{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T00:26:09Z","timestamp":1787444769561,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":113,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,24]],"date-time":"2025-05-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748044800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013342","name":"NIHR Imperial Biomedical Research Centre","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013342","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007568","name":"Urology Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P56145"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P56145"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007568","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000892","name":"Prostate Cancer Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000892","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000771","name":"Prostate Cancer UK","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PG14\u2010038"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PG14\u2010038"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000771","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["febs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Molecular Oncology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Castrate\u2010resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) is a likely outcome of hormone treatment for advanced prostate cancer. Although no longer dependent on androgen levels, CRPC remains driven by the androgen receptor (AR). One proposed progression mechanism is altered repertoires of coregulator proteins possessing the ability to alter AR activity. Increased expression of tripartite motif\u2010containing 24 (\n                    <jats:italic>TRIM24<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) and\n                    <jats:italic>TRIM28<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2014two members of a distinct bromodomain\u2010containing subfamily of Tripartite motif (TRIM) coregulators\u2014occurs in CRPC. Endogenous TRIM24 and TRIM28 interact with each other and AR, bind to chromatin and regulate genes such as the angiogenic factor vascular endothelial growth factor A (\n                    <jats:italic>VEGFA<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) and oncogene\n                    <jats:italic>MYC<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Silencing of\n                    <jats:italic>TRIM24<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>TRIM28<\/jats:italic>\n                    simultaneously, but not either alone, sensitised CRPC model cell lines to the antiandrogen enzalutamide and bicalutamide. This re\u2010sensitisation to antiandrogen therapeutics could then be reversed by addition of VEGF. Furthermore, both TRIM24 and TRIM28 expression associated with angiogenesis signatures in tumour samples, and conditioned media from TRIM24 and TRIM28\u2010silenced cancer cells inhibited endothelial cell proliferation and formation of vascular tube structures. Our data suggest that TRIM24 and TRIM28 proteins interact, in gene\u2010specific manners, to regulate AR activity, increase VEGF signalling and angiogenesis, and that targeting these coregulators may increase the effectiveness of antiandrogen therapy.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/1878-0261.70065","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,24]],"date-time":"2025-05-24T04:59:56Z","timestamp":1748062796000},"page":"2797-2821","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Simultaneous inhibition of\n                    <scp>TRIM24<\/scp>\n                    and\n                    <scp>TRIM28<\/scp>\n                    sensitises prostate cancer cells to antiandrogen therapy, decreasing\n                    <scp>VEGF<\/scp>\n                    signalling and angiogenesis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3203-9826","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Damien A.","family":"Leach","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cancer, Imperial Centre for Translational &amp; Experimental Medicine Imperial College London  UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nilesh","family":"Chatterjee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cancer, Imperial Centre for Translational &amp; Experimental Medicine Imperial College London  UK"},{"name":"St George's University of London  UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kellie","family":"Spahr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Michigan  Ann Arbor MI USA"},{"name":"University of Pittsburgh  PA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gilberto Serrano","family":"de Almeida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cancer, Imperial Centre for Translational &amp; Experimental Medicine Imperial College London  UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anabel","family":"Varela\u2010Carver","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cancer, Imperial Centre for Translational &amp; Experimental Medicine Imperial College London  UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taimur T.","family":"Shah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Imperial Urology, Division of Surgery Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust  London UK"},{"name":"Imperial Prostate, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine Imperial College London  UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mathias","family":"Winkler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Imperial Urology, Division of Surgery Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust  London UK"},{"name":"Imperial Prostate, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine Imperial College London  UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hashim U.","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Imperial Urology, Division of Surgery Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust  London UK"},{"name":"Imperial Prostate, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine Imperial College London  UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7533-0552","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Charlotte L.","family":"Bevan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cancer, Imperial Centre for Translational &amp; Experimental Medicine Imperial College London  UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a030452"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","first-page":"153","article-title":"A profile of enzalutamide for the treatment of advanced castration resistant prostate cancer","volume":"7","author":"Greasley R","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cancer Manag Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-77055-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2007-0019"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2013.01.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/EO-22-0065"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/ERC-16-0422"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-417197-8.00011-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers9030022"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc3139"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","first-page":"135","article-title":"TRIM proteins and diseases","volume":"161","author":"Watanabe M","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Biochem"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40164-022-00322-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1101544108"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.973302"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1608319113"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbamcr.2009.11.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1460-2075.1996.tb00339.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","first-page":"699","article-title":"The transcription intermediary factor 1beta coactivates the androgen receptor","volume":"36","author":"Van Tilborgh N","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Endocrinol Invest"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0101040"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cbic.202000787"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature09542"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2016.04.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gku413"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M112.380865"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-07475-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkz286"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1308587110"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.3873"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11125"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2015.07.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI66666"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkq405"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.3930"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.4070"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms9219"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkw983"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12859-016-1274-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2013.150"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btz931"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2011.02.034"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccr.2006.09.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccr.2012.11.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1878-0261.12354"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1535\u20107163.MCT\u201018\u20100037"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0071694"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_47_1","first-page":"2809","article-title":"A novel role for GSK3beta as a modulator of Drosha microprocessor activity and MicroRNA biogenesis","volume":"45","author":"Fletcher CE","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymeth.2009.03.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2164-14-232"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.26508\/lsa.201800115"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkad1069"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/gb-2011-12-8-r83"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature10730"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-61779-376-9_12"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2014.01.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41388-018-0294-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pros.23259"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-67289-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocel.2015.09.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1902651116"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccr.2010.05.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4161\/trns.2.5.17725"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41389-017-0007-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-09672-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature09504"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers9040032"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7150\/jca.34859"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7314\/APJCP.2014.15.19.8177"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41388-019-0768-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0063563"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.1769609"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1541-7786.MCR-21-0780"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1124\/mol.114.097477"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-50220-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/2159-8290.CD-16-1174"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2017.06.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2017.05.049"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41589-018-0010-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jmedchem.5b00458"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-25650-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2022.114311"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2019.05.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-18-3776"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12672-015-0239-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_85_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajur.2019.09.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2015.07.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_87_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers12010051"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_88_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/pcan.2010.31"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_89_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1535-6108(03)00197-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_90_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2018.07.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_91_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467\u2010022\u201030257\u2010z"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_92_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2017.04.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_93_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41594-023-01021-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_94_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0813177106"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_95_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.01705-12"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_96_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41418\u2010020\u201000701\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_97_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2006.10.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_98_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.emboj.7600791"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_99_1","first-page":"3596","article-title":"MAGEA3 promotes proliferation and suppresses apoptosis in cervical cancer cells by inhibiting the KAP1\/p53 signaling pathway","volume":"12","author":"Gao X","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Transl Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_100_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mc.22853"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_101_1","first-page":"369","article-title":"TRIM24 siRNA induced cell apoptosis and reduced cell viability in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells","volume":"18","author":"Wang P","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mol Med Rep"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_102_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.202000186RRR"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_103_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1535-7163.MCT-15-0567"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_104_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/me.2013-1405"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_105_1","first-page":"157","article-title":"Activated androgen receptor accelerates angiogenesis in cutaneous neurofibroma by regulating VEGFA transcription","volume":"55","author":"Jia J","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Oncol"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_106_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng1855"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_107_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20112676"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_108_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41388-022-02333-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_109_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2015.65.3154"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_110_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13578-024-01289-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_111_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep42845"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_112_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/onc.2017.330"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_113_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature10006"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_114_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1004102"}],"container-title":["Molecular Oncology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/febs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/1878-0261.70065","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,18]],"date-time":"2025-11-18T08:24:55Z","timestamp":1763454295000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/febs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/1878-0261.70065"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,24]]},"references-count":113,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/1878-0261.70065"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/1878-0261.70065","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1574-7891","1878-0261"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1574-7891","type":"print"},{"value":"1878-0261","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-08-06","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-05-13","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-05-24","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}