{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T13:14:26Z","timestamp":1789478066409,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,23]],"date-time":"2020-06-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1592870400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,23]],"date-time":"2020-06-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1592870400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004622","name":"KWF Kankerbestrijding","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UVA\u20102013.5932"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UVA\u20102013.5932"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004622","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["febs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Molecular Oncology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Patient stratification based on biological variation in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) subtypes could help to improve clinical outcome. However, noninvasive assessment of the entire tumor microenvironment remains challenging. In this study, we investigate the biological basis of dynamic contrast\u2010enhanced (DCE), intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM), and R2*\u2010derived magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) parameters for the noninvasive characterization of the PDAC tumor microenvironment and evaluate their prognostic potential in PDAC patients. Patients diagnosed with treatment\u2010na\u00efve resectable PDAC underwent MRI. After resection, a whole\u2010mount tumor slice was analyzed for collagen fraction, vessel density, and hypoxia and matched to the MRI parameter maps. MRI parameters were correlated to immunohistochemistry\u2010derived tissue characteristics and evaluated for prognostic potential. Thirty patients were included of whom 21 underwent resection with whole\u2010mount histology available in 15 patients. DCE\n                    <jats:italic>K<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sup>trans<\/jats:sup>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>v<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>e<\/jats:sub>\n                    , ADC, and IVIM\n                    <jats:italic>D<\/jats:italic>\n                    correlated with collagen fraction. DCE\n                    <jats:italic>k<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>ep<\/jats:sub>\n                    and IVIM\n                    <jats:italic>f<\/jats:italic>\n                    correlated with vessel density and R2* with tissue hypoxia. Based on MRI, two main PDAC phenotypes could be distinguished; a stroma\u2010high phenotype demonstrating high vessel density and high collagen fraction and a stroma\u2010low phenotype demonstrating low vessel density and low collagen fraction. Patients with the stroma\u2010high phenotype (high\n                    <jats:italic>k<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>ep<\/jats:sub>\n                    and high IVIM\n                    <jats:italic>D<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a08) showed longer overall survival (not reached vs. 14\u00a0months,\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a00.001, HR\u00a0=\u00a09.1,\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a00.004) and disease\u2010free survival (not reached vs. 2\u00a0months,\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001, HR 9.3,\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a00.003) compared to the other patients (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a022). Median follow\u2010up was 41 (95% CI: 36\u201346) months. MRI was able to accurately characterize tumor collagen fraction, vessel density, and hypoxia in PDAC. Based on imaging parameters, a subgroup of patients with significantly better prognosis could be identified. These first results indicate that stratification\u2010based MRI\u2010derived biomarkers could help to tailor treatment and improve clinical outcome and warrant further research.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/1878-0261.12688","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,13]],"date-time":"2020-04-13T21:07:01Z","timestamp":1586812021000},"page":"2176-2189","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["Pathological validation and prognostic potential of quantitative MRI in the characterization of pancreas cancer: preliminary experience"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8706-5605","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Remy","family":"Klaassen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology Cancer Center Amsterdam Amsterdam UMC University of Amsterdam The Netherlands"},{"name":"Laboratory for Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine Cancer Center Amsterdam Amsterdam UMC University of Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1493-4325","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anne","family":"Steins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology Cancer Center Amsterdam Amsterdam UMC University of Amsterdam The Netherlands"},{"name":"Laboratory for Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine Cancer Center Amsterdam Amsterdam UMC University of Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oliver J.","family":"Gurney\u2010Champion","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology &amp; Nuclear Medicine Cancer Center Amsterdam Amsterdam UMC University of Amsterdam The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology Cancer Center Amsterdam Amsterdam UMC University of Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maarten F.","family":"Bijlsma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine Cancer Center Amsterdam Amsterdam UMC University of Amsterdam The Netherlands"},{"name":"Oncode Institute Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Geertjan","family":"van Tienhoven","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology Cancer Center Amsterdam Amsterdam UMC University of Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marc R. W.","family":"Engelbrecht","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology &amp; Nuclear Medicine Cancer Center Amsterdam Amsterdam UMC University of Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Casper H. J.","family":"van Eijck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mustafa","family":"Suker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johanna W.","family":"Wilmink","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology Cancer Center Amsterdam Amsterdam UMC University of Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marc G.","family":"Besselink","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery Cancer Center Amsterdam Amsterdam UMC University of Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olivier R.","family":"Busch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery Cancer Center Amsterdam Amsterdam UMC University of Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Onno J.","family":"de Boer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Cancer Center Amsterdam Amsterdam UMC University of Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marc J.","family":"van de Vijver","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Cancer Center Amsterdam Amsterdam UMC University of Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gerrit K. J.","family":"Hooijer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Cancer Center Amsterdam Amsterdam UMC University of Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joanne","family":"Verheij","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Cancer Center Amsterdam Amsterdam UMC University of Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jaap","family":"Stoker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology &amp; Nuclear Medicine Cancer Center Amsterdam Amsterdam UMC University of Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aart J.","family":"Nederveen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology &amp; Nuclear Medicine Cancer Center Amsterdam Amsterdam UMC University of Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3546-9709","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hanneke W. 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