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The subject redox\u2010IGR successfully solves a second\u2010order nonlinear dynamic equation by utilizing voltage pulse driven ion\u2010gating in a Li<jats:sub><jats:italic>x<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sub>WO<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub> channel to enable reservoir computing. Under the normal conditions, in which only the drain current (<jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>D<\/jats:sub>) is used for the reservoir states, the lowest prediction error is 8.15\u2009\u00d7\u200910<jats:sup>\u22124<\/jats:sup>. Performance is enhanced by the addition of <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>G<\/jats:sub> to the reservoir states, resulting in a significant lowering of the prediction error to 5.39\u2009\u00d7\u200910<jats:sup>\u22124<\/jats:sup>, which is noticeably lower than other types of physical reservoirs (memristors and spin torque oscillators) reported to date. A second\u2010order nonlinear autoregressive moving average (NARMA2) task, a typical benchmark of reservoir computing, is also performed with the IGR and good performance is achieved, with a normalized mean square error (NMSE) of 0.163. A short\u2010term memory task is performed to investigate an enhancement mechanism resulting from the <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>G<\/jats:sub> addition. An increase in memory capacity, from 2.35 without <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>G<\/jats:sub> to 3.57 with <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>G<\/jats:sub>, is observed in the forgetting curves, indicating that enhancement of both high dimensionality and memory capacity is attributed to the origin of the performance improvement.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/aisy.202300123","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,29]],"date-time":"2023-06-29T21:24:26Z","timestamp":1688073866000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["A Redox\u2010Based Ion\u2010Gating Reservoir, Utilizing Double Reservoir States in Drain and Gate Nonlinear Responses"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Tomoki","family":"Wada","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA) National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS)  1-1 Namiki Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-0044 Japan"},{"name":"Department of Applied Physics Faculty of Science Tokyo University of Science  6-3-1 Niijuku Katsushika Tokyo 125-8585 Japan"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3369-7700","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daiki","family":"Nishioka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA) National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS)  1-1 Namiki Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-0044 Japan"},{"name":"Department of Applied Physics Faculty of Science Tokyo University of Science  6-3-1 Niijuku Katsushika Tokyo 125-8585 Japan"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4053-7366","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wataru","family":"Namiki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA) National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS)  1-1 Namiki Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-0044 Japan"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6950-6160","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Takashi","family":"Tsuchiya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA) National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS)  1-1 Namiki Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-0044 Japan"},{"name":"Department of Applied Physics Faculty of Science Tokyo University of Science  6-3-1 Niijuku Katsushika Tokyo 125-8585 Japan"}]},{"given":"Tohru","family":"Higuchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Physics Faculty of Science Tokyo University of Science  6-3-1 Niijuku Katsushika Tokyo 125-8585 Japan"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3988-3456","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kazuya","family":"Terabe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA) National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS)  1-1 Namiki Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-0044 Japan"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1091277"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neunet.2019.03.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep00287"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep10487"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevApplied.15.024030"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/2634-4386\/ac4339"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-017-02337-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.5115183"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature23011"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-20692-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M. 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