{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T01:02:35Z","timestamp":1790643755234,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790553600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790553600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ther Apher Dial"],"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n Introduction<\/jats:title>\n Extracorporeal photopheresis (ECP) is an established immunomodulatory therapy for graft\u2010versus\u2010host disease (GVHD) and cutaneous T\u2010cell lymphoma and is increasingly investigated for immune\u2010related adverse events (irAEs). However, its collaborative networks, thematic evolution, and translational evidence gaps remain poorly characterized.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n We analyzed 1268 ECP publications from the Web of Science Core Collection (1995\u20132024) using bibliometric analysis and Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) topic modeling. Studies published after the search cutoff were considered only for clinical context.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n The United States, Germany, and Italy led publication output. Mann\u2013Kendall analysis identified a significant change point around 2015. LDA revealed six thematic domains: early research emphasized dermatologic applications and solid organ rejection, whereas recent work shifted toward acute GVHD management and immunoregulatory mechanisms. Topic 6 captured mechanistic research on apoptosis and regulatory T\u2010cell\u2013mediated immune tolerance. Contextual prospective evidence in GVHD and irAEs suggested corticosteroid\u2010sparing activity and generally favorable tolerability, but was limited by small cohorts, heterogeneous schedules and endpoints, and few randomized comparisons.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n ECP has evolved into a broader immunomodulatory platform, whereas its use for irAEs remains investigational. Future research should prioritize multicenter randomized trials, pediatric\u2010specific protocols, predictive biomarkers, long\u2010term tumor\u2010control follow\u2010up in irAEs, and health\u2010economic evaluation.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/1744-9987.70228","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T00:17:14Z","timestamp":1790641034000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The Evolving Landscape of Extracorporeal Photopheresis in Immunotherapy: A Comprehensive Bibliometric and Topic Modeling Analysis (1995\u20132024)"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-0755-4265","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yunhong","family":"Yu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Blood Transfusion Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, the Third People's Hospital of Chengdu Chengdu Sichuan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yonghe","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Transfusion Medicine Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital Chengdu Sichuan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meihua","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health Anhui Medical University Hefei China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shunlin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Blood Transfusion Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, the Third People's Hospital of Chengdu Chengdu Sichuan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Blood Transfusion Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, the Third People's Hospital of Chengdu Chengdu Sichuan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8173-9656","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhong","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Transfusion Research Center Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College Chengdu Sichuan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ling","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Blood Transfusion Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, the Third People's Hospital of Chengdu Chengdu Sichuan China"},{"name":"School of Public Health Anhui Medical University Hefei China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1371554","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1371554","article-title":"The Value of Extracorporeal Photopheresis as an Immunosuppression\u2010Modifying Approach in Solid Organ Transplantation: A Potential Solution to an Unmet Medical Need","volume":"15","author":"Augusto J. F.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Frontiers in Immunology"},{"issue":"22","key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2167","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1609337","article-title":"Acute Graft\u2010Versus\u2010Host Disease \u2010 Biologic Process, Prevention, and Therapy","volume":"377","author":"Zeiser R.","year":"2017","journal-title":"New England Journal of Medicine"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2079","DOI":"10.1038\/s41409-021-01389-5","article-title":"Steroid\u2010Refractory Chronic Graft\u2010Versus\u2010Host Disease: Treatment Options and Patient Management","volume":"56","author":"Wolff D.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplantation"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e147","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3026(23)00342-3","article-title":"Prophylaxis and Management of Graft\u2010Versus\u2010Host Disease After Stem\u2010Cell Transplantation for Haematological Malignancies: Updated Consensus Recommendations of the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation","volume":"11","author":"Penack O.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet Haematology"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1111\/tme.13156","article-title":"Extracorporeal Photopheresis\u2010New Insights Into an Old Procedure","volume":"36","author":"Seiffert S.","year":"2026","journal-title":"Transfusion Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2018.00236","article-title":"Extracorporeal Photopheresis\u2010An Overview","volume":"5","author":"Cho A.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Frontiers in Medicine"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.12311","article-title":"Guidelines on the Use of Extracorporeal Photopheresis","volume":"28","author":"Knobler R.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"638","DOI":"10.1097\/TP.0000000000005201","article-title":"Extracorporeal Photopheresis Enhances the Frequency and Function of Highly Suppressive FoxP3 + Treg Subsets in Heart Transplanted Individuals","volume":"109","author":"Mottola M.","year":"2025","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"issue":"11","key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2675","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2023012463","article-title":"Extracorporeal Photopheresis as a Promising Strategy for the Treatment of Graft\u2010Versus\u2010Host Disease After CAR T\u2010Cell Therapy","volume":"8","author":"Han H.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Blood Advances"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1696862","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2025.1696862","article-title":"The Efficacy of Extracorporeal Photopheresis in the Treatment of Steroid Refractory Acute Graft\u2010Versus\u2010Host Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta\u2010Analysis","volume":"16","author":"Muhanna Z.","year":"2025","journal-title":"Frontiers in Immunology"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103899","DOI":"10.1016\/j.transci.2024.103899","article-title":"Second Line Extracorporeal Photopheresis for Cortico\u2010Resistant Acute and Chronic GVHD After Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation for Hematological Malignancies: Long\u2010Term Results From a Real\u2010Life Study","volume":"63","author":"Michallet M.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Transfusion and Apheresis Science"},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1279","DOI":"10.3390\/ph17101279","article-title":"Safety and Efficacy of Extracorporeal Photopheresis for Acute and Chronic Graft\u2010Versus\u2010Host Disease","volume":"17","author":"Gavriilaki E.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Pharmaceuticals (Basel)"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198702053160603","article-title":"Treatment of Cutaneous T\u2010Cell Lymphoma by Extracorporeal Photochemotherapy. 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The Utility of Extracorporeal Photopheresis in Lung Transplantation","volume":"65","author":"Gottlieb J.","year":"2025","journal-title":"European Respiratory Journal"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104095","DOI":"10.1016\/j.transci.2025.104095","article-title":"Mononuclear Cell Recruitment During Extracorporeal Photopheresis: Partial Results of a Phase 1\/2 Randomized Clinical Trial in Multiple Sclerosis","volume":"64","author":"Castillo\u2010Aleman Y. 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T.","year":"2000","journal-title":"Blood"}],"container-title":["Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/1744-9987.70228","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/1744-9987.70228","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/1744-9987.70228","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T00:17:20Z","timestamp":1790641040000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/1744-9987.70228"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]]},"references-count":46,"alternative-id":["10.1002\/1744-9987.70228"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/1744-9987.70228","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1744-9979","1744-9987"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1744-9979","type":"print"},{"value":"1744-9987","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-08-05","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-09-21","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-09-28","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"1744-9987.70228"}}