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This technology has been widely adopted across various surgical disciplines, including general surgery, cardiothoracic surgery, urology, and neurosurgery. By classifying HRC technology into three interactive modes based on the level of autonomy in robot\u2010assisted minimally invasive surgery, key technologies in imaging perception, force sensing, and human\u2013robot interaction control methods are thoroughly explored. In this review, a comprehensive and up\u2010to\u2010date overview of advancements in HRC technology within surgical robotics is provided. Additionally, this review delves into the challenges and safety concerns associated with employing robotic systems in surgery, highlighting areas for improvement and innovation. 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