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Herein, an artificial intelligence (AI)\u2010assisted target design approach that leverages AI algorithms in combination with particle\u2010in\u2010cell simulations is proposed. This newly AI\u2010optimized structure addresses the limitations of conventional approaches, such as foam targets or wire\u2010array structures. Simulation results demonstrate a neutron yield exceeding three orders of magnitude compared to flat targets and over 18 times greater than that of wire\u2010array targets. This dramatic result demonstrates that the AI\u2010assisted target design method can be effectively applied to other high\u2010intensity laser applications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/aisy.202401102","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,11]],"date-time":"2025-05-11T14:28:21Z","timestamp":1746973701000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Artificial Intelligence\u2010Assisted Target Design for High\u2010Intensity Laser\u2010Driven Neutron Sources"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5260-1823","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Youjing","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Ion\u2010beam Application (MoE) Institute of Modern Physics Fudan University  Shanghai 200433 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kai","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Ion\u2010beam Application (MoE) Institute of Modern Physics Fudan University  Shanghai 200433 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yixin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Ion\u2010beam Application (MoE) Institute of Modern Physics Fudan University  Shanghai 200433 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-1822-5336","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhiguo","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Ion\u2010beam Application (MoE) Institute of Modern Physics Fudan University  Shanghai 200433 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Ion\u2010beam Application (MoE) Institute of Modern Physics Fudan University  Shanghai 200433 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-8140-2424","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yumiao","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Ion\u2010beam Application (MoE) Institute of Modern Physics Fudan University  Shanghai 200433 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5895-7823","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Changbo","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Ion\u2010beam Application (MoE) Institute of Modern Physics Fudan University  Shanghai 200433 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0233-9900","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yu\u2010Gang","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Ion\u2010beam Application (MoE) Institute of Modern Physics Fudan University  Shanghai 200433 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0030-4018(85)90151-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1364\/OL.43.005681"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1364\/OPTICA.420520"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mre.2017.12.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","unstructured":"F.Negoita M.Roth P. 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