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Due to MRI's high soft\u2010tissue selectivity, it is possible to obtain 3D images of hard\u2010to\u2010reach cavities in the human body, where the wireless miniature magnetic robots powered by MRI could be employed for high\u2010precision targeted operations, such as drug delivery, stem cell therapy, and hyperthermia. However, the state\u2010of\u2010the\u2010art fast magnetic robot\u2010tracking methods in MRI are limited above millimeter\u2010size scale, which restricts the potential target regions inside the human body. Herein, a fast 1D projection\u2010based MRI approach that can track magnetic particles down to 300\u2009\u03bcm diameter (1.17\u2009\u00d7\u200910<jats:sup>\u22122<\/jats:sup>\u2009emu) is reported. The technique reduces the trackable magnetic particle size in MRI\u2010powered navigation fivefold compared with the previous fast\u2010tracking methods. A closed\u2010loop MRI\u2010powered navigation with 0.78\u2009\u00b1\u20090.03\u2009mm trajectory\u2010following accuracy in millimeter\u2010sized in vitro 2D channels and a 3D cavity setup using the tracking method is demonstrated. Furthermore, the feasibility of submillimeter magnetic robot tracking in ex vivo pig kidneys (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20092) with a 3.6\u2009\u00b1\u20091.1\u2009mm accuracy is demonstrated. Such a fast submillimeter\u2010scale mobile robot\u2010tracking approach can unlock new opportunities in minimally invasive medical operations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/aisy.202100178","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,16]],"date-time":"2021-12-16T03:11:43Z","timestamp":1639624303000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["Magnetic Resonance Imaging\u2010Based Tracking and Navigation of Submillimeter\u2010Scale Wireless Magnetic Robots"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Mehmet Efe","family":"Tiryaki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Physical Intelligence Department Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems  70569 Stuttgart Germany"},{"name":"Institute for Biomedical Engineering ETH Zurich  8092 Zurich 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