{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T05:53:02Z","timestamp":1780552382342,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,26]],"date-time":"2021-12-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640476800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006245","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Israel","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006245","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Advanced Intelligent Systems"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:label\/>\n                    <jats:p>A new technique for sperm analysis is presented, measuring DNA fragmentation, morphology with virtual staining, and motility, all three criteria on the same individual unstained live cell. The method relies on quantitative stain\u2010free interferometric imaging, providing unique topographic structural and content maps of the cell, becoming available for the first time for clinical use, together with deep\u2010learning frameworks and least\u2010squares linear approximation. In the common clinical practice, only motility evaluation can be carried out on live human cells, while full morphological evaluation and DNA fragmentation assays require different staining protocols, and therefore cannot be performed on the same cell, resulting in inconsistencies in fertility evaluation. A clinic\u2010ready interferometric module is used to acquire dynamic sperm cells without chemical staining, together with deep learning to evaluate all three scores per cell with accuracy of 93.1%, 88%, and 90% for morphology, motility, and DNA fragmentation, respectively. It is shown that the expected number of cells that pass all three criteria based on the current evaluations performed separately does not correspond with the number of cells that pass all criteria, demonstrating the importance of the suggested method. The proposed stain\u2010free evaluation method is expected to decrease uncertainty in infertility diagnosis, increasing treatment success rates.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/aisy.202100200","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,26]],"date-time":"2021-12-26T20:05:20Z","timestamp":1640549120000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Simultaneous Morphology, Motility, and Fragmentation Analysis of Live Individual Sperm Cells for Male Fertility Evaluation"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Keren","family":"Ben-Yehuda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Tel Aviv University  Tel Aviv 69978 Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simcha K.","family":"Mirsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Tel Aviv University  Tel Aviv 69978 Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mattan","family":"Levi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Tel Aviv University  Tel Aviv 69978 Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Itay","family":"Barnea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Tel Aviv University  Tel Aviv 69978 Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Inbal","family":"Meshulach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Tel Aviv University  Tel Aviv 69978 Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sapir","family":"Kontente","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Tel Aviv University  Tel Aviv 69978 Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Benvaish","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Tel Aviv University  Tel Aviv 69978 Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachel","family":"Cur-Cycowicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Tel Aviv University  Tel Aviv 69978 Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoav N.","family":"Nygate","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Tel Aviv University  Tel Aviv 69978 Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4080-839X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Natan T.","family":"Shaked","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Tel Aviv University  Tel Aviv 69978 Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","first-page":"1","volume":"5","author":"Agarwal A.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Reprod. 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