{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]],"date-time":"2026-02-11T12:49:33Z","timestamp":1770814173458,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,21]],"date-time":"2022-12-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1671580800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100014188","name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021R1A2C3008742"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021R1A2C3008742"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100014188","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003621","name":"Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CAMM No. 2014M3A6B3063707"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CAMM No. 2014M3A6B3063707"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003621","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003052","name":"Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["02220146"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["02220146"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003052","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Advanced Intelligent Systems"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:label\/><jats:p>Recently, shape\u2010morphing films (SMFs) have been actively researched due to their diverse applications such as soft robotics, soft grippers, and healthcare\/wearable devices. Their complex movements are typically made by assembling multiple actuation elements in a single system. However, the unreliability during the assembly process is a critical issue, which has restricted their practical usage. In order to resolve this problem, herein, a biomimetic, programmable, and part\u2010by\u2010part maneuverable single\u2010body SMF is proposed. Programming of the SMF adopts a similar mechanism to <jats:italic>Bauhinia variegates,<\/jats:italic> whereby nonequivalent volume changes due to external stimuli cause the bending of the overall film. The patterned elastic modulus of the SU\u20108 microwall prescribes the preferred bending direction. Part\u2010by\u2010part maneuvering is accomplished by controlling the voltage distribution of the underlying electrothermal heater. The fabricated single\u2010body SMF demonstrates the complex movements of the inchworm (pose stabilization: front\u2010to\u2010back flip and back\u2010to\u2010front flip; basic movements: crawl, left turn, and right turn) and <jats:italic>Drosera Capensis<\/jats:italic> (insect gripping via hierarchical morphology). The proposed method for the fabrication of a biomimetic, programmable, and part\u2010by\u2010part maneuverable single\u2010body SMF can successfully replace the conventional assembly process and achieve advanced SMF technology by enabling various complex movements toward practical applications.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/aisy.202200293","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,21]],"date-time":"2022-12-21T08:50:12Z","timestamp":1671612612000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Biomimetic, Programmable, and Part\u2010by\u2010Part Maneuverable Single\u2010Body Shape\u2010Morphing Film"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Yongrok","family":"Jeong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nano Manufacturing Technology Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM)  156, Gajeongbuk-ro, Yuseong-gu Daejeon 34103 Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)  291, Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea"}]},{"given":"Junseong","family":"Ahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nano Manufacturing Technology Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM)  156, Gajeongbuk-ro, Yuseong-gu Daejeon 34103 Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)  291, Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea"}]},{"given":"Ji-Hwan","family":"Ha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nano Manufacturing Technology Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM)  156, Gajeongbuk-ro, Yuseong-gu Daejeon 34103 Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)  291, Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea"}]},{"given":"Jiwoo","family":"Ko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nano Manufacturing Technology Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM)  156, Gajeongbuk-ro, Yuseong-gu Daejeon 34103 Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)  291, Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea"}]},{"given":"Soon-Hyoung","family":"Hwang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nano Manufacturing Technology Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM)  156, Gajeongbuk-ro, Yuseong-gu Daejeon 34103 Republic of Korea"}]},{"given":"Sohee","family":"Jeon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nano Manufacturing Technology Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM)  156, Gajeongbuk-ro, Yuseong-gu Daejeon 34103 Republic of Korea"}]},{"given":"Munjeong","family":"Bok","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nano Manufacturing Technology Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM)  156, Gajeongbuk-ro, Yuseong-gu Daejeon 34103 Republic of Korea"}]},{"given":"Jun-Ho","family":"Jeong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nano Manufacturing Technology Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM)  156, Gajeongbuk-ro, Yuseong-gu Daejeon 34103 Republic of Korea"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5761-7739","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Inkyu","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)  291, Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/admt.201900997"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.201870220"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.201800239"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.5020918"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-10549-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201870087"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/nn505535k"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202100336"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2021.128883"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C6NR09270E"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/soro.2018.0164"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D0NR00924E"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","volume":"4","author":"Yoonho K.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. 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