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Studies have revealed neuronal spike\u2010rate adaptation owing to intrinsic plasticity that neurons will adapt to the spiking patterns and store the events in the background spiking through clustered neuronal spiking. The event can be reactivated by specific retrieval clues instead of solely relying on synaptic plasticity. However, the neural adaptation, as well as the interactive adaptations of neuronal activity for information processing, have not been implemented. Herein, an artificial adaptive neuron via in materia modulation of the VO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\/HfO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> based dual\u2010mode memristor is demonstrated. By changing the conductance of the HfO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> layer, the firing threshold can be modulated, thus the excitability and inhibition can be adjusted according to the previous stimuli without any complex peripherals, showing an adaptive firing rate even under the same stimuli. The artificial neuron clusters can emulate the concept of neuronal memory and neural adaptation, demonstrating spatiotemporal encoding capabilities via the correlated neural firing patterns. 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