{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T18:52:09Z","timestamp":1790621529701,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,9]],"date-time":"2022-02-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1644364800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["18H03868"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["18H03868"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["19J21735"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["19J21735"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Advanced Intelligent Systems"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:label\/><jats:p>In nature, some insects can rapidly propel by using the Marangoni effect without employing the oscillatory movements of legs. Inspired by nature's Marangoni\u2010propulsion principles, various Marangoni\u2010propulsion untethered micro\u2010robots are achieved to propel with small energy storage. For practical use of Marangoni\u2010propulsion micro\u2010robots, it is required to have the intelligence to detect the external environment. However, previous Marangoni\u2010propulsion micro\u2010robots integrated with wireless micro\u2010scale sensors that can sense the external environment and transmit the obtained information are not achieved. Herein, Marangoni propulsion micro\u2010robots integrated with a wireless photonic gel sensor for exploring the aquatic environment and transmitting the environmental information are proposed. The proposed micro\u2010robots can propel at the water\u2013air interface by the Marangoni effect. The integrated photonic gel sensor can sense the external stimuli and transmit the information by the color change. In this research, the responsivity of the micro\u2010robots is evaluated by the propulsion velocity and the response time of the photonic gel. It is shown that the propulsion velocity is changed by the outlet area. The response time decreased as the diameter of the photonic gel decreased. Finally, it is demonstrated that the photonic gel sensor can dynamically sense the external stimuli while the micro\u2010robots propel.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/aisy.202100248","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,9]],"date-time":"2022-02-09T05:19:33Z","timestamp":1644383973000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Marangoni\u2010Propulsion Micro\u2010Robots Integrated with a Wireless Photonic Colloidal Crystal Hydrogel Sensor for Exploring the Aquatic Environment"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Koki","family":"Yoshida","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering Keio University  Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku Yokohama 223-8522 Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0048-1580","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hiroaki","family":"Onoe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering Keio University  Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku Yokohama 223-8522 Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.fluid.38.050304.092157"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0405736101"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature01793"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature03995"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","volume-title":"The Integument of Water-Walking Arthropods: Form and Function","author":"Bush J. 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