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However, neural network training for edge computing is currently overly dependent on cloud service platforms, resulting in low adaptivity for fast\u2010changing real\u2010world environments. The training energy efficiency is also strictly constrained by the traditional Von\u2010Neumann architecture with separate memory and processing units. To improve the adaptability and energy efficiency of edge\u2010terminal devices, a fully parallel online neural network training scheme based on electrochemical random\u2010access memory (ECRAM) arrays is proposed and validated. By exploiting the intrinsic linearity and nonlinearity functionalities of ECRAMs brought by varying numbers and amplitudes of programming pulses, a physical implementation of in\u2009situ multiplication using pulse\u2010based training is achieved, realizing fully parallel in\u2009situ computation and storage of outer product between two vectors. 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