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However, it is still a very challenging task for artificial synapses to imitate the complex synapse diversity of biological system. Herein, the ionic liquid gating induced oxygen ion migration to realize the reversible phase transition between insulating SrCoO<jats:sub>2.5<\/jats:sub> and metallic SrCoO<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub> with anisotropic dynamics due to the fast oxygen transport channel along [110] crystal orientation is used. The crystal orientation\u2010dependent oxygen ion migration and resultant metal\u2013insulator transition offer an intriguing opportunity to build up a variety of artificial synapses with different performances, like excitatory or inhibitory characters, learning accuracy, and cooperation capability. 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