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However, most current walking assist robots only support flexion\u2013extension of the hip joint and may restrict the unassisted passive movements of other motions. This would cause major problems when used in daily life for such actions as changing direction, recovering from a stumble, and toileting. To solve these issues, the sliding guide system is conceptualized, a very simple and configurable joint mechanism that allows for 3D movement of the hip joint in walking assist robots. As the human femoral head is almost a perfect sphere, the sliding guide system employs two guide plates that contour spherical surfaces projected from the center of the femoral head. The motor unit assisting flexion\u2013extension is configured with these guide plates to passively slide according to the movements of the assist device wearer and enable unobstructed abduction\u2013adduction and external rotation\u2013internal rotation of the hip joint. While systems of various complexities allowing 3D movement are proposed, the sliding guide system concept represents the simplest and most practical approach for implementation in both conventional and future walking assist robot hip joints.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/aisy.202500323","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,15]],"date-time":"2025-08-15T12:40:08Z","timestamp":1755261608000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Sliding Guide System Concept for 3D Motion of the Hip Joint in Walking Assist Robots"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6424-087X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Naoto","family":"Saito","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Biomedical Sciences Interdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge Research Shinshu University  Matsumoto 390\u20108621 Japan"},{"name":"Community Health Care Research Center Nagano University of Health and Medicine  Nagano 381\u20102227 Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michihiko","family":"Koseki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Textile Science and Technology Shinshu University  Ueda 386\u20108567 Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Minoru","family":"Hashimoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AssistMotion Inc. 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