{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T02:19:32Z","timestamp":1780453172635,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":226,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,14]],"date-time":"2022-09-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1663113600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["62171014"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62171014"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61803017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61803017"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002358","name":"Beihang University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["KG12090401"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KG12090401"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002358","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002358","name":"Beihang University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ZG216S19C8"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZG216S19C8"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002358","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004147","name":"Tsinghua University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1001020124"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1001020124"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004147","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Advanced Intelligent Systems"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:label\/><jats:p>Electromyography (EMG) is an integral part of many biomedical and healthcare applications. It has been used as a metric for tracking rehabilitation progress and identifying diseases that affect muscle activation patterns. Although it is widely used in many disciplines, conventional EMG recording and interpretation techniques lack in providing precise signal detection and robust classification accuracy. In recent years, thanks to advances in both material science and artificial intelligence, EMG detection techniques are improving at a rapid pace. Materials that allow for enhanced biocompatibility have improved the quality of data recorded by electrodes. The use of machine learning algorithms has paved new ways to understand complex EMG signals, triggering diverse, novel, and improved application scenarios within the healthcare framework. To help readers establish a clear picture of the two most important components in EMG technology, i.e., electrodes and algorithms, while catching up with the latest research outcomes, this review article is composed. The article starts by introducing conventional EMG electrode materials and architectures, then explains how state\u2010of\u2010the\u2010art works have improved electrode utilization. Subsequently, EMG signal conditioning and interpretation algorithms are investigated. Finally, current challenges in the research domain and authors\u2019 perspectives are discussed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/aisy.202200063","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,15]],"date-time":"2022-09-15T02:45:17Z","timestamp":1663209917000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Use of Advanced Materials and Artificial Intelligence in Electromyography Signal Detection and Interpretation"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"4","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3096-4700","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shuo","family":"Gao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering Beihang University  37 Xueyuan Rd Beijing 100191 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7091-6784","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jing","family":"Gong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering Beihang University  37 Xueyuan Rd Beijing 100191 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bofei","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering Beihang University  37 Xueyuan Rd Beijing 100191 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bozhou","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering Beijing University  37 Xueyuan Rd Beijing 100191 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fengrong","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation Beijing University  37 Xueyuan Rd Beijing 100191 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mustafa O.","family":"Yerabakan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering University of Florida  Gainesville FL 32611-6595 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine School of Clinical Medicine Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital Tsinghua University  Beijing 100084 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Boyi","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering University of Florida  Gainesville FL 32611-6595 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1350-4533(99)00054-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s16081304"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201301921"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2012.2190288"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"S.Negi Y.Kumar V. M.Mishra in2016 2nd Int. Conf. Advances in Computing Communication & Automation (ICACCA) (Fall) IEEE Bareilly India 2016 pp.1\u20136.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICACCAF.2016.7748960"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bspc.2018.07.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00521-019-04553-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JAS.2021.1003865"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2019.2891350"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2474-11-93"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2013.10.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","first-page":"66","volume":"4","author":"Lucovnik M.","year":"2012","journal-title":"Facts Views Vis. Obgyn"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5755\/j02.eie.28838"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0412.2010.01031.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rcim.2020.101995"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-0003-9-29"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12984-016-0151-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1751-0759-1-18"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","unstructured":"A.Sarasola\u2010Sanz N.Irastorza\u2010Landa E.Lopez\u2010Larraz C.Bibian F.Helmhold D.Broetz N.Birbaumer A.Ramos\u2010Murguialday 2017 Int. Conf. Rehabil. Robot. ICORR IEEE London2017 pp.895\u2013900."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2011.10.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","first-page":"16027","volume":"50","author":"Borisov I. I.","year":"2017","journal-title":"IFAC\u2010Pap."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scirobotics.aaw6306"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","first-page":"143","volume":"9","author":"He S.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Med. Devices Auckl. NZ"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s140406677"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2012-303719"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1874325001105010223"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4184\/asj.2011.5.1.51"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41393-019-0331-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2019.2901882"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2019.00068"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2017.03.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/154041"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSRE.2017.2656418"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/JP270635"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/OJEMB.2020.3017130"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"K.Samanta S. S.Roy S.Modak S.Chatterjee R.Bose in2020 42nd Annual Int. Conf. of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine & Biology Society (EMBC) IEEE Montreal QC Canada 2020 pp.694\u2013697.","DOI":"10.1109\/EMBC44109.2020.9176464"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1742-6596\/1237\/3\/032008"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2017.00665"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1741-2560\/12\/5\/056018"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.8b17164"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-17765-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/86.313149"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0044348"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2020.622923"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2010.12.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"A.Krasoulis S.Vijayakumar K.Nazarpour in2015 7th Int. IEEE\/EMBS Conf. on Neural Engineering (NER) IEEE Montpellier France 2015 pp.631\u2013634.","DOI":"10.1109\/NER.2015.7146702"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-18209-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2007.03.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2008.04.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_51_1","first-page":"wecb042","volume-title":"Wiley Encyclopedia of Chemical Biology","author":"Frederick S.","year":"2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1949.12.4.231"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/10.32102"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1929.sp002557"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.20435"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.43.6.475"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2013.07.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00906.2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345750540042401"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1962.17.5.849"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.1972.324140"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_62_1","first-page":"S63","volume":"45","author":"Gydikov A.","year":"1986","journal-title":"Biomed. Biochim. Acta"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1741-2552\/ab047a"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/JP270902"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"A.Benvenuto S.Raspopovic K. P.Hoffmann J.Carpaneto G.Cavallo G.Di Pino E.Guglielmelli L.Rossini P. M.Rossini M.Tombini S.Micera in2010Annual Int. Conf. of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology IEEE Buenos Aires Argentina 2010 pp.1800\u20131803.","DOI":"10.1109\/IEMBS.2010.5626401"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00788.2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIM.2011.2164279"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_68_1","unstructured":"C.Pylatiuk M.Muller-Riederer A.Kargov S.Schulz O.Schill M.Reischl G.Bretthauer in2009IEEE Int. Conf. on Rehabilitation Robotics IEEE Kyoto Japan 2009 pp.300\u2013304."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1050-6411(02)00082-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41528-022-00170-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsaelm.0c01129"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsaelm.0c00841"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbon.2020.03.058"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aaz6767"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8986.1986.tb00676.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jelekin.2020.102440"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-46669-9_164"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_78_1","first-page":"17","volume":"4","author":"Garcia M. A. C.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Rev. Andaluza Med. Deporte"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2018.00566"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_80_1","first-page":"1","volume":"1","author":"von Tscharner V.","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Exerc. Sports Orthop."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1050-6411(00)00027-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.1979.326444"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0013-4694(83)90171-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSRE.2015.2417775"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_85_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-0003-9-85"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s17030458"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_87_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1050-6411(02)00095-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_88_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.90219.2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_89_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSRE.2014.2305111"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_90_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dib.2022.107921"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_91_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/app11104625"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_92_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/bios10080085"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_93_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2018.00050"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_94_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s19204596"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_95_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"C. P.Robinson B.Li Q.Meng M. T. G.Pain inProc. of the 4th Int. Conf. on Movement Computing ACM London United Kingdom 2017 pp.1\u20136.","DOI":"10.1145\/3077981.3078031"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_96_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M.Kunapipat P.Phukpattaranont P.Neranon K.Thongpull in2018 15th Int. Conf. on Electrical Engineering\/Electronics Computer Telecommunications and Information Technology (ECTI-CON) IEEE Chiang Rai Thailand 2018 pp.772\u2013775.","DOI":"10.1109\/ECTICon.2018.8619880"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_97_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Y. A.Jarrah A. M.Grace O. W.Samuel M.Zhu X.Wang O. O.Olayinka S.Chen G.Li in2021 IEEE Int. Workshop on Metrology for Industry 4.0 & IoT (MetroInd4.0&IoT) IEEE Rome Italy 2021 pp.604\u2013608.","DOI":"10.1109\/MetroInd4.0IoT51437.2021.9488516"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_98_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSRE.2018.2861465"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_99_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"C.Tepe M.Erdim in2020 Inter. Congress on Human-Computer Interaction Optimization and Robotic Applications (HORA) IEEE Ankara Turkey 2020 pp.1\u20134.","DOI":"10.1109\/HORA49412.2020.9152850"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_100_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/app7101050"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_101_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s20041201"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_102_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JBHI.2020.2987528"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_103_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00521-018-3909-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_104_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bspc.2021.103037"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_105_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"H.ElMohandes S.Eldawlatly J. M. C.Aud\u00ed R.Ruff K.-P.Hoffmann inProc. of the 2018 8th Int. Conf. on Biomedical Engineering and Technology - ICBET \u201918 ACM Press Bali Indonesia 2018 pp.96\u2013102.","DOI":"10.1145\/3208955.3208966"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_106_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12046-019-1231-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_107_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSEN.2021.3095594"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_108_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.irbm.2018.11.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_109_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1006985"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_110_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00296.2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_111_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bspc.2019.02.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_112_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s19040959"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_113_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00296.2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_114_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-85851-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_115_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSRE.2018.2803019"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_116_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12311-020-01149-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_117_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"A.Bhattacharya A.Sarkar P.Basak in2017 4th Inter. Conf. on Advanced Computing and Communication Systems (ICACCS) IEEE Coimbatore India 2017 pp.1\u20135.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICACCS.2017.8014594"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_118_1","unstructured":"A.Phinyomark E.Scheme in2018 IEEE Sensors Applications Symp. (SAS) IEEE Seoul 2018 pp.1\u20136."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_119_1","first-page":"25","volume":"1","author":"Too J.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Human Technol. Interaction"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_120_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00521-020-05349-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_121_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSRE.2014.2366752"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_122_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"H. A.Javaid N.Rashid M. I.Tiwana M. W.Anwar inProc. of the 2018 4th Int. Conf. on Mechatronics and Robotics Engineering ACM Valenciennes France 2018 pp.157\u2013162.","DOI":"10.1145\/3191477.3191495"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_123_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSRE.2013.2274658"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_124_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"A.Radmand E.Scheme K.Englehart in2014 36th Annual Inter. Conf. of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society IEEE Chicago IL 2014 pp.662\u2013667.","DOI":"10.1109\/EMBC.2014.6943678"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_125_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M. U.Khan S.Aziz M.Sohail A. A.Shahid S.Samer in2019 22nd International Multitopic Conference (INMIC) IEEE Islamabad Pakistan 2019 pp.1\u20138.","DOI":"10.1109\/INMIC48123.2019.9022741"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_126_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M.Radhakrishnan A.Smailagic B.French D. P.Siewiorek R. K.Balan in2019 IEEE Inter. Conf. on Pervasive Computing and Communications Workshops (PerCom Workshops) IEEE Kyoto Japan 2019 pp.151\u2013157.","DOI":"10.1109\/PERCOMW.2019.8730824"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_127_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2017.07.419"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_128_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Y.Maeda S.Ishibashi in2017 Joint 17th World Congress of Int. Fuzzy Systems Association and 9th Inter. Conf. on Soft Computing and Intelligent Systems (IFSA-SCIS) IEEE Otsu Japan 2017 pp.1\u20135.","DOI":"10.1109\/IFSA-SCIS.2017.8023339"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_129_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/app10217793"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_130_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"N. H.Ghassemi F.Marxreiter C. F.Pasluosta P.Kugler J.Schlachetzki A.Schramm B. M.Eskofier J.Klucken in2016 38th Annual Inter. Conf. of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC) IEEE Orlando FL USA 2016 pp.672\u2013675.","DOI":"10.1109\/EMBC.2016.7590791"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_131_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2013.01.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_132_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11760-013-0480-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_133_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5755\/j02.eie.28838"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_134_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"H.Converse T.Ferraro D.Jean L.Jones V.Mendhiratta E.Naviasky M.Par T.Rimlinger S.Southall J.Sprenkle P.Abshire in2013 IEEE Sensors IEEE Baltimore MD USA 2013 pp.1\u20134.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSENS.2013.6688474"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_135_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1757-899X\/1107\/1\/012063"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_136_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s20041031"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_137_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bspc.2019.101574"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_138_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2017.00379"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_139_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"D.Zhang A.Xiong X.Zhao J.Han in2012 IEEE Int. Conf. on Information and Automation IEEE Shenyang China 2012 pp.960\u2013965.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICInfA.2012.6246955"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_140_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1142\/S0219477512500289"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_141_1","unstructured":"H.Zhang Y.Zhao F.Yao L.Xu P.Shang G.Li in2013 35th Annual Int. Conf. of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC) IEEE Osaka 2013 pp.4267\u20134270."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_142_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"C. D.Joshi U.Lahiri N. V.Thakor in2013 IEEE Point-of-Care Healthcare Technologies (PHT) IEEE Bangalore India 2013 pp.228\u2013231.","DOI":"10.1109\/PHT.2013.6461326"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_143_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSEN.2018.2809458"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_144_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M.Murugappan in2011 IEEE Inter. Conf. on System Engineering and Technology IEEE Shah Alam Malaysia 2011 pp.106\u2013110.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSEngT.2011.5993430"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_145_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cap.2010.11.051"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_146_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bspc.2019.101834"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_147_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bspc.2020.101872"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_148_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"J.Kim S.Mastnik E.Andr\u00e9 inProc. of the 13th Inter. Conf. on Intelligent User Interfaces - IUI \u201908 ACM Press Gran Canaria Spain 2008 p.30.","DOI":"10.1145\/1378773.1378778"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_149_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2004.836492"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_150_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M.Rossi S.Benatti E.Farella L.Benini in2015 IEEE Int. Conf. on Industrial Technology (ICIT) IEEE Seville 2015 pp.1700\u20131705.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICIT.2015.7125342"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_151_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSRE.2005.847357"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_152_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/86.867872"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_153_1","unstructured":"Y.Paul V.Goyal R. A.Jaswal in2017 4th Int. Conf. on Signal Processing Computing and Control (ISPCC) IEEE Solan 2017 pp.169\u2013175."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_154_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12984-017-0290-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_155_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2013.01.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_156_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10916-014-0031-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_157_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00521-019-04553-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_158_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/neco.2006.18.7.1527"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_159_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/electronics8080894"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_160_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"K.Samanta S. S.Roy S.Modak S.Chatterjee R.Bose in2020 42nd Annual Inter. Conf. of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine & Biology Society (EMBC) IEEE Montreal QC Canada 2020 pp.694\u2013697.","DOI":"10.1109\/EMBC44109.2020.9176464"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_161_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2017.00379"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_162_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s18082497"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_163_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s20061642"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_164_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bspc.2020.102210"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_165_1","unstructured":"M.Jabbari R. N.Khushaba K.Nazarpour in2020 42nd Annual Int. Conf. of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine & Biology Society (EMBC) IEEE Montreal QC Canada 2020 pp.3302\u20133305."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_166_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bspc.2017.10.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_167_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TBCAS.2019.2925454"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_168_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/app10082638"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_169_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-59602-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_170_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-13993-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_171_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-13993-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_172_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41597-021-01107-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_173_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-79139-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_174_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-99269-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_175_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep28957"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_176_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thoraxjnl-2015-207188"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_177_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"I.Conradsen S.Beniczky P.Wolf P.Jennum H. B. D.Sorensen in2012 Annual Int. Conf. of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society IEEE San Diego CA 2012 pp.2048\u20132051.","DOI":"10.1109\/EMBC.2012.6346361"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_178_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmpb.2011.06.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_179_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rehab.2019.08.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_180_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.11.060"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_181_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rehab.2019.08.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_182_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thoraxjnl-2015-207188"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_183_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.11.060"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_184_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"C.Loconsole S.Dettori A.Frisoli C. A.Avizzano M.Bergamasco in2014 IEEE Haptics Symp. (HAPTICS) IEEE Houston TX USA 2014 pp.181\u2013186.","DOI":"10.1109\/HAPTICS.2014.6775452"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_185_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/games.6026"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_186_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TOH.2015.2417570"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_187_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11760-019-01590-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_188_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"V. K.Mishra V.Bajaj A.Kumar in2016 2nd Inter. Conf. on Advances in Electrical Electronics Information Communication and Bio-Informatics (AEEICB) IEEE Chennai India 2016 pp.455\u2013459.","DOI":"10.1109\/AEEICB.2016.7538330"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_189_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jelekin.2018.02.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_190_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autcon.2021.103653"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_191_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSRE.2019.2959243"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_192_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M.Chu Z.Cui S.Gao in2021 IEEE Int. Conf. on Flexible and Printable Sensors and Systems (FLEPS) 2021 pp.1\u20134.","DOI":"10.1109\/FLEPS51544.2021.9469757"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_193_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"T.Dorszewski W.Jiang S.Sigg in2022 IEEE Int. Conf. on Pervasive Computing and Communications Workshops and Other Affiliated Events (PerCom Workshops) 2022 pp.712\u2013717.","DOI":"10.1109\/PerComWorkshops53856.2022.9767235"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_194_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnbot.2019.00067"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_195_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-00846-2_23","volume-title":"XIII Mediterranean Conference On Medical And Biological Engineering And Computing 2013","author":"Carbonaro N.","year":"2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_196_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TBCAS.2021.3130090"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_197_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/01.MSS.0000128147.01979.31"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_198_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41597-021-00881-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_199_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s22020436"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_200_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12008-022-00862-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_201_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSEN.2021.3100038"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_202_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.inffus.2021.11.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_203_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1142\/S0129065714500063"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_204_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmpb.2020.105482"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_205_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1117\/1.JBO.21.9.091313"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_206_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00166.2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_207_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.inffus.2018.06.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_208_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2016.06.042"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_209_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSEN.2020.3023886"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_210_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2019.2922037"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_211_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSEN.2021.3119074"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_212_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1741-2552\/ab7b1e"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_213_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/THMS.2016.2641389"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_214_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSRE.2020.2992885"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_215_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-021-05166-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_216_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2021.104413"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_217_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19127176"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_218_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"W.Xia Y.Zhou Y.Fang H.Liu in2018 IEEE Int. Conf. on Systems Man and Cybernetics (SMC) IEEE Miyazaki Japan 2018 pp.1939\u20131944.","DOI":"10.1109\/SMC.2018.00335"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_219_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/electronics9060934"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_220_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"H.Verma D.Paul S. R.Bathula S.Sinha S.Kumar in2018 15th IEEE India Council Inter. Conf. (INDICON) IEEE Coimbatore India 2018 pp.1\u20136.","DOI":"10.1109\/INDICON45594.2018.8987001"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_221_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"J.Perdiz G.Pires U. J.Nunes in2017 IEEE 5th Portuguese Meeting on Bioengineering (ENBENG) IEEE Coimbra Portugal 2017 pp.1\u20134.","DOI":"10.1109\/ENBENG.2017.7889451"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_222_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"N. Z.Jia D.Mejorado S.Poullados H.Bae G.Traverso R.Dias N.Hanumara in2020 42nd Annual Int. Conf. of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine & Biology Society (EMBC) IEEE Montreal QC Canada 2020 pp.4539\u20134542.","DOI":"10.1109\/EMBC44109.2020.9176180"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_223_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17671\/gazibtd.542662"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_224_1","unstructured":"S.Said S.AlKork T.Beyrouthy M. F.Abdrabbo 2017 2nd International Conference on Bio\u2010Engineering for Smart Technologies (BioSMART)2017 p.4."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_225_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"J.Monge O.Postolache in2018 Int. Conf. and Exposition on Electrical And Power Engineering (EPE) IEEE Iasi 2018 pp.1010\u20131014.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICEPE.2018.8559935"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_226_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSMCC.2012.2200101"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_227_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"H.Martin J.Donaw R.Kelly Y.Jung J.-H.Kim in2014 IEEE Symp. on Computational Intelligence in Robotic Rehabilitation and Assistive Technologies (CIR2AT) IEEE Orlando FL USA 2014 pp.26\u201330.","DOI":"10.1109\/CIRAT.2014.7009737"}],"container-title":["Advanced Intelligent Systems"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/aisy.202200063","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/aisy.202200063","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/aisy.202200063","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,7]],"date-time":"2025-10-07T23:24:45Z","timestamp":1759879485000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/aisy.202200063"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,14]]},"references-count":226,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/aisy.202200063"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/aisy.202200063","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2640-4567","2640-4567"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2640-4567","type":"print"},{"value":"2640-4567","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,14]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-03-08","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-09-14","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"2200063"}}