{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T09:35:05Z","timestamp":1777628105970,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773014400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773014400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ther Apher Dial"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Preventing catheter\n                      <jats:bold>\u2010<\/jats:bold>\n                      related infection (CRI) and peritonitis remains a challenge in peritoneal dialysis (PD). This study assessed whether showering without covering the catheter exit site increases CRI risk.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This single\u2010center retrospective cohort study was conducted between January 2019 and December 2022, and included all patients who were receiving PD at the beginning of the study or initiated PD during the study period. Participants were classified into two groups: those who covered the exit site with waterproof dressings during showering (dressing group), and those who took showers with the exit site uncovered (uncovered group). The primary outcome was CRI\u2010free catheter survival; the secondary outcome was catheter\u2010related peritonitis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Of 188 eligible patients, 42 were excluded. Among the remaining 146, 54 were in the dressing group and 92 in the uncovered group. The mean age was 70.4\u2009\u00b1\u200911.1\u2009years and 63.3\u2009\u00b1\u200912.9\u2009years, respectively; 59% and 72% were male. CRI occurred in 29 patients in the dressing group and 76 patients in the uncovered group. The uncovered group had a significantly higher risk of CRI by the log\u2010rank test (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.01). In a multivariate Cox proportional\u2010hazards model adjusted for potential confounders, uncovered showering remained an independent predictor of CRI (hazard ratio 2.29; 95% confidence interval 1.40\u20133.76;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.01), along with a history of prior CRI. No cases of catheter\u2010related peritonitis occurred in either group.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Showering without covering the exit site is associated with an increased risk of CRI in PD patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/1744-9987.70132","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T23:19:46Z","timestamp":1773098386000},"page":"397-402","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Exposure to Shower Water Without Dressings Is Associated With Increased Risk of Catheter\u2010Related Infection in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-7448-6642","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shingo","family":"Urate","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology Japanese Red Cross Medical Center  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ayaka","family":"Kaihara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology Japanese Red Cross Medical Center  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chiaki","family":"Kasahara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology Japanese Red Cross Medical Center  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuka","family":"Inaba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology Japanese Red Cross Medical Center  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tomoki","family":"Sato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology Japanese Red Cross Medical Center  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ryoichi","family":"Shirai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology Japanese Red Cross Medical Center  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shugo","family":"Doi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology Japanese Red Cross Medical Center  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hirotoshi","family":"Kakiwaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology Japanese Red Cross Medical Center  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rena","family":"Sumura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology Japanese Red Cross Medical Center  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mai","family":"Yanagi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology Japanese Red Cross Medical Center  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Satoshi","family":"Kinugasa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology Japanese Red Cross Medical Center  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kiyotaka","family":"Uchiyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology Japanese Red Cross Medical Center  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoshitaka","family":"Ishibashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology Japanese Red Cross Medical Center  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/089686080602600602"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.00980112"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","first-page":"279","article-title":"ISPD Peritonitis Guideline Recommendations: 2022 Update on Prevention and Treatment","volume":"43","author":"Li P. K.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Peritoneal Dialysis International"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfy204"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/089686089301302S77"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0908446106"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/08968608211055290"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/08968608231172740"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5414\/CN110440"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/08968608241270296"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9681(87)90171-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/bmt.2012.244"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jan.14751"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0896860819886965"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3747\/pdi.2012.00065"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.34067\/KID.0000000577"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens4020373"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/lambio\/ovad090"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nep.13813"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s41100-021-00348-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3747\/pdi.2011.00184"}],"container-title":["Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/1744-9987.70132","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/1744-9987.70132","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/1744-9987.70132","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T01:31:33Z","timestamp":1777426293000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/1744-9987.70132"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/1744-9987.70132"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/1744-9987.70132","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1744-9979","1744-9987"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1744-9979","type":"print"},{"value":"1744-9987","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-10-27","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-02-23","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-03-09","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}