{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,2]],"date-time":"2026-02-02T05:13:35Z","timestamp":1770009215298,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,18]],"date-time":"2022-02-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1645142400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004093","name":"Kwanjeong Educational Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004093","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Advanced Intelligent Systems"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:label\/><jats:p>A pneumatic soft robot can be made autonomous by carrying a liquid chemical fuel. In the existing design, to transmit the fuel, the pressure of the fuel tank must exceed that of the actuator. Consequently, the fuel tank must be sufficiently stiff, which hardens the robot. Herein, inspired by pit membranes in trees, a chemical pump is developed, which is consisting of a nanoporous membrane between the fuel tank and the actuator, and coated with a catalyst on the side of the actuator. The fuel in the fuel tank migrates across the membrane and, on meeting the catalyst, decomposes into a pressurized gas and inflates the actuator. The chemical pump is driven by the free energy of reaction, against the difference in pressure. The pores in the membrane are large enough for the fuel molecules to migrate through, but small enough to block the pressurized gas to tunnel back. In a demonstration, the fuel tank has ambient pressure, and the actuator has a pressure of 350\u2009kPa, comparable to the pressure in a car tire. The chemical pump enables pneumatic robots to be autonomous, powerful, and soft.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/aisy.202100246","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,18]],"date-time":"2022-02-18T06:35:40Z","timestamp":1645166140000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["A Chemical Pump that Generates High\u2010Pressure Gas by Transmitting Liquid Fuel against Pressure Gradient"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"4","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7340-2770","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Junsoo","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"J. A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Harvard University  Cambridge MA 02138 USA"}]},{"given":"Kai","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MOE Key Laboratory of Dynamics and Control of Flight Vehicle School of Aerospace Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology  Beijing 100081 China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4068-4844","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhigang","family":"Suo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"J. A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Harvard University  Cambridge MA 02138 USA"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","first-page":"280","volume":"49","author":"Whitesides G. M.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Angew. 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