{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T04:19:46Z","timestamp":1781756386666,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,20]],"date-time":"2023-01-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1674172800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000266","name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["EP\/P012779\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EP\/P012779\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000266","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Advanced Intelligent Systems"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:label\/><jats:p>Fabrication of actuatable micromechanisms onto the tip of submillimeter medical instruments permits microsurgery, cellular\u2010level intervention, targeted drug delivery, or placement of microimplants. In these systems, a common lack of integrated microsensors or optical feedback prohibits stabilizing closed\u2010loop control. Moreover, the low stiffness of compact actuator and microfabrication limitations lead to difficult control. Herein, a compact bistable open\u2010loop micromechanism mounted on a small (170\u2009\u03bcm) capillary fiber is developed. Bistabillity is utilized to control the mechanism to precise positions without the need for feedback or continuous control. Repeatable fabrication of this compact and high\u2010resolution bistable micromechanism is achieved with a two\u2010photon polymerization (2PP) process refined by oxygen plasma etching (OPE) that results in minimal feature size of a few hundred nanometers along the direction of the laser's axis, allowing 2PP bistable mechanisms to be fabricated in arbitrary orientations not restricted by printing direction. Finite element method simulations and experimental studies of the OPE effect are presented and used to optimize the micromechanism's bistable behavior. Finally, the feasibility of such compact bistable mechanism with a gripper that captures 50\u2009\u03bcm spheres and passively maintains grasping without constant driving force even in long open\u2010close cycles is demonstrated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/aisy.202200121","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,20]],"date-time":"2023-01-20T22:53:46Z","timestamp":1674255226000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["Bistable, Pneumatically Actuated Microgripper Fabricated Using Two\u2010Photon Polymerization and Oxygen Plasma Etching"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"5","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5189-7650","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maura","family":"Power","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hamlyn Centre Imperial College London  SW7 2AZ London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3905-1142","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antoine","family":"Barbot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AS2M Femto-St  25000 Besan\u00e7on France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5063-0367","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Florent","family":"Seichepine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hamlyn Centre Imperial College London  SW7 2AZ London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4060-4020","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guang-Zhong","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Robotics Shanghai Jiao Tong University  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scirobotics.aar7650"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.201400275"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/am508621s"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201704047"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JMEMS.2006.885853"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.201870069"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMECH.2016.2523564"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","volume-title":"Compliant Mechanisms","author":"Howell L. L.","year":"2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1115\/1.2829477"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1011265810471"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JMEMS.2005.845445"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCPMT.2017.2723458"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","first-page":"99","volume":"99","author":"Barbot A.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0960-1317\/20\/4\/043001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scirobotics.aav4494"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","first-page":"1","volume":"5","author":"Paek J.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202002510"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.201703964"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aba5660"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0278364915587926"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JMEMS.2005.851843"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0168218"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TRO.2013.2240174"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","unstructured":"M.Kaynak A.Dolev M. S.Sakar(Preprint) arXiv:2205.12625 v1 submitted: May2022."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-07882-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scirobotics.aar7986"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.201902370"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0960-1317\/13\/6\/318"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sna.2008.11.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1115\/1.4004543"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mechmachtheory.2017.05.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep40643"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.4709436"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201703024"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.4916886"}],"container-title":["Advanced Intelligent Systems"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/aisy.202200121","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/aisy.202200121","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/aisy.202200121","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,7]],"date-time":"2025-10-07T16:08:45Z","timestamp":1759853325000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/aisy.202200121"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,20]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/aisy.202200121"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/aisy.202200121","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2640-4567","2640-4567"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2640-4567","type":"print"},{"value":"2640-4567","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,20]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-08-18","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-01-20","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"2200121"}}