{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T07:05:22Z","timestamp":1790665522312,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790553600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790553600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Blood &amp;amp; Cancer"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background\/Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Education of pediatric and adolescent patients with cancer and their families, regarding the malignancy, treatment plan, surgical plan, and risk for morbidities, is crucial. Physicians use imaging and drawings as visual aids to educate patients. However, it can be difficult for patients to understand radiological imaging. We aimed to assess the use of three\u2010dimensional (3D) reconstruction using virtual reality (VR) images of each patient's individual tumor to improve the quality of education during preoperative informed consent discussions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients with pediatric cancers and their parents from two institutions completed pre\u2010 and post\u2010test disease\u2010specific surveys after standard teaching and then after visualizing their tumor in VR. Survey questions included Likert scales, knowledge\u2010based, and open\u2010ended questions. The post\u2010test surveys also asked about their experience with VR as an educational modality.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Of participating families, 88.5% felt that VR should be used for all pre\u2010surgical consents, with the remainder of participants not answering the question. Likert\u2010scale ratings about VR education and free\u2010text comments were overall positive, and parents did not express distress when viewing the tumor in VR. Although families reported a better understanding of their child's cancer and planned surgery, answers to knowledge questions minimally increased.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Families expressed high satisfaction with the use of VR and thought it should be used for all consent discussions. Answers to knowledge questions minimally improved, which may indicate a high level of understanding prior to VR or question and discussion content disparities. However, families reported feeling an increased understanding and felt that VR provided a positive learning environment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/1545-5017.70717","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T06:41:08Z","timestamp":1790664068000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Individualized Patient Education Using Virtual Reality to Prepare Families for Solid Tumor Surgery in Pediatric Oncology"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7768-3044","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel J.","family":"Robertson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, OSF Healthcare Children's Hospital of Illinois University of Illinois College of Medicine  Peoria Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew M.","family":"Davidoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery St. Jude Children's Research Hospital  Memphis Tennessee USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beth","family":"Speckhart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Hematology Oncology OSF Healthcare Children's Hospital of Illinois  Peoria Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles J.","family":"Aprahamian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, OSF Healthcare Children's Hospital of Illinois University of Illinois College of Medicine  Peoria Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Jeziorczak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, OSF Healthcare Children's Hospital of Illinois University of Illinois College of Medicine  Peoria Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anthony","family":"Munaco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, OSF Healthcare Children's Hospital of Illinois University of Illinois College of Medicine  Peoria Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-5688-8229","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Prerna","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology Oncology, Department of Pediatrics University of Illinois College of Medicine  Peoria Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9621-5115","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brinda","family":"Mehta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology Oncology, Department of Pediatrics University of Illinois College of Medicine  Peoria Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0552-6947","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amber","family":"D'Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology Oncology, Department of Pediatrics University of Illinois College of Medicine  Peoria Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-2497-9035","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eric","family":"Bugaieski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Radiology, OSF Healthcare Children's Hospital of Illinois University of Illinois College of Medicine  Peoria Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7875-1187","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zachary","family":"Abramson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology St. Jude Children's Research Hospital  Memphis Tennessee USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chris","family":"Goode","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology St. Jude Children's Research Hospital  Memphis Tennessee USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sadie Lynn","family":"Love","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology St. Jude Children's Research Hospital  Memphis Tennessee USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marisa","family":"Ascencio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry University of Iowa  Iowa City Iowa USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Ruehlmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine University of Iowa  Iowa City Iowa USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2635-4785","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Collins","family":"Odhiambo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics University of Illinois College of Medicine at Peoria  Peoria Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bhakti","family":"Dixit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, OSF Healthcare Children's Hospital of Illinois University of Illinois College of Medicine  Peoria Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bryan","family":"Bander","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics University of Illinois College of Medicine at Peoria  Peoria Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew","family":"Bramlet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Cardiology University of Illinois College of Medicine  Peoria Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5856-0180","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jaime","family":"Libes\u2010Bander","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Hematology\u2010Oncology Orlando Health Arnold Palmer Hospital for Children  Orlando Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/cpb.2006.9.20"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-200210000-00008","article-title":"Virtual Reality Training Improves Operating Room 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C.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Pediatric Oncology Nursing"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.24831"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","unstructured":"M.Erickson \u201cVirtual Reality System Helps Surgeons Reassures Patients \u201d2017 https:\/\/med.stanford.edu\/news\/all\u2010news\/2017\/07\/virtual\u2010reality\u2010system\u2010helps\u2010surgeons\u2010reassures\u2010patients.html."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2023.1092007"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13216567"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2021.35576"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmn.2022.12.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.29608"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ons\/opaa416"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen\u20102019\u2010029483"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0000000000009794"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/scd.12720"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2011.12.004","article-title":"Mental Visualization of Objects From Cross\u2010Sectional Images","volume":"123","author":"Wu B.","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cognition"}],"container-title":["Pediatric Blood &amp; Cancer"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/1545-5017.70717","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/1545-5017.70717","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/1545-5017.70717","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T06:41:10Z","timestamp":1790664070000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/1545-5017.70717"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]]},"references-count":17,"alternative-id":["10.1002\/1545-5017.70717"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/1545-5017.70717","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1545-5009","1545-5017"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1545-5009","type":"print"},{"value":"1545-5017","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-03-01","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-09-09","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-09-28","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70717"}}