{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T01:54:28Z","timestamp":1784771668439,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,13]],"date-time":"2020-11-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1605225600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004189","name":"Max-Planck-Gesellschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004189","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010663","name":"H2020 European Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["834531"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["834531"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010663","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Advanced Intelligent Systems"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:label\/><jats:p>Wireless magnetic microrobots are envisioned to revolutionize minimally invasive medicine. While many promising medical magnetic microrobots are proposed, the ones using hard magnetic materials are not mostly biocompatible, and the ones using biocompatible soft magnetic nanoparticles are magnetically very weak and, therefore, difficult to actuate. Thus, biocompatible hard magnetic micro\/nanomaterials are essential toward easy\u2010to\u2010actuate and clinically viable 3D medical microrobots. To fill such crucial gap, this study proposes ferromagnetic and biocompatible iron platinum (FePt) nanoparticle\u2010based 3D microprinting of microrobots using the two\u2010photon polymerization technique. A modified one\u2010pot synthesis method is presented for producing FePt nanoparticles in large volumes and 3D printing of helical microswimmers made from biocompatible trimethylolpropane ethoxylate triacrylate (PETA) polymer with embedded FePt nanoparticles. The 30\u2009\u03bcm long helical magnetic microswimmers are able to swim at speeds of over five body lengths per second at 200\u2009Hz, making them the fastest helical swimmer in the tens of micrometer length scale at the corresponding low\u2010magnitude actuation fields of 5\u201310\u2009mT. It is also experimentally in vitro verified that the synthesized FePt nanoparticles are biocompatible. Thus, such 3D\u2010printed microrobots are biocompatible and easy to actuate toward creating clinically viable future medical microrobots.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/aisy.202000204","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,13]],"date-time":"2020-11-13T03:52:29Z","timestamp":1605239549000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":55,"title":["3D Microprinting of Iron Platinum Nanoparticle\u2010Based Magnetic Mobile Microrobots"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Joshua","family":"Giltinan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Physical Intelligence Department Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems  Stuttgart 70569 Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Varun","family":"Sridhar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physical Intelligence Department Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems  Stuttgart 70569 Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ugur","family":"Bozuyuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physical Intelligence Department Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems  Stuttgart 70569 Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Devin","family":"Sheehan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physical Intelligence Department Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems  Stuttgart 70569 Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8249-3854","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Metin","family":"Sitti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physical Intelligence Department Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems  Stuttgart 70569 Germany"},{"name":"School of Medicine and School of Engineering Ko\u00e7 University  Istanbul 34450 Turkey"},{"name":"Institute for Biomedical Engineering ETH Zurich  Zurich 8092 Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-bioeng-010510-103409"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JPROC.2014.2385105"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_3","volume-title":"Mobile Microrobotics","author":"Sitti M.","year":"2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201406096"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.5b00047"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/admt.201800636"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.8b05762"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C7LC00064B"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/2516-1091\/ab22d5"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0278364909353351"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-8853(01)01181-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.3123231"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scirobotics.aba5726"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.0c06100"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0278364913483183"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0278364915583539"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LRA.2019.2891080"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.6b02876"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.5b00042"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_3","first-page":"787","volume":"6","author":"Hanini A.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int. 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