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Specifically, the mechanism by which cardiac PCs constrict coronary capillaries remains undetermined. To gain insights into the function of cardiac PCs at the cellular level, we isolated NG2<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> PDGFR\u03b2<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> CD146<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> CD34<jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup> CD31<jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup> CD45<jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup> PCs for detailed characterization. Functionally, we provide evidence that these PCs increased transepithelial electrical resistance and decreased endothelial permeability. We show for the first time that this population of PCs express contractile proteins, are stimulated by adrenergic signaling, and demonstrate stereotypical contraction and relaxation. Furthermore, we also studied for the first time, the PCs in <jats:italic>in\u00a0vitro<\/jats:italic> models of disease. PCs in hypoxia activated the hypoxia\u2010inducible factor 1 alpha pathway, increased secretion of angiogenic factors, and caused cellular apoptosis. Supraphysiological levels of low\u2010density lipoprotein decreased PC proliferation and induced lipid droplet accumulation. Elevated glucose levels triggered a proinflammatory response. Taken together, our study characterizes cardiac PCs under <jats:italic>in\u00a0vitro<\/jats:italic> disease conditions and supports the hypothesis that cardiac PCs are key vasoactive cells that can regulate blood flow in the heart.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/2211-5463.13021","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,2]],"date-time":"2020-11-02T04:53:03Z","timestamp":1604292783000},"page":"207-225","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Cardiac pericytes function as key vasoactive cells to regulate homeostasis and disease"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7193-2460","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Linda L.","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiometabolic Disorders Amgen Research and Discovery Amgen Inc. 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