - Endocrinology and Metabolism"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0217|cit217","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-021-01594-w","article-title":"Clinical and virological characteristics of hospitalised COVID-19 patients in a German tertiary care centre during the first wave of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: a prospective observational study","volume":"49","author":"Thibeault","year":"2021","journal-title":"Infection"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0218|cit218","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1186\/1745-6215-8-16","article-title":"Practical methods for incorporating summary time-to-event data into meta-analysis","volume":"8","author":"Tierney","year":"2007","journal-title":"Trials"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0219|cit219","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tomlinson E Petkovic J Welch V Tugwell P It's time to increase the global relevance of Cochrane Reviews by applying an \u2018equity lens\u2019 Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2021 8 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/14651858.ED000155","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.ED000155"},{"issue":"696","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0220|cit220","first-page":"1","article-title":"Corticosteroid use in COVID-19 patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis on clinical outcomes","volume":"24","author":"Van Paassen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Critical Care"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0221|cit221","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(19)30417-5","article-title":"Dexamethasone treatment for the acute respiratory distress syndrome: a multicentre, randomised controlled trial","volume":"8","author":"Villar","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Respiratory Medicine"},{"issue":"j1415","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0222|cit222","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.j1415","article-title":"Short term use of oral corticosteroids and related harms among adults in the United States: population based cohort study","volume":"357","author":"Waljee","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0223|cit223","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101077","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2021.101077","article-title":"Ethnicity and acute hospital admissions: multi-center analysis of routine hospital data","volume":"39","author":"Wan","year":"2021","journal-title":"EClinicalMedicine"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0224|cit224","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1293","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(22)00320-6","article-title":"Global impact of the first year of COVID-19 vaccination: a mathematical modelling study","volume":"22","author":"Watson","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet Infectous Diseases"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0225|cit225","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1001333","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001333","article-title":"PRISMA-equity 2012 extension: reporting guidelines for systematic reviews with a focus on health equity","volume":"9","author":"Welch","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLOS Medicine"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0226|cit226","unstructured":"World Health Organization Cumulative number of reported probable cases of SARS www.who.int\/csr\/sars\/country\/2003_07_11\/en"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0227|cit227","unstructured":"World Health Organization Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) www.who.int\/emergencies\/mers-cov\/en"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0228|cit228","unstructured":"World Health Organization Report of the WHO-China joint mission on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) www.who.int\/docs\/default-source\/coronaviruse\/who-china-joint-mission-on-covid-19-final-report"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0229|cit229","unstructured":"World Health Organization Estimating mortality from COVID-19 - scientific brief www.who.int\/publications\/i\/item\/WHO-2019-nCoV-Sci-Brief-Mortality-2020.1"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0230|cit230","unstructured":"WHO working group on the clinical characterisation and management of COVID-19 infection A minimal common outcome measure set for COVID-19 clinical research Lancet Infectious Diseases 2020 20 8 e192 7"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0231|cit231","unstructured":"World Health Organization Weekly epidemiological update - 23 February 2021 www.who.int\/publications\/m\/item\/weekly-epidemiological-update---23-february-2021"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0232|cit232","unstructured":"World Health Organization Therapeutics and COVID-19: living guideline. 6 July 2021. 6. Who do the recommendations apply to? www.who.int\/publications\/i\/item\/WHO-2019-nCoV-clinical-2021-1"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0233|cit233","unstructured":"Therapeutics and COVID-19: living guideline. 6 July 2021. 7. Recommendations for therapeutics. 7.6 Systemic corticosteroids (published 2 September 2020) www.who.int\/publications\/i\/item\/WHO-2019-nCoV-therapeutics-2021.2"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0234|cit234","unstructured":"World Health Organization WHO coronavirus disease (COVID-19) dashboard covid19.who.int"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0235|cit235","unstructured":"World Health Organization SARS-CoV-2 variants https:\/\/www.who.int\/en\/activities\/tracking-SARS-CoV-2-variants\/"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0236|cit236","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-2521-4","article-title":"Factors associated with COVID-19-related death using OpenSAFELY","volume":"584","author":"Williamson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"10323","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0237|cit237","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(22)00017-4","article-title":"Early assessment of the clinical severity of the SARS-CoV-2 omicron variant in South Africa: a data linkage study","volume":"399","author":"Wolter","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0238|cit238","unstructured":"World Bank Country and Lending Groups datahelpdesk.worldbank.org\/knowledgebase\/articles\/906519-world-bank-country-and-lending-groups https:\/\/datahelpdesk.worldbank.org\/knowledgebase\/articles\/906519-world-bank-country-and-lending-groups"},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0239|cit239","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1239","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.2648","article-title":"Characteristics of and important lessons from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in China: summary of a report of 72314 cases from the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention","volume":"323","author":"Wu","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0240|cit240","unstructured":"Yasir M Goyal A Sonthalia S Corticosteroid adverse effects StatPearls Publishing 2022 https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK531462\/"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0241|cit241","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD015125","article-title":"Systemic corticosteroids for the treatment of COVID-19","author":"Wagner","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2-BIB0242|cit242","unstructured":"Wagner C Griesel M Micholajewska A Fichtner F Skoetz N Corticosteroids for the treatment of COVID-19 (part of German Ecosystem CEO-Sys) PROSPERO"}],"container-title":["Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,7]],"date-time":"2023-11-07T02:20:48Z","timestamp":1699323648000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/14651858.CD014963.pub2"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"name":"Cochrane Haematology Group","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,17]]},"references-count":242,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/14651858.cd014963.pub2","relation":{},"ISSN":["1465-1858"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1465-1858","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,17]]}}}