{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T06:57:36Z","timestamp":1790578656640,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790467200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790467200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Blood &amp;amp; Cancer"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>COVID\u201019 had a disproportionate impact on the health of individuals with sickle cell disease (SCD). While numerous studies have documented that patients with SCD were at increased risk for morbidity and mortality, limited research has examined its effects on social determinants of health (SDOH) among families of children with SCD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Procedure<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study was divided into two phases: early pandemic and late pandemic. Caregivers completed surveys about food insecurity, housing, and employment status.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Fifty\u2010nine caregivers were surveyed during the early pandemic period; 61 were surveyed during the late pandemic period. Caregivers were significantly more likely to report food insecurity in the late pandemic period as compared to the early pandemic period (OR = 4.47; 95% CI = 1.20, 20.46). Those with lower monthly income ($1000\u20131999) were more likely to report food insecurity, as compared to caregivers within the monthly income range of $4000 or more. Caregivers who were born outside the United States and who had lower income were significantly more likely to report food insecurity as compared to caregivers who were born in the United States or had an income within the range of $4000. No significant differences were noted between the two periods in terms of housing, employment, or financial insecurity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We found significant associations between demographic characteristics and SDOH. While some aspects of food insecurity worsened during the late pandemic, others improved. We did not observe significant changes in housing or employment insecurity across pandemic periods, potentially suggesting either resilience or sustained hardship.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/1545-5017.70704","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T06:41:36Z","timestamp":1790577696000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Comparing Social Determinants of Health Across Early and Late Phases of the COVID\u201019 Pandemic in Pediatric Sickle Cell Disease"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4145-5354","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lisa","family":"Thaniel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology Children's National Hospital  Washington District of Columbia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4516-8184","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Barbara","family":"Speller\u2010Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology Children's National Hospital  Washington District of Columbia USA"},{"name":"The George Washington School of Medicine and Health Sciences  Washington District of Columbia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0491-4980","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Steven J.","family":"Hardy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology Children's National Hospital  Washington District of Columbia USA"},{"name":"The George Washington School of Medicine and Health Sciences  Washington District of Columbia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7723-8936","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Olufunke","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Hematology\u2010Oncology, Children's Medical Center, Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center  Dallas Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6658-334X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pallavi","family":"Dwivedi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Biostatistics and Study Methodology Children's National Hospital  Washington District of Columbia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brenda","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology Children's National Hospital  Washington District of Columbia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christina","family":"Augustin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MD Medical Group  Houston Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0698-2936","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Deepika S.","family":"Darbari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology Children's National Hospital  Washington District of Columbia USA"},{"name":"The George Washington School of Medicine and Health Sciences  Washington District of Columbia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8829-0043","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrew","family":"Campbell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology Children's National Hospital  Washington District of Columbia USA"},{"name":"The George Washington School of Medicine and Health Sciences  Washington District of Columbia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2023.07.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2023012379"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/emp2.12191"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.30089"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.31478"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21801"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.28006"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.30539"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jscdis\/yoaf019"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352\u20103026(23)00185\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/heq.2023.0147"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jan.12756"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.24184"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913\u2010024\u201010717\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0033354919881438"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2023.987194","article-title":"Clinical Outcomes of Children and Adolescents With Sickle Cell Disease and COVID\u201019 Infection: A Year in Review at a Metropolitan Tertiary Pediatric Hospital","volume":"10","author":"Martin O. Y.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2021\u2010053418"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2021004288"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","volume-title":"Inflation Since the Pandemic: Lessons and Challenges","author":"Hajdini I.","year":"2025"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","volume-title":"Fiscal Policy and Excess Inflation During Covid\u201019: A Cross\u2010country View, FEDS Notes","author":"Fran\u00e7ois D. S.","year":"2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14423\/SMJ.0000000000001082"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.29463"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2025.108123"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213\u20102600(20)30234\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40615\u2010024\u201002182\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2018.00207"}],"container-title":["Pediatric Blood &amp; Cancer"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/1545-5017.70704","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/1545-5017.70704","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/1545-5017.70704","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T06:41:37Z","timestamp":1790577697000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/1545-5017.70704"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]]},"references-count":26,"alternative-id":["10.1002\/1545-5017.70704"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/1545-5017.70704","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1545-5009","1545-5017"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1545-5009","type":"print"},{"value":"1545-5017","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-06-23","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-09-04","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-09-27","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70704"}}