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As of today, however, this technology is yet to find widespread commercial applications. One of the challenges is obtaining scalable and highly efficient designs that can withstand the fabrication errors associated with nanoscale manufacturing techniques. This problem becomes more severe in flexible structures, in which deformations appear naturally when flat\u2010optics structures are conformally applied to, for example, biocompatible substrates. Herein, an inverse design platform that enables the fast design of flexible flat\u2010optics that maintain high performance under deformations of their original geometry is presented. The platform leverages on suitably designed evolutionary large\u2010scale optimizers, equipped with fast\u2010trained neural network predictors based on encoder decoder architectures. This approach supports the implementation of flexible flat\u2010optics robust to both fabrication errors or user\u2010defined perturbation stress. This method is validated by a series of experiments in which broadband flexible light polarizers, which maintain an average polarization efficiency of 80% over 200\u2009nm bandwidths when measured under large mechanical deformations, are realized. These results could be helpful for the realization of a robust class of flexible flat\u2010optics for biosensing, imaging, and biomedical devices.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/aisy.202100105","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,31]],"date-time":"2021-08-31T07:14:40Z","timestamp":1630394080000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Robust and Scalable Flat\u2010Optics on Flexible Substrates via Evolutionary Neural Networks"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"3","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6761-8695","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maksim","family":"Makarenko","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"PRIMALIGHT Faculty of Electrical Engineering Applied Mathematics and Computational Science King Abdullah University of Science and Technology  Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia"}]},{"given":"Qizhou","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PRIMALIGHT Faculty of Electrical Engineering Applied Mathematics and Computational Science King Abdullah University of Science and Technology  Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2318-1727","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arturo","family":"Burguete-Lopez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PRIMALIGHT Faculty of Electrical Engineering Applied Mathematics and Computational Science King Abdullah University of Science and Technology  Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1550-0182","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fedor","family":"Getman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PRIMALIGHT Faculty of Electrical Engineering Applied Mathematics and Computational Science King Abdullah University of Science and Technology  Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6769-4439","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea","family":"Fratalocchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PRIMALIGHT Faculty of Electrical Engineering Applied Mathematics and Computational Science King Abdullah University of Science and Technology  Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmat3839"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1364\/OPTICA.6.000805"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.23.005117"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nphoton.2016.15"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.26.001547"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/lsa.2014.42"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41563-019-0363-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-017-01822-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41566-020-0591-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41566-018-0246-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1022602019183"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nnano.2016.224"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/nl5040573"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.109.127701"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1364\/JOSAB.22.001191"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00158-013-0978-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00158-016-1543-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41377-019-0159-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsphotonics.0c01468"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","first-page":"48","volume-title":"Photonic and Phononic Properties of Engineered Nanostructures VI","author":"Frandsen L. 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