{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T18:48:41Z","timestamp":1792176521404,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":167,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","content-domain":{"domain":["wiley.com","cochranelibrary.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.cd016002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,24]],"date-time":"2025-09-24T12:42:10Z","timestamp":1758717730000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Combined cardiorespiratory and resistance training for people with stroke"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"2025","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8901-4617","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David H","family":"Saunders","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physical Activity for Health Research Centre (PAHRC); University of Edinburgh; Edinburgh UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6593-5972","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sharon A","family":"Carstairs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health Sciences; University of Dundee; Dundee UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joshua D","family":"Cheyne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Library Services; University of the West of Scotland; Paisley UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Megan","family":"Fileman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Integrated Older People's Service; Liberton Hospital; Edinburgh UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9130-686X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jacqui","family":"Morris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health Sciences; University of Dundee; Dundee UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Morton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physical Activity for Health Research Centre; University of Edinburgh; Edinburgh UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1265-5939","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gavin","family":"Wylie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health Sciences; University of Dundee; Dundee UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7494-2023","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gillian E","family":"Mead","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences; University of Edinburgh; Edinburgh UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,24]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0001|cit1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1080\/02640411003671212","article-title":"The ABC of physical activity for health: a consensus statement from the British Association of Sport and Exercise Sciences","volume":"28","author":"O'Donovan","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Sports Sciences"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0002|cit2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Powell KE King AC Buchner DM Campbell WW DiPietro L Erickson KI The scientific foundation for the Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans Journal of Physical Activity and Health 2019 16 1 1 11","DOI":"10.1123\/jpah.2018-0618"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0003|cit3","volume-title":"WHO Guidelines on Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviour for Children and Adolescents, Adults and Older Adults","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2020"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0004|cit4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2532","DOI":"10.1161\/STR.0000000000000022","article-title":"Physical activity and exercise recommendations for stroke survivors: a statement for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association\/American Stroke Association","volume":"45","author":"Billinger","year":"2014","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0005|cit5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/pzz153","article-title":"Aerobic exercise recommendations to optimize best practices in care after stroke: AEROBICS 2019 update","volume":"100","author":"MacKay-Lyons","year":"2019","journal-title":"Physical Therapy"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0006|cit6","unstructured":"Stroke Foundation Clinical Guidelines for Stroke Management Available at https:\/\/informme.org.au\/guidelines\/living-clinical-guidelines-for-stroke-management"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0007|cit7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.1177\/1747493019897843","article-title":"Canadian stroke best practice recommendations: rehabilitation, recovery, and community participation following stroke. Part one: rehabilitation and recovery following stroke; 6th edition update 2019","volume":"15","author":"Teasell","year":"2020","journal-title":"International Journal of Stroke"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0008|cit8","unstructured":"National Clinical Guideline for Stroke for the UK and Ireland. London: Intercollegiate Stroke Working Party Available at https:\/\/www.strokeguideline.org\/ 2023"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0009|cit9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1177\/17474930231156753","article-title":"A systematic review and synthesis of global stroke guidelines on behalf of the World Stroke Organization","volume":"18","author":"Mead","year":"2023","journal-title":"International Journal of Stroke"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0010|cit10","volume-title":"Physical Activity Guidelines Advisory Committee Report","author":"US Department of Health and Human Services Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"2018"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0011|cit11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1515","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2015.07.026","article-title":"Reference standards for cardiorespiratory fitness measured with cardiopulmonary exercise testing: data from the Fitness Registry and the Importance of Exercise National Database","volume":"90","author":"Kaminsky","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mayo Clinic Proceedings"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0012|cit12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1185","DOI":"10.1139\/apnm-2020-0081","article-title":"Age and sex-related decline of muscle strength across the adult lifespan: a scoping review of aggregated data","volume":"45","author":"Haynes","year":"2020","journal-title":"Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0013|cit13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1076","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/63.10.1076","article-title":"Functional impact of 10 days of bed rest in healthy older adults","volume":"63","author":"Kortebein","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journals of Gerontology Series A - Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0014|cit14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2005-837571","article-title":"Control of muscle size during disuse, disease, and aging","volume":"27","author":"Degens","year":"2006","journal-title":"International Journal of Sports Medicine"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0015|cit15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1007\/s00223-017-0354-4","article-title":"Relationships between markers of inflammation and muscle mass, strength and function: findings from the Hertfordshire Cohort Study","volume":"102","author":"Westbury","year":"2018","journal-title":"Calcified Tissue International"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0016|cit16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"a029769","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a029769","article-title":"Adaptations to endurance and strength training","volume":"8","author":"Hughes","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0017|cit17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.2007.044800","article-title":"Maximal oxygen intake and independence in old age","volume":"43","author":"Shephard","year":"2009","journal-title":"British Journal of Sports Medicine"},{"issue":"10-11","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0018|cit18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"902","DOI":"10.1177\/0269215508094713","article-title":"Threshold of lower body muscular strength necessary to perform ADL independently in community-dwelling older adults","volume":"22","author":"Hasegawa","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clinical Rehabilitation"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0019|cit19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2016.09.003","article-title":"Neuromuscular contributions to the age-related reduction in muscle power: mechanisms and potential role of high velocity power training","volume":"35","author":"McKinnon","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ageing Research Reviews"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0020|cit20","first-page":"541","article-title":"Experience from a multicentre stroke register: a preliminary report","volume":"54","author":"Hatano","year":"1976","journal-title":"Bulletin of the World Health Organization"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0021|cit21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(21)00252-0","article-title":"Global, regional, and national burden of stroke and its risk factors, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019","volume":"20","author":"GBD 2019 Stroke Collaborators","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet Neurology"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0022|cit22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2538","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.121.038155","article-title":"Long-term survival, stroke recurrence, and life expectancy after an acute stroke in Australia and new zealand from 2008-2017: a population-wide cohort study","volume":"53","author":"Peng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0023|cit23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.107.489294","article-title":"Medical complications in a comprehensive stroke unit and an early supported discharge service","volume":"39","author":"Indredavik","year":"2008","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0024|cit24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1223","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.31.6.1223","article-title":"Medical complications after stroke: a multicenter study","volume":"31","author":"Langhorne","year":"2000","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0025|cit25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1747-4949.2012.00791.x","article-title":"Cardiorespiratory fitness after stroke: a systematic review","volume":"7","author":"Smith","year":"2012","journal-title":"International Journal of Stroke"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0026|cit26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"522","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2015.10.106","article-title":"Lower limb strength is significantly impaired in all muscle groups in ambulatory people with chronic stroke: a cross-sectional study","volume":"97","author":"Dorsch","year":"2016","journal-title":"Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0027|cit27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2007.09.034","article-title":"Association of activity limitations and lower-limb explosive extensor power in ambulatory people with stroke","volume":"89","author":"Saunders","year":"2008","journal-title":"Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0028|cit28","first-page":"592","article-title":"Cardiorespiratory fitness and stroke mortality in men","volume":"34","author":"Lee","year":"2002","journal-title":"Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise"},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0029|cit29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1682","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.163.14.1682","article-title":"Cardiorespiratory fitness and the risk for stroke in men","volume":"163","author":"Kurl","year":"2003","journal-title":"Archives of Internal Medicine"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0030|cit30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1005","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000120727.40792.40","article-title":"Inactive and alone: physical activity within the first 14 days of acute stroke unit care","volume":"35","author":"Bernhardt","year":"2004","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0031|cit31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.2340\/16501977-0013","article-title":"Little therapy, little physical activity: rehabilitation within the first 14 days of organized stroke unit care","volume":"39","author":"Bernhardt","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0032|cit32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.2522\/ptj.20130175","article-title":"Physical activity and sedentary behaviors in people with stroke living in the community: a systematic review","volume":"94","author":"English","year":"2014","journal-title":"Physical Therapy"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0033|cit33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2008.09.562","article-title":"Isometric muscle function of knee extensors and the relation with functional performance in patients with stroke","volume":"90","author":"Gerrits","year":"2009","journal-title":"Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0034|cit34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475-097X.2008.00802.x","article-title":"Intrinsic muscle strength and voluntary activation of both lower limbs and functional performance after stroke","volume":"28","author":"Horstman","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0035|cit35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"974","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2006.03.008","article-title":"Knee muscle strength, gait performance, and perceived participation after stroke","volume":"87","author":"Flansbjer","year":"2006","journal-title":"Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0036|cit36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2006.10.025","article-title":"Determinants of walking function after stroke: differences by deficit severity","volume":"88","author":"Patterson","year":"2007","journal-title":"Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0037|cit37","first-page":"77","volume-title":"Exercise and Fitness Training after Stroke - A Handbook for Evidence-Based Practice","author":"Saunders","year":"2013"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0038|cit38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(09)70150-4","article-title":"Motor recovery after stroke: a systematic review","volume":"8","author":"Langhorne","year":"2009","journal-title":"Lancet Neurology"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0039|cit39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1334","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0b013e318213fefb","article-title":"Quantity and quality of exercise for developing and maintaining cardiorespiratory, musculoskeletal, and neuromotor fitness in apparently healthy adults: guidance for prescribing exercise","volume":"43","author":"Garber","year":"2011","journal-title":"Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise"},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0040|cit40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1317","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2022-106503","article-title":"Exercise training and resting blood pressure: a large-scale pairwise and network meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials","volume":"57","author":"Edwards","year":"2023","journal-title":"British Journal of Sports Medicine"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0041|cit41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1561","DOI":"10.1177\/0269215517709051","article-title":"Effects of exercise on cardiovascular risk factors following stroke or transient ischemic attack: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"31","author":"D'Isabella","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clinical Rehabilitation"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0042|cit42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2023.04.008","article-title":"Exercise and cardiovascular health: a state-of-the-art review","volume":"79","author":"Isath","year":"2023","journal-title":"Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0043|cit43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2404","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.121.037343","article-title":"Impact of exercise on cerebrovascular physiology and risk of stroke","volume":"53","author":"Edward","year":"2022","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0044|cit44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"812","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2022.11.002","article-title":"Efficacy of therapeutic exercise on activities of daily living and cognitive function among older residents in long-term care facilities: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"104","author":"Okamae","year":"2023","journal-title":"Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0045|cit45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jphys.2017.12.001","article-title":"Physical exercise improves strength, balance, mobility, and endurance in people with cognitive impairment and dementia: a systematic review","volume":"64","author":"Lam","journal-title":"Journal of Physiotherapy"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0046|cit46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1187325","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2023.1187325","article-title":"Exercise for prevention of falls and fall-related injuries in neurodegenerative diseases and aging-related risk conditions: a meta-analysis","volume":"14","author":"Feng","year":"2023","journal-title":"Frontiers in Endocrinology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0047|cit47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003316.pub7","article-title":"Physical fitness training for stroke patients","author":"Saunders","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0048|cit48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1203","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2022-106195","article-title":"Effectiveness of physical activity interventions for improving depression, anxiety and distress: an overview of systematic reviews","volume":"57","author":"Singh","year":"2023","journal-title":"British Journal of Sports Medicine"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0049|cit49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1098","DOI":"10.1093\/tbm\/ibz198","article-title":"A systematic review of physical activity and quality of life and well-being","volume":"10","author":"Marquez","year":"2020","journal-title":"Translational Behavioral Medicine"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0050|cit50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1242","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0000000000001936","article-title":"Physical activity, cognition, and brain outcomes: a review of the 2018 physical activity guidelines","volume":"51","author":"Erickson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0051|cit51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14582","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-41075-8","article-title":"Effectiveness of physical activity interventions on reducing perceived fatigue among adults with chronic conditions: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials","volume":"13","author":"Barakou","year":"2023","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0052|cit52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physio.2019.06.001","article-title":"Experiences of venue based exercise interventions for people with stroke in the UK: a systematic review and thematic synthesis of qualitative research","volume":"110","author":"Young","year":"2021","journal-title":"Physiotherapy"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0053|cit53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1160","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(23)00277-6","article-title":"Pragmatic solutions to reduce the global burden of stroke: a World Stroke Organization","volume":"22","author":"Krishnamurthi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet Neurology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0054|cit54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1177\/17474930221096935","article-title":"International research priority setting exercises in stroke: a systematic review","volume":"18","author":"Leitch","year":"2023","journal-title":"International Journal of Stroke"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0055|cit55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(12)70029-7","article-title":"Top ten research priorities relating to life after stroke","volume":"11","author":"Pollock","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lancet Neurology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0056|cit56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1080\/10749357.2020.1789829","article-title":"Stroke survivors\u2019 priorities for research related to life after stroke","volume":"28","author":"Rudberg","year":"2021","journal-title":"Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0057|cit57","unstructured":"Stroke Association Shaping stroke research to rebuild lives: The Stroke Priority Setting Partnership results for investment https:\/\/www.stroke.org.uk\/sites\/default\/files\/research\/stroke_priority_setting_partnership_full_report.pdf 2021"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0058|cit58","unstructured":"Kramer S Cheyne JD Hassett L Johnson L Mead GE Rackoll T Cardiorespiratory training for people with stroke Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0059|cit59","unstructured":"Saunders DH Baker G Cheyne JD Cooper K Fini NA Kilgour A Resistance training for people with stroke Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. Art. No.: CD016001."},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0060|cit60","unstructured":"Higgins JP Lasserson T Thomas J Flemyng E Churchill R Methodological expectations of Cochrane intervention reviews. Cochrane: London, version August 2023 Available from https:\/\/community.cochrane.org\/mecir-manual"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0061|cit61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"n71","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n71","article-title":"The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews","volume":"372","author":"Page","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.)"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0062|cit62","unstructured":"Review Manager (RevMan) The Cochrane Collaboration 2022"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0063|cit63","unstructured":"Peryer G Golder S Junqueira D Vohra S Loke YK Chapter 19: Adverse effects. In: Higgins JPT, Thomas J, Chandler J, Cumpston M, Li T, Page MJ, Welch VA (editors). Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions version 6.4 (updated August 2023). Cochrane, 2023. Available from www.training.cochrane.org\/handbook 2023"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0064|cit64","unstructured":"McKenzie JE Brennan SE Chapter 12: Synthesizing and presenting findings using other methods [last updated October 2019]. In: Higgins JPT, Thomas J, Chandler J, Cumpston M, Li T, Page MJ, Welch VA (editors). Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions version 6.5. Cochrane, 2024 Available from https:\/\/www.cochrane.org\/authors\/handbooks-and-manuals\/handbook\/current 2024"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0065|cit65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.2340\/1650197794115119","article-title":"Interrater reliability of the 7-level Functional Independence Measure (FIM)","volume":"26","author":"Hamilton","year":"1994","journal-title":"Scandinavian Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0066|cit66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.3109\/09638288809164103","article-title":"The Barthel ADL Index: a reliability study","volume":"10","author":"Collin","year":"1988","journal-title":"International Disability Studies"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0067|cit67","first-page":"S7","article-title":"Measuring balance in the elderly: validation of an instrument","volume":"83","author":"Berg","year":"1992","journal-title":"Canadian Journal of Public Health. Revue Canadienne de Sante Publique"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0068|cit68","unstructured":"Lefebvre C Glanville J Briscoe S Featherstone R Littlewood A Technical Supplement to Chapter 4: Searching for and selecting studies. In: Higgins JP, Thomas J, Chandler J, Cumpston MS, Li T, Page MJ, Welch VA, editor(s). Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 6.5 (updated September 2024). Cochrane, 2024 Available from https:\/\/www.cochrane.org\/authors\/handbooks-and-manuals\/handbook\/current 2024"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0069|cit69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1002\/jrsm.1563","article-title":"Citationchaser: a tool for transparent and efficient forward and backward citation chasing in systematic searching","volume":"13","author":"Haddaway","year":"2022","journal-title":"Research Synthesis Methods"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0070|cit70","unstructured":"Covidence systematic review software Veritas Health Innovation 2024"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0071|cit71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-14-135","article-title":"Estimating the sample mean and standard deviation from the sample size, median, range and\/or interquartile range","volume":"14","author":"Wan","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Medical Research Methodology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0072|cit72","unstructured":"Higgins JP Altman DG Chapter 8: Assessing risk of bias in included studies. In: Higgins JPT, Churchill R, Chandler J, Cumpston MS (editors), Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions version 5.2.0 (updated June 2017), Cochrane, 2017 Available from https:\/\/www.cochrane.org\/authors\/handbooks-and-manuals\/handbook\/archive\/v5.2.0"},{"issue":"9308","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0073|cit73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(02)07882-0","article-title":"Sample size slippages in randomised trials: exclusions and the lost and wayward","volume":"359","author":"Schulz","year":"2002","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0074|cit74","unstructured":"Deeks JJ Higgins JP Altman DG Chapter 10: Analysing data and undertaking meta-analyses. In: Higgins JP, Thomas J, Chandler J, Cumpston M, Li T, Page MJ, Welch VA, editor(s). Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 6.3 (updated February 2022). Cochrane, 2022 Available from https:\/\/www.cochrane.org\/authors\/handbooks-and-manuals\/handbook#previous-versions 2022"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0075|cit75","unstructured":"Higgins JP Li T Deeks JJ Chapter 6: Choosing effect measures and computing estimates of effect. In: Higgins JP, Thomas J, Chandler J, Cumpston M, Li T, Page MJ, Welch VA, editor(s). Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 6.3 (updated February 2022). Cochrane, 2022 Available from https:\/\/www.cochrane.org\/authors\/handbooks-and-manuals\/handbook\/archive\/v6.3 2022"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0076|cit76","volume-title":"Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Science","author":"Cohen","year":"1988"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0077|cit77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"003685042211016","DOI":"10.1177\/00368504221101636","article-title":"Walking and resting blood pressure: an inter-individual response difference meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"105","author":"Kelley","year":"2022","journal-title":"Science Progress"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0078|cit78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2023-107849","article-title":"Cardiorespiratory fitness is a strong and consistent predictor of morbidity and mortality among adults: an overview of meta-analyses representing over 20.9 million observations from 199 unique cohort studies","volume":"58","author":"Lang","year":"2024","journal-title":"British Journal of Sports Medicine"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0079|cit79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1223","DOI":"10.1589\/jpts.25.1223","article-title":"Minimal clinically important difference for comfortable speed as a measure of gait performance in patients undergoing inpatient rehabilitation after stroke","volume":"25","author":"Bohannon","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Physical Therapy Science"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0080|cit80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1097\/NPT.0000000000000236","article-title":"Minimal clinically important difference of the 6-Minute Walk Test in people with stroke","volume":"42","author":"Fulk","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Neurologic Physical Therapy"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0081|cit81","unstructured":"Page MJ Higgins JPT Sterne JAC Chapter 13: Assessing risk of bias due to missing results in a synthesis. In: Higgins JPT, Thomas J, Chandler J, Cumpston M, Li T, Page MJ, Welch VA (editors). Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions version 6.4 (updated August 2023). Cochrane, 2023 Available from https:\/\/www.cochrane.org\/authors\/handbooks-and-manuals\/handbook\/archive\/v6.4 2023"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0082|cit82","first-page":"557","article-title":"Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses","volume":"327","author":"Higgins","year":"2003","journal-title":"BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.)"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0083|cit83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.1177\/1545968317732668","article-title":"Agreed definitions and a shared vision for new standards in stroke recovery research: The Stroke Recovery and Rehabilitation Roundtable taskforce","volume":"31","author":"Bernhardt","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0084|cit84","unstructured":"ODA recipients: countries, territories, and international organisations https:\/\/www.oecd.org\/en\/topics\/sub-issues\/oda-eligibility-and-conditions\/dac-list-of-oda-recipients.html"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0085|cit85","unstructured":"GRADEpro Guideline Development Tool [Software] McMaster University (developed by Evidence Prime) 2024"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0086|cit86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2022.07.014","article-title":"GRADE Guidance 34: update on rating imprecision using a minimally contextualized approach","volume":"150","author":"Zeng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Epidemiology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0087|cit87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"473-80","DOI":"10.12965\/jer.1836200.100","article-title":"Effectiveness of combined and conventional exercise trainings on the biochemical responses of stroke patients","volume":"14","author":"Acheampong","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Exercise Rehabilitation"},{"issue":"88","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0088|cit88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1186\/s40814-022-01037-9","article-title":"Community-based exercise programs incorporating healthcare-community partnerships to improve function post-stroke: feasibility of a 2-group randomized controlled trial","volume":"8","author":"Aravind","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pilot and Feasibility Studies"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0089|cit89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Aravind G Bashir K Cameron JI Howe JA Jaglal SB Bayley MT Increasing access to task-oriented community-based exercise programs through healthcare-community partnerships to improve function post-stroke: feasibility of a 2-group randomized controlled trial protocol Available at https:\/\/www.researchsquare.com\/article\/rs-599797\/v1 2021 10.21203\/rs.3.rs-599797\/v1","DOI":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-599797\/v1"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0090|cit90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.4236\/ojtr.2019.74010","article-title":"Effect of exercise on gait kinematics and kinetics in patients with chronic ischaemic stroke","volume":"7","author":"Fotiadou","year":"2019","journal-title":"Open Journal of Therapy and Rehabilitation"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0091|cit91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0256455","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0256455","article-title":"Feasibility of a home-based physiotherapy intervention to promote post-stroke mobility: a randomized controlled pilot study","volume":"17","author":"Jarbandhan","year":"2022","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0092|cit92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"722-31","DOI":"10.23736\/S0022-4707.21.12306-0","article-title":"Comparing the effects of multicomponent exercise with or without power training on the cardiorespiratory fitness, physical function, and muscular strength of patients with stroke: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"62","author":"Kang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0093|cit93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1187666","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2023.1187666","article-title":"The efficacy of community-based exercise programs on circulating irisin level, muscle strength, cardiorespiratory endurance, and body composition for ischemic stroke: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"14","author":"Kang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Frontiers in Neurology"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0094|cit94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2639","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.120.029245","article-title":"Higher doses improve walking recovery during stroke inpatient rehabilitation","volume":"51","author":"Klassen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0095|cit95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1177\/1747493018789543","article-title":"Integrating front-line clinicians to deliver complex interventions in multi-site, randomized, stroke rehabilitation clinical trials: lessons learned from the dose study","volume":"13","author":"Klassen","year":"2018","journal-title":"International Journal of Stroke"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0096|cit96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1177\/1747493018785064","article-title":"Determining optimal poststroke exercise: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial investigating therapeutic intensity and dose on functional recovery during stroke inpatient rehabilitation","volume":"14","author":"Klassen","year":"2019","journal-title":"International Journal of Stroke"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0097|cit97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1023488","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2023.1023488","article-title":"Higher intensity walking improves global cognition during inpatient rehabilitation: a secondary analysis of a randomized control trial","volume":"14","author":"Peters","year":"2023","journal-title":"Frontiers in Neurology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0098|cit98","unstructured":"Eng J Replication data for: higher doses improve walking recovery during stroke inpatient rehabilitation Borealis: the Canadian Dataverse Repository 2022 10.5683\/SP3\/ZGF60T"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0099|cit99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14288\/1.0368505","volume-title":"Optimizing Stroke Rehabilitation: Determining the Therapeutic Dose and Intensity to Maximize Walking and Functional Recovery Early after Stroke [thesis]","author":"Klassen","year":"2018"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0100|cit100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/pzz159","article-title":"Factors influencing the delivery of intensive rehabilitation in stroke: patient perceptions versus rehabilitation therapist perceptions","volume":"100","author":"Janssen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Physical Therapy"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0101|cit101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/pzy018","article-title":"Delivering intensive rehabilitation in stroke: factors influencing implementation","volume":"98","author":"Connell","year":"2018","journal-title":"Physical Therapy"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0102|cit102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2236510","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2022.36510","article-title":"Effect of exercise training or complex mental and social activities on cognitive function in adults with chronic stroke: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"5","author":"Liu-Ambrose","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA Network Open"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0103|cit103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e021490","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2018-021490","article-title":"Study protocol for Vitality: a proof-of-concept randomised controlled trial of exercise training or complex mental and social activities to promote cognition in adults with chronic stroke","volume":"8","author":"Best","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0104|cit104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"zsz040","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/zsz040","article-title":"Sleep and cognitive function in chronic stroke: a comparative cross-sectional study","volume":"42","author":"Falck","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0105|cit105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Falck RS Stein RG Davis JC Eng JJ Middleton LE Hall PA Sleep moderates the effects of exercise on cognition in chronic stroke: secondary analysis of a randomized trial MedRxiv: the Preprint Server for Health Sciences 2024 2024 01 10.1101\/2024.01.16.24301392","DOI":"10.1101\/2024.01.16.24301392"},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0106|cit106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6589","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12206589","article-title":"Enhancing cardiovascular health and functional recovery in stroke survivors: a randomized controlled trial of stroke-specific and cardiac rehabilitation protocols for optimized rehabilitation","volume":"12","author":"Rizvi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Medicine"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0107|cit107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"276-87","DOI":"10.1177\/0269215520954346","article-title":"Effects on walking performance and lower body strength by short message service guided training after stroke or transient ischemic attack (The STROKEWALK Study): a randomized controlled trial","volume":"35","author":"Vahlberg","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clinical Rehabilitation"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0108|cit108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e078180","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2023-078180","article-title":"Factors associated with changes in walking performance in individuals 3 months after stroke or TIA: secondary analyses from a randomised controlled trial of SMS-delivered training instructions in Sweden","volume":"14","author":"Vahlberg","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0109|cit109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmedr.2018.05.016","article-title":"Protocol and pilot study of a short message service-guided training after acute stroke\/transient ischemic attack to increase walking capacity and physical activity","volume":"11","author":"Vahlberg","year":"2018","journal-title":"Preventive Medicine Reports"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0110|cit110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e054851","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2021-054851","article-title":"Potential effects on cardiometabolic risk factors and body composition by short message service (SMS)-guided training after recent minor stroke or transient ischaemic attack: post hoc analyses of the STROKEWALK randomised controlled trial","volume":"11","author":"Vahlberg","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0111|cit111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2055","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.29.10.2055","article-title":"A randomized, controlled pilot study of a home-based exercise program for individuals with mild and moderate stroke","volume":"29","author":"Duncan","year":"1998","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0112|cit112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1109","DOI":"10.3109\/02699052.2014.910700","article-title":"Is hydrokinesitherapy effective on gait and balance in patients with stroke? A clinical and baropodometric investigation","volume":"28","author":"Furnari","year":"2014","journal-title":"Brain Injury"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0113|cit113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1177\/1545968314562116","article-title":"Effects of community exercise therapy on metabolic, brain, physical, and cognitive function following stroke: a randomized controlled pilot trial","volume":"29","author":"Moore","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair"},{"issue":"Suppl 4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0114|cit114","first-page":"32","article-title":"Effects of exercise therapy on metabolic risk factors, brain atrophy and cerebral blood flow following stroke: a randomised controlled trial","volume":"9","author":"Moore","year":"2014","journal-title":"International Journal of Stroke"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0115|cit115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"596","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2015.12.018","article-title":"Exercise induces peripheral muscle but not cardiac output adaptations after stroke. A randomised controlled pilot trial","volume":"97","author":"Moore","year":"2016","journal-title":"Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0116|cit116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"612","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-9993(93)90159-8","article-title":"Task-specific physical therapy for optimization of gait recovery in acute stroke patients","volume":"74","author":"Richards","year":"1993","journal-title":"Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0117|cit117","first-page":"27","article-title":"A randomized controlled trial comparing early and intensive task-specific therapy to conventional therapy in acute stroke patients","volume":"7","author":"Malouin","year":"1993","journal-title":"Canadian Journal of Rehabilitation"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0118|cit118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1648","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyad064","article-title":"Key considerations for designing, conducting and analysing a cluster randomized trial","volume":"52","author":"Hemming","year":"2023","journal-title":"International Journal of Epidemiology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0119|cit119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100550","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bj.2022.07.004","article-title":"Recovery of walking ability in stroke patients through postacute care rehabilitation","volume":"46","author":"Chu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomedical Journal"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0120|cit120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e45","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0838.2011.01412.x","article-title":"Comparison of strength development with resistance training and combined exercise training in type 2 diabetes","volume":"22","author":"Larose","year":"2012","journal-title":"Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0121|cit121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3742","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.114.004311","article-title":"Physical activity and exercise after stroke: review of multiple meaningful benefits","volume":"45","author":"Saunders","year":"2014","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0122|cit122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"c332","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.c332","article-title":"CONSORT 2010 Statement: updated guidelines for reporting parallel group randomised trials","volume":"340","author":"Schulz","year":"2010","journal-title":"BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.)"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0123|cit123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e00668","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2014-006682","article-title":"Standardised method for reporting exercise programmes: protocol for a modified Delphi study","volume":"4","author":"Slade","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0124|cit124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012996","article-title":"Interventions for reducing sedentary behaviour in people with stroke","author":"Saunders","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0125|cit125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"892","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2007.01185.x","article-title":"Stroke: a randomised trial of exercise or relaxation","volume":"55","author":"Mead","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of the American Geriatrics Society"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0126|cit126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mead GE Greig CA Cunningham I Lewis SJ Dinan S Saunders DH Stroke: a randomised trial of exercise or relaxation UK Stroke Forum Conference 4-6 December 2007 Harrogate, UK The Stroke Association 2007","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2007.01185.x"},{"issue":"7503","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0127|cit127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1337","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.330.7503.1337","article-title":"Exercise or relaxation after stroke?","volume":"330","author":"Mead","year":"2005","journal-title":"BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.)"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0128|cit128","volume-title":"Exercise and Fitness Training after Stroke: a Handbook for Evidence-Based Practice","author":"Mead","year":"2013"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0129|cit129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1177\/1545968309343216","article-title":"Efficacy of functional strength training on restoration of lower-limb motor function early after stroke: phase I randomized controlled trial","volume":"24","author":"Cooke","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0130|cit130","unstructured":"Cooke E Tallis R Pomeroy V The effects of different intensity of exercise-based physiotherapy on motor recovery in the lower limb after stroke: a meta-analysis UK Stroke Forum Conference 4-6 December 2007 The Stroke Association 2007"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0131|cit131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physio.2015.12.006","article-title":"Functional strength training and movement performance therapy produce analogous improvement in sit-to-stand early after stroke: early-phase randomised controlled trial","volume":"103","author":"Kerr","year":"2017","journal-title":"Physiotherapy"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0132|cit132","first-page":"129","article-title":"The effects of type and intensity of physiotherapy on lower limb strength and function after stroke","volume":"23 Suppl 2","author":"Cooke","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cerebrovascular Diseases (Basel, Switzerland)"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0133|cit133","first-page":"104","article-title":"The effects of functional strength training on lower limb strength and function after stroke","volume":"21 Suppl 4","author":"Cooke","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cerebrovascular Diseases (Basel, Switzerland)"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0134|cit134","first-page":"45","article-title":"The effects of functional strength training on lower limb strength and function after stroke","volume":"25 Suppl 2","author":"Cooke","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cerebrovascular Diseases (Basel, Switzerland)"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0135|cit135","unstructured":"Cooke E Tallis R Miller S Pomeroy V The effects of functional strength training on lower limb strength and function after stroke UK Stroke Forum Conference 2006"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0136|cit136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e018409","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2017-018409","article-title":"Community-based rehabilitation training after stroke: results of a pilot randomised controlled trial (ReTrain) investigating acceptability and feasibility","volume":"8","author":"Dean","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0137|cit137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e012375","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2016-012375","article-title":"Community-based rehabilitation training after stroke: protocol of a pilot randomised controlled trial (ReTrain)","volume":"6","author":"Dean","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0138|cit138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e022175","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2018-022175","article-title":"Acceptability and experience of a functional training programme (ReTrain) in community-dwelling stroke survivors in South West England: a qualitative study","volume":"8","author":"Norris","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"4 Suppl 1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0139|cit139","first-page":"58","article-title":"The ReTrain trial: evaluating intervention fidelity via video analysis of the independently getting up off the floor (IGO) technique","volume":"11","author":"Hollands","year":"2016","journal-title":"International Journal of Stroke"},{"issue":"4 Suppl 1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0140|cit140","first-page":"13","article-title":"Community-based rehabilitation training after stroke (ReTrain): results of a pilot randomised control trial (RCT)","volume":"11","author":"Dean","year":"2016","journal-title":"International Journal of Stroke"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0141|cit141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2173","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000083699.95351.F2","article-title":"Randomized clinical trial of therapeutic exercise in subacute stroke","volume":"34","author":"Duncan","year":"2003","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0142|cit142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2006.00573.x","article-title":"Therapeutic exercise and depressive symptoms after stroke","volume":"54","author":"Lai","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of the American Geriatric Society"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0143|cit143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2006.00701.x","article-title":"Meaningful change and responsiveness in common physical performance measures in older adults","volume":"54","author":"Perera","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of the American Geriatrics Society"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0144|cit144","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2096","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.106.475921","article-title":"Improvements in speed-based gait classifications are meaningful","volume":"38","author":"Schmid","year":"2007","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0145|cit145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1764","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000174192.87887.70","article-title":"Daily functioning and quality of life in a randomized controlled trial of therapeutic exercise for subacute stroke survivors","volume":"36","author":"Studenski","year":"2005","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0146|cit146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.110.594689","article-title":"Family-mediated exercise intervention (FAME): evaluation of a novel form of exercise delivery after stroke","volume":"42","author":"Galvin","year":"2011","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0147|cit147","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1310\/tsr2101-63","article-title":"Family-mediated exercises (FAME): an exploration of participant's involvement in a novel form of exercise delivery after stroke","volume":"21","author":"Galvin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0148|cit148","volume-title":"Closed Kinetic Chain Training to Enhance Muscle Power, Control and Retrain Dynamic Balance under Task Specific Conditions Improves Functional Walking Ability in Chronic Stroke Survivors","author":"James","year":"2002"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0149|cit149","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1589\/jpts.28.169","article-title":"Clinical application of circuit training for subacute stroke patients: a preliminary study","volume":"28","author":"Kim","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Physical Therapy Science"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0150|cit150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5402","DOI":"10.12659\/MSM.904723","article-title":"Effects of an exercise protocol for improving handgrip strength and walking speed on cognitive function in patients with chronic stroke","volume":"23","author":"Kim","year":"2017","journal-title":"Medical Science Monitor"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0151|cit151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1057","DOI":"10.1177\/0269215518763","article-title":"Six hours of task-oriented training optimizes walking competency post stroke: a randomized controlled trial in the public health-care system of South Africa","volume":"32","author":"Knox","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clinical Rehabilitation"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0152|cit152","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1177\/0269215507075207","article-title":"Stroke patients and long-term training: is it worthwhile? A randomized comparison of two different training strategies after rehabilitation","volume":"21","author":"Langhammer","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clinical Rehabilitation"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0153|cit153","unstructured":"Langhammer B Lindmark B Stanghelle KJ Activity and exercise in a long perspective. A solution for chronic stroke patients? Stroke Rehab 2006. Evidence for Stroke Rehabilitation - Bridging into the Future Goteborg 2006"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0154|cit154","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rehab.2010.09.004","article-title":"Early post-stroke physical conditioning in hemiplegic patients: a preliminary study","volume":"53","author":"Letombe","year":"2010","journal-title":"Annals of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0155|cit155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1177\/1545968304269397","article-title":"The role of technology in task-oriented training in persons with subacute stroke: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"18","author":"Richards","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0156|cit156","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1589\/jpts.23.639","article-title":"Effects of combined exercise training on balance of hemiplegic stroke patients","volume":"23","author":"Shin","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Physical Therapy Science"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0157|cit157","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1211","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-9993(99)90018-7","article-title":"Muscle strengthening and physical conditioning to reduce impairment and disability in chronic stroke survivors","volume":"80","author":"Teixeira-Salmela","year":"1999","journal-title":"Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0158|cit158","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1080\/165019701750098867","article-title":"Effects of muscle strengthening and physical conditioning training on temporal, kinematic and kinetic variables during gait in chronic stroke survivors","volume":"33","author":"Teixeira-Salmela","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0159|cit159","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1016\/S0966-6362(98)90201-6","article-title":"The impact of a muscle strengthening and physical conditioning program on gait and stair climbing performance in chronic stroke subjects","volume":"7","author":"Teixeira","year":"1998","journal-title":"Gait & Posture"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0160|cit160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.3233\/NRE-2011-0636","article-title":"Feasibility, safety and efficacy of an early aerobic rehabilitation program for patients after minor ischemic stroke: a pilot randomized controlled trial","volume":"28","author":"Toledano-Zarhi","year":"2011","journal-title":"NeuroRehabilitation"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0161|cit161","first-page":"e2672","article-title":"Effects of circuit training as alternative to usual physiotherapy after stroke: randomised controlled trial","volume":"344","author":"Van de Port","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.)"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0162|cit162","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2377-9-43","article-title":"Cost-effectiveness of a structured progressive task-oriented circuit class training programme to enhance walking competency after stroke: the protocol of the FIT-Stroke trial","volume":"9","author":"Van der Port","year":"2009","journal-title":"BMC Neurology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0163|cit163","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1016\/S1836-9553(12)70129-7","article-title":"Group task-specific circuit training for patients discharged home after stroke may be as effective as individualised physiotherapy in improving mobility","volume":"58","author":"Dean","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Physiotherapy"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0164|cit164","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"860","DOI":"10.1177\/0269215506070701","article-title":"Task-oriented progressive resistance strength training improves muscle strength and functional performance in individuals with stroke","volume":"20","author":"Yang","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clinical Rehabilitation"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0165|cit165","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104498","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2019.104498","article-title":"Cardiorespiratory fitness, muscle strength, and walking capacity after stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"29","author":"Lee","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0166|cit166","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2019.06.015","article-title":"Exercise programs delivered according to guidelines improve mobility in people with stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"101","author":"Pogrebnoy","year":"2020","journal-title":"Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation"},{"issue":"21-22","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD016002-BIB0167|cit167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7677","DOI":"10.1111\/jocn.16853","article-title":"Effects of multicomponent exercise on quality of life, depression and anxiety among stroke survivors: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"32","author":"Song","year":"2023","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Nursing"}],"container-title":["Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T08:48:38Z","timestamp":1791535718000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/14651858.CD016002"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"name":"Cochrane Central Editorial Service","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,24]]},"references-count":167,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/14651858.cd016002","relation":{},"ISSN":["1465-1858"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1465-1858","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,24]]}}}