{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T12:02:47Z","timestamp":1792843367363,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,25]],"date-time":"2021-06-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1624579200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["febs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["FEBS Open Bio"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a long\u2010term noncommunicable inflammatory disease of the nasal mucosa mediated by immunoglobulin E and is mainly caused by exposure of genetically susceptible individuals to environmental allergens. Mast cells contribute to the pathogenesis of allergic and nonallergic inflammatory diseases. Salvinorin A has been previously shown to inhibit leukotriene production and mast cell degranulation to suppress airway hyperresponsiveness caused by sensitization; thus, we hypothesized that salvinorin A has an anti\u2010AR effect. We tested this hypothesis using monoclonal anti\u20102,4,6\u2010dinitrophenyl immunoglobulin E\/human serum albumin\u2010induced rat basophilic leukemia cells (RBL\u20102H3 cells) and ovalbumin (OVA)\u2010induced AR in mice as <jats:italic>in\u00a0vivo<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>in\u00a0vitro<\/jats:italic> AR models, respectively. The expression levels of histamine, \u03b2\u2010hexosaminidase, interleukin\u20104 and tumor necrosis factor\u2010\u03b1 were decreased by salvinorin A <jats:italic>in\u00a0vitro<\/jats:italic>. Granule release and F\u2010actin organization were also suppressed by salvinorin A. Furthermore, salvinorin A inhibited OVA\u2010induced features of AR in mice, including nasal rubbing and sneezing, as well as increased OVA\u2010specific immunoglobulin E, histamine, tumor necrosis factor\u2010\u03b1 and interleukin\u20104 levels. In addition, salvinorin A decreased the phosphorylation of phosphoinositide 3\u2010kinase\/Akt <jats:italic>in\u00a0vitro<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>in<\/jats:italic>\u00a0<jats:italic>vivo<\/jats:italic>. Our work suggests that salvinorin A suppresses AR caused by sensitization by inhibiting the inflammatory responses of mast cells; thus, salvinorin A may have potential for treatment of AR.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/2211-5463.13219","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,6]],"date-time":"2021-06-06T18:25:11Z","timestamp":1623003911000},"page":"2166-2173","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Salvinorin A inhibits ovalbumin\u2010stimulated allergic rhinitis and RBL\u20102H3 cells degranulation"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Qiyang","family":"Shou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University of Chinese Medicine Hangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tao","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine Department Zhejiang Provincial General 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