{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,28]],"date-time":"2025-01-28T05:30:23Z","timestamp":1738042223312,"version":"3.33.0"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["wiley.com","cochranelibrary.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.cd015509","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,27]],"date-time":"2025-01-27T11:59:17Z","timestamp":1737979157000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Graded activity for acute and subacute low back pain"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"2025","author":[{"given":"Lisandra","family":"Almeida de Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Rehabilitation Science; McMaster University; Hamilton Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anita R","family":"Gross","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Rehabilitation Science; McMaster University; Hamilton Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jill A","family":"Hayden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Health & Epidemiology; Dalhousie University; Halifax Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lisa","family":"Carlesso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Rehabilitation Science; McMaster University; Hamilton Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Steven","family":"Hanna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dept of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact; McMaster University; Hamilton Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nora","family":"Bakaa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Rehabilitation Science; McMaster University; Hamilton Canada"},{"name":"Institute for Disability and Rehabilitation Research; Ontario Tech University; Toronto Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Diego","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Rehabilitation Science; McMaster University; Hamilton Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luciana G","family":"Macedo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Rehabilitation Science; McMaster University; Hamilton Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD015509-BIB0001|cit1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"s192","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-006-1072-1","article-title":"Chapter 4. European guidelines for the management of chronic nonspecific low back pain","volume":"15","author":"Airaksinen","year":"2006","journal-title":"European Spine Journal"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD015509-BIB0002|cit2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3959(96)03288-5","article-title":"Fear and avoidance in dysfunctional chronic back pain patients","volume":"69","author":"Asmundson","year":"1997","journal-title":"Pain"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD015509-BIB0003|cit3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.4081\/monaldi.2012.121","article-title":"EuroQol-5D (EQ-5D): an instrument for measuring quality of life","volume":"78","author":"Balestroni","year":"2012","journal-title":"Monaldi Archives for Chest Diseases"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD015509-BIB0004|cit4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1961.01710120031004","article-title":"An inventory for measuring depression","volume":"4","author":"Beck","year":"1961","journal-title":"Archives of General Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD015509-BIB0005|cit5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2022.09.004","article-title":"A descriptive study found low prevalence of presumed predatory publications in a subset of Cochrane reviews","volume":"152","author":"Boulos","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Epidemiology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD015509-BIB0006|cit6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jot.2021.07.005","article-title":"Global, regional and national burden of low back pain 1990-2019: a systematic analysis of the Global Burden of Disease study 2019","volume":"32","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Orthopaedic Translation"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD015509-BIB0007|cit7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000001117","article-title":"Core outcome measurement instruments for clinical trials in nonspecific low back pain","volume":"159","author":"Chiarotto","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pain"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD015509-BIB0008|cit8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2018.07.009","article-title":"Measurement properties of visual analogue scale, numeric rating scale, and pain severity subscale of the brief pain inventory in patients with low back pain: a systematic review","volume":"20","author":"Chiarotto","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Pain"},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD015509-BIB0009|cit9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1295","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2010.344","article-title":"Will this patient develop persistent disabling low back pain?","volume":"303","author":"Chou","year":"2010","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD015509-BIB0010|cit10","unstructured":"EndNote X8\u2014citation manager\u2014What's new? Rathvon D Clarivate 2017"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD015509-BIB0011|cit11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"b3829","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.b3829","article-title":"Prognosis for patients with chronic low back pain: inception cohort study","volume":"339","author":"Costa","year":"2009","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD015509-BIB0012|cit12","unstructured":"Deeks JJ Higgins JPT Altman DG McKenzie JE Veroniki AA Chapter 10: Chapter 10: Analysing data and undertaking meta-analyses (last updated November 2024). In: Higgins JPT, Thomas J, Chandler J, Cumpston M, Li T, Page MJ, et al, editor(s). Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 6.5. Cochrane, 2024 Available from www.training.cochrane.org\/handbook"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD015509-BIB0013|cit13","first-page":"79\u2013110","article-title":"The Hopkins Symptom Checklist (HSCL). A measure of primary symptom dimensions","volume":"7","author":"Derogatis","year":"1973","journal-title":"Modern Problems in Pharmacopsychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD015509-BIB0014|cit14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e31815e7f94","article-title":"A consensus approach toward the standardization of back pain definitions for use in prevalence studies","volume":"33","author":"Dionne","year":"2008","journal-title":"Spine"},{"issue":"7109","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD015509-BIB0015|cit15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.315.7109.629","article-title":"Bias in meta-analysis detected by a simple, graphical test","volume":"315","author":"Egger","year":"1997","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD015509-BIB0016|cit16","first-page":"271","article-title":"The Oswestry Low Back Pain Questionnaire","volume":"66","author":"Fairbank","year":"1980","journal-title":"Physiotherapy"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD015509-BIB0017|cit17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1397","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2013.02.018","article-title":"The smallest worthwhile effect of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and physiotherapy for chronic low back pain: a benefit-harm trade-off study","volume":"66","author":"Ferreira","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Epidemiology"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD015509-BIB0018|cit18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e316","DOI":"10.1016\/S2665-9913(23)00098-X","article-title":"Global, regional, and national burden of low back pain, 1990\u20132020, its attributable risk factors, and projections to 2050: a systematic analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021","volume":"5","author":"Ferreira","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet Rheumatology"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD015509-BIB0019|cit19","first-page":"399","article-title":"Operant conditioning in the treatment of chronic pain","volume":"54","author":"Fordyce","year":"1973","journal-title":"Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD015509-BIB0020|cit20","volume-title":"Behavioral Methods for Chronic Pain and Illness","author":"Fordyce","year":"1976"},{"issue":"10137","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD015509-BIB0021|cit21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2368","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)30489-6","article-title":"Prevention and treatment of low back pain: evidence, challenges, and promising directions","volume":"391","author":"Foster","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"21","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD015509-BIB0022|cit22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1660","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000001061","article-title":"Updated method guideline for systematic reviews in the Cochrane Back and Neck Group","volume":"40","author":"Furlan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD015509-BIB0023|cit23","unstructured":"GRADEpro GDT McMaster University (developed by Evidence Prime) 2024"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD015509-BIB0024|cit24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56\u201362","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.23.1.56","article-title":"A rating scale for depression","volume":"23","author":"Hamilton","year":"1960","journal-title":"Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD015509-BIB0025|cit25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103208","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2019.103208","article-title":"The REDCap consortium: building an international community of software platform partners","volume":"95","author":"Harris","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Biomedical Informatics"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD015509-BIB0026|cit26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"528","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-003-0542-y","article-title":"Back pain remains a common symptom in old age. a population-based study of 4486 Danish twins aged 70-102","volume":"12","author":"Hartvigsen","year":"2003","journal-title":"European Spine Journal"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD015509-BIB0027|cit27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2356","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)30480-X","article-title":"What low back pain is and why we need to pay attention","volume":"391","author":"Hartvigsen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD015509-BIB0028|cit28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2020.01.013","article-title":"Predatory publishing dilutes and distorts evidence in systematic reviews","volume":"121","author":"Hayden","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Epidemiology"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD015509-BIB0029|cit29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009790.pub2","article-title":"Exercise therapy for chronic low back pain","author":"Hayden","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD015509-BIB0030|cit30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2021.01.020","article-title":"Meta-epidemiological study of publication integrity, and quality of conduct and reporting of randomized trials included in a systematic review of low back pain","volume":"134","author":"Hayden","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Epidemiology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD015509-BIB0031|cit31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s41687-017-0003-8","article-title":"Two-item PROMIS\u00ae global physical and mental health scales","volume":"1","author":"Hays","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Patient-Reported Outcomes"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD015509-BIB0032|cit32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1075","DOI":"10.1097\/01.brs.0000216443.46783.4d","article-title":"The effectiveness of high-intensity versus low-intensity back schools in an occupational setting: a pragmatic randomized controlled trial","volume":"31","author":"Heymans","year":"2006","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD015509-BIB0033|cit33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.d5928","article-title":"The Cochrane Collaborarion's tool for asssessing risk of bias in randomised trials","volume":"343","author":"Higgins","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD015509-BIB0034|cit34","unstructured":"Higgins JPT Thomas J Chandler J Cumpston M Li T Page MJ Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 6.5. Cochrane, 2024 Available from www.training.cochrane.org\/handbook"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD015509-BIB0035|cit35","unstructured":"Higgins JPT Li T Deeks JJ Chapter 6: Choosing effect measures and computing estimates of effect (last updated August 2023). In: Higgins JPT, Thomas J, Chandler J, Cumpston M, Li T, Page MJ, et al, editor(s). Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 6.5. Cochrane, 2024 Available from www.training.cochrane.org\/handbook"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD015509-BIB0036|cit36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Higgins JPT Savovi\u0107 J Page MJ Elbers RG Sterne JAC Chapter 8: Assessing risk of bias in a randomized trial (last updated October 2019). In: Higgins JPT, Thomas J, Chandler J, Cumpston M, Li T, Page MJ, et al, editor(s). Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 6.5. Cochrane, 2024 Available from www.training.cochrane.org\/handbook","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119536604.ch8"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD015509-BIB0037|cit37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1007\/s10926-005-8035-y","article-title":"The effects of a graded activity intervention for low back pain in occupational health on sick leave, functional status and pain: 12-month results of a randomized controlled trial","volume":"15","author":"Hlobil","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD015509-BIB0038|cit38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2028","DOI":"10.1002\/art.34347","article-title":"A systematic review of the global prevalence of low back pain","volume":"64","author":"Hoy","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arthritis and Rheumatism"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD015509-BIB0039|cit39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.4314\/ejhs.v30i2.11","article-title":"Efficacy of graded activity with and without daily monitored walking on pain and back endurance among patients with concomitant low-back pain and type-2 diabetes: a randomized trial","volume":"30","author":"Idowu","journal-title":"Ethiopian Journal of Health Sciences"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD015509-BIB0040|cit40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s40945-021-00104-3","article-title":"Graded activity with and without daily-monitored-walking in patients with type 2 diabetes with low back pain: secondary analysis of a randomized-clinical trial","volume":"11","author":"Idowu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Archives of Physiotherapy"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD015509-BIB0041|cit41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1525-1497.2001.016009606.x","article-title":"The PHQ-9: validity of a brief depression severity measure","volume":"16","author":"Kroenke","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of General Internal Medicine"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD015509-BIB0042|cit42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2007.12.009","article-title":"Exposure in vivo versus operant graded activity in chronic low back pain patients: results of a randomized controlled trial","volume":"138","author":"Leeuw","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pain"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD015509-BIB0043|cit43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/72.4.279","article-title":"The effect of graded activity on patients with subacute low back pain: a randomized prospective clinical study with an operant-conditioning behavioral approach","volume":"72","author":"Lindstr\u00f6m","year":"1992","journal-title":"Physical Therapy"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD015509-BIB0044|cit44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199206000-00003","article-title":"Mobility, strength, and fitness after a graded activity program for patients with subacute low back pain. A randomized prospective clinical study with a behavioral therapy approach","volume":"17","author":"Lindstr\u00f6m","year":"1992","journal-title":"Spine"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD015509-BIB0045|cit45","first-page":"172","article-title":"A systematic review and meta-analysis on the effectiveness of graded activity and graded exposure for chronic nonspecific low back pain","volume":"17","author":"L\u00f3pez-de-Uralde-Villanueva","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pain Medicine"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD015509-BIB0046|cit46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"860","DOI":"10.2522\/ptj.20090303","article-title":"Graded activity and graded exposure for persistent nonspecific low back pain: a systematic review","volume":"90","author":"Macedo","year":"2010","journal-title":"Physical Therapy"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD015509-BIB0047|cit47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.2522\/ptj.20110290","article-title":"Effect of motor control exercises versus graded activity in patients with chronic nonspecific low back pain: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"92","author":"Macedo","year":"2012","journal-title":"Physical Therapy"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD015509-BIB0048|cit48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3959(99)00187-6","article-title":"The economic burden of back pain in the UK","volume":"84","author":"Maniadakis","year":"2000","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD015509-BIB0049|cit49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"McKenzie JE Brennan SE Chapter 12: Synthesizing and presenting findings using other methods (last updated October 2019). In: Higgins JPT, Thomas J, Chandler J, Cumpston M, Li T, Page MJ, et al, editor(s). Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 6.5. Cochrane, 2024 Available from www.training.cochrane.org\/handbook","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119536604.ch12"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD015509-BIB0050|cit50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.134.4.382","article-title":"A new depression scale designed to be sensitive to change","volume":"134","author":"Montgomery","year":"1979","journal-title":"British Journal of Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD015509-BIB0051|cit51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13643-021-01626-4","article-title":"The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews","volume":"10","author":"Page","year":"2021","journal-title":"Systematic Reviews"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD015509-BIB0052|cit52","unstructured":"Page MJ Higgins JPT Sterne JAC Chapter 13: Assessing risk of bias due to missing results in a synthesis (last updated August 2024). In: Higgins JPT, Thomas J, Chandler J, Cumpston M, Li T, Page MJ, et al, editor(s). Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 6.5. Cochrane, 2024 Available from www.training.cochrane.org\/handbook"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD015509-BIB0053|cit53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-146-11-200706050-00007","article-title":"Physiotherapist-directed exercise, advice, or both for subacute low back pain: a randomized trial","volume":"146","author":"Pengel","year":"2007","journal-title":"Annals of Internal Medicine"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD015509-BIB0054|cit54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1177\/014662167700100306","article-title":"The CES-D Scale: a self-report depression scale for research in the general population","volume":"1","author":"Radloff","year":"1977","journal-title":"Applied Psychological Measurement"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD015509-BIB0055|cit55","unstructured":"The Retraction Watch Database. New York: The Center for Scientific Integrity. 2018 (accessed 2024) Available from: http:\/\/retractiondatabase.org\/"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD015509-BIB0056|cit56","unstructured":"Review Manager (RevMan) The Cochrane Collaboration 2024"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD015509-BIB0057|cit57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-198303000-00004","article-title":"A study of the natural history of back pain: Part 1: Developmentof a reliable and sensitive measure of disability in low-back pain","volume":"8","author":"Roland","year":"1983","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD015509-BIB0058|cit58","first-page":"112","volume-title":"Psychological Approaches to Pain Management: A Practitioner's Handbook","author":"Sanders","year":"1996"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD015509-BIB0059|cit59","unstructured":"Sch\u00fcnemann HJ Higgins JPT Vist GE Glasziou P Akl EA Skoetz N Chapter 14: Completing \u2018Summary of findings\u2019 tables and grading the certainty of the evidence [last updated August 2023]. In: Higgins JPT, Thomas J, Chandler J, Cumpston M, Li T, Page MJ, et al, editor(s). Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 6.5. Cochrane, 2024 Available from www.training.cochrane.org\/handbook"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD015509-BIB0060|cit60","unstructured":"Sch\u00fcnemann HJ Vist GE Higgins JPT Santesso N Deeks JJ Glasziou P Chapter 15: Interpreting results and drawing conclusions [last updated August 2023]. In: Higgins JPT, Thomas J, Chandler J, Cumpston M, Li T, Page MJ, et al, editor(s). Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 6.5. Cochrane, 2024 Available from www.training.cochrane.org\/handbook"},{"issue":"23","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD015509-BIB0061|cit61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1428","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2016-096651","article-title":"Consensus on exercise reporting template (CERT): explanation and elaboration statement","volume":"50","author":"Slade","year":"2016","journal-title":"British Journal of Sports Medicine"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD015509-BIB0062|cit62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-140-2-200401200-00007","article-title":"Graded activity for low back pain in occupational health care: a randomized, controlled trial","volume":"140","author":"Staal","year":"2004","journal-title":"Annals of Internal Medicine"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD015509-BIB0063|cit63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"642","DOI":"10.1002\/art.23570","article-title":"Graded activity for workers with low back pain: who benefits most and how does it work?","volume":"59","author":"Staal","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arthritis and Rheumatism"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD015509-BIB0064|cit64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"718","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.2005.021675","article-title":"The effectiveness of graded activity for low back pain in occupational healthcare","volume":"63","author":"Steenstra","year":"2006","journal-title":"Occupational and Environmental Medicine"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD015509-BIB0065|cit65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2037371","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2020.37371","article-title":"Risk factors associated with transition from acute to chronic low back pain in US patients seeking primary care","volume":"4","author":"Stevans","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA Network Open"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD015509-BIB0066|cit66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"s169","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-006-1071-2","article-title":"Chapter 3. European guidelines for the management of acute nonspecific low back pain in primary care","volume":"15","author":"Tulder","year":"2006","journal-title":"European Spine Journal"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD015509-BIB0067|cit67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3959(99)00242-0","article-title":"Fear-avoidance and its consequences in chronic musculoskeletal pain: a state of the art","volume":"85","author":"Vlaeyen","year":"2000","journal-title":"Pain"},{"issue":"10053","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD015509-BIB0068|cit68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1545","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)31678-6","article-title":"Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 310 diseases and injuries, 1990-2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015","volume":"388","author":"Vos","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD015509-BIB0069|cit69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1097\/00005650-199206000-00002","article-title":"The MOS 36-item short-form health survey (SF-36). I. Conceptual framework and item selection","volume":"30","author":"Sherbourne","year":"1992","journal-title":"Medical Care"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD015509-BIB0070|cit70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1097\/00005650-199603000-00003","article-title":"A 12-item short-form health survey: construction of scales and preliminary tests of reliability and validity","volume":"34","author":"Kosinski","year":"1996","journal-title":"Medical Care"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD015509-BIB0071|cit71","unstructured":"WebPlotDigitizer Rohatgi A Ankit Rohatgi 2024"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD015509-BIB0072|cit72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2010.10.044","article-title":"Differential predictors of the long-term levels of pain intensity, work disability, healthcare use, and medication use in a sample of workers\u2019 compensation claimants","volume":"152","author":"Wideman","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pain"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD015509-BIB0073|cit73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361\u201370","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.1983.tb09716.x","article-title":"The hospital anxiety and depression scale","volume":"67","author":"Zigmond","year":"1983","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD015509-BIB0074|cit74","unstructured":"Zotero Stillman D Cheslack-Postava F Abaev B Bagdonas M Jellinek A Najdek T Corporation for Digital Scholarship 2024"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD015509-BIB0075|cit75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1965.01720310065008","article-title":"A self-rating depression scale","volume":"12","year":"1965","journal-title":"Archives of General Psychiatry"}],"container-title":["Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,27]],"date-time":"2025-01-27T11:59:37Z","timestamp":1737979177000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/14651858.CD015509"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"name":"Cochrane Central Editorial Service","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,27]]},"references-count":75,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/14651858.cd015509","relation":{},"ISSN":["1465-1858"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1465-1858","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,27]]}}}