{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]],"date-time":"2026-04-13T08:35:08Z","timestamp":1776069308591,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,6]],"date-time":"2022-11-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1667692800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["52075440"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["52075440"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["52105117"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["52105117"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013076","name":"National Major Science and Technology Projects of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["J2019-IV-0018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["J2019-IV-0018"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013076","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Advanced Intelligent Systems"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:label\/><jats:p>Capacitive sensors show promising applications for human\u2013computer interface due to their potential capabilities of both pressure and proximity sensing. However, the sensitivity loss at large strain and the complicated process of fabrication technology limit related applications. Herein, inspired by gradient and hierarchical structures in biological systems and using porous materials with different stiffness, a capacitive flexible sensor with both proximity and pressure sensing abilities is proposed. Such hierarchical structures effectively reduce the attenuation of sensitivity as the pressure increases, realizing an ultrawide detection range with high sensitivity. A theoretical mathematical model is developed and the corresponding capacitive sensor is fabricated by using the high\u2010performance porous impregnated dust\u2010free paper as the electrode and expandable polyethylene (EPE)\/loofah\u2010like polyurethane sponge (LPS) as double\u2010layer porous dielectric. This sensor has an ultrawide detection range up to 3000\u2009kPa with a significantly low sensitivity loss of 0.0195%\u2009kPa<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> and the noncontact sensing mode reaches a sensing range up to 28\u2009cm (0.122\u2009cm<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>). Notably, a strategy is provided to design the high sensitivity sensor over an ultrawide detection range from approaching to pressuring, and eventually its promising application is presented as human\u2013computer interaction.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/aisy.202200295","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,6]],"date-time":"2022-11-06T22:06:33Z","timestamp":1667772393000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Bioinspired Hierarchical Structure for an Ultrawide\u2010Range Multifunctional Flexible Sensor Using Porous Expandable Polyethylene\/Loofah\u2010Like Polyurethane Sponge Material"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Zhou","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering School of Mechanical Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University  Xi'an 710049 China"}]},{"given":"Qingkai","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering School of Mechanical Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University  Xi'an 710049 China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8646-277X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yu","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering School of Mechanical Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University  Xi'an 710049 China"}]},{"given":"Ningli","family":"An","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Printing, Packaging Engineering and Digital Media Technology Xi'an University of Technology  Xi'an 710048 China"}]},{"given":"Pengzhe","family":"Hui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering School of Mechanical Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University  Xi'an 710049 China"}]},{"given":"Laihao","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering School of Mechanical Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University  Xi'an 710049 China"}]},{"given":"Xuefeng","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering School of Mechanical Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University  Xi'an 710049 China"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C6NR04467K"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s19153427"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.201602790"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compositesb.2021.109490"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.7b10820"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scirobotics.abc8134"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.1c07360"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2021.132152"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.abq2521"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.2c03812"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compscitech.2020.108571"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nanoen.2022.107324"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/admt.201900317"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/macp.202100206"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6528\/ac6812"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.0c12369"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.1602200"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202100218"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sna.2020.112147"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.201402109"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsaelm.1c01274"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41528-021-00114-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-14054-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201502535"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nanoen.2019.104436"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6528\/ab1a86"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.9b03718"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.201600760"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.201403036"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.201801657"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/nn505953t"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scirobotics.aau6914"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/polym14081495"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D0TC00443J"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C7TC03576D"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.7b14048"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C4MH00147H"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C8NR01495G"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.8b01557"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2022.126656"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1601-1546.2012.00269.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.0c09581"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D1MH00384D"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSEN.2022.3156286"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.2c00308"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-19531-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.7b02474"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compositesb.2021.108607"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.201903100"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0964-1726\/22\/5\/055023"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9781139878326"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2019.123103"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/polym13203465"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/polym12071499"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/polym13050824"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nano12020256"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compositesb.2021.108899"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matlet.2021.131151"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nanoen.2022.107513"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202001461"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.9b07636"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.201804559"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.9b02659"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.201702091"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2020.124415"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.201910020"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201303041"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbon.2021.12.080"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aisy.202100070"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSEN.2009.2030709"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1757-899X\/479\/1\/012035"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsaelm.9b00330"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1142\/S0217984918503943"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSEN.2022.3168068"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D2MH00281G"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/coatings12030302"}],"container-title":["Advanced Intelligent Systems"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/aisy.202200295","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/aisy.202200295","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/aisy.202200295","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,7]],"date-time":"2025-10-07T19:49:39Z","timestamp":1759866579000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/aisy.202200295"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,6]]},"references-count":76,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/aisy.202200295"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/aisy.202200295","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2640-4567","2640-4567"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2640-4567","type":"print"},{"value":"2640-4567","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-09-05","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-11-06","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"2200295"}}