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The proposed design has the advantages of low inertia, high load\u2010to\u2010weight ratio, and impact resistance. First, to solve the redundant motion\u2010transmission problem, a refined virtual chain method is proposed for the type synthesis of the 4\u2010DOF parallel thigh mechanism. Second, the relationship equation for each actuated wrench component in a reasonable actuated joint arrangement is derived, and the number and location of the actuated joints are determined. Third, by optimizing the design of the hip joint as a 2\u2010DOF counter\u2010centered five\u2010link spherical mechanism with different rotation centers, passive knee and ankle joints are designed based on the bionic principle. This design is performed to make the PBM isotropic and minimize inertia. The proposed PBM can withstand heavy loads and impacts owing to its humanoid crossed four\u2010link knee joint mechanism and compliant calf mechanism. Finally, the prototype is processed, and the rationality of the design and excellent performance of the PBM design are verified by dynamic and static simulations and gait experiments.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/aisy.202300384","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,27]],"date-time":"2023-11-27T18:43:58Z","timestamp":1701110638000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Type Synthesis of a Novel 4\u2010Degrees\u2010of\u2010Freedom Parallel Bipedal Mechanism for Walking Robot"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"6","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-2196-1683","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yue","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Robotics and Systems Harbin Institute of Technology  Harbin Heilongjiang 150001 China"}]},{"given":"Xizhe","family":"Zang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Robotics and Systems Harbin Institute of Technology  Harbin Heilongjiang 150001 China"}]},{"given":"Boyang","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Robotics and Systems Harbin Institute of Technology  Harbin Heilongjiang 150001 China"}]},{"given":"Xuehe","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Robotics and Systems Harbin Institute of Technology  Harbin Heilongjiang 150001 China"}]},{"given":"Yubin","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Robotics and Systems Harbin Institute of Technology  Harbin Heilongjiang 150001 China"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Robotics and Systems Harbin Institute of Technology  Harbin Heilongjiang 150001 China"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5755\/j02.mech.30714"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMECH.2022.3216714"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scirobotics.aay2627"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LRA.2021.3068913"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1115\/1.4056575"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1115\/1.4051539"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mechmachtheory.2022.105029"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s10033-020-00485-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mechmachtheory.2022.105066"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s10033-018-0259-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/rob.21702"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"E.Ambrose W.-L.Ma C.Hubicki A. 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