{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,22]],"date-time":"2026-01-22T08:23:01Z","timestamp":1769070181424,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,18]],"date-time":"2025-08-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755475200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,18]],"date-time":"2025-08-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755475200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Advanced Intelligent Systems"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Under restricted global positioning access, navigating micro aerial vehicles (MAVs) is particularly challenging. Therefore, the ability to autonomously estimate velocity and position based on onboard sensors becomes critical. While vision or radar\u2010based approaches face limitations for MAVs due to payload constraints, poor lighting, or featureless environments, bio\u2010inspired airflow sensing offers a promising alternative. Airflow interaction with MAVs provides continuous motion cues during flight, enabling airflow odometry\u2014a feasible yet accuracy\u2010limited solution. This article presents a novel skin\u2010like airflow odometry system using distributed flexible thermal anemometers embedded in wingtips, allowing real\u2010time motion estimation where conventional methods fail. Computational fluid dynamics is first employed to analyze the feasibility and sensitivity without changing their aerodynamic profile. A transformer\u2010enhanced gated recurrent unit network then extracts high\u2010precision airflow velocity, while model\u2010based multisensor fusion reduces dead\u2010reckoning drift and is validated through experiments. To the authors\u2019 knowledge, this demonstrates the first airflow odometry system with positional accuracy surpassing previous research for MAV applications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/aisy.202500406","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,18]],"date-time":"2025-08-18T19:24:02Z","timestamp":1755545042000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Skin\u2010Like Airflow Odometry for Micro Aerial Vehicles Based on Distributed Thermal Anemometers"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Weicheng","family":"Di","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Aeronautic Science and Engineering Beihang University  Beijing 100191 China"},{"name":"Hangzhou International Innovation Institute Beihang University  Hangzhou 311115 China"}]},{"given":"Shihao","family":"Dang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Aeronautic Science and Engineering Beihang University  Beijing 100191 China"}]},{"given":"Zheng","family":"Gong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation Beihang University  Beijing 100191 China"}]},{"given":"Jiahui","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Aeronautic Science and Engineering Beihang University  Beijing 100191 China"}]},{"given":"Jinwu","family":"Xiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Aeronautic Science and Engineering Beihang University  Beijing 100191 China"}]},{"given":"Yonggang","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation Beihang University  Beijing 100191 China"}]},{"given":"Daochun","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Aeronautic Science and Engineering Beihang University  Beijing 100191 China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7482-1555","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhan","family":"Tu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Unmanned System Beihang University  Beijing 100191 China"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/rs11070838"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TITS.2023.3314836"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICRA.2016.7487626"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asej.2022.102050"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s43020-020-00033-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-47284-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apenergy.2024.123719"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IROS45743.2020.9341797"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s42235-021-00110-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1364\/AO.498171"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICUAS.2018.8453418"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s23052463"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACP55869.2022.10088558"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSEN.2019.2941531"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LRA.2022.3190609"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","volume":"4","author":"Na X.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Systems"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMC.2019.2960780"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","first-page":"1","volume":"15","author":"Wang Z.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Micro Air Veh."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.engappai.2024.108466"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIE.2020.3036243"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1117\/1.OE.59.1.014110"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6501\/abdbd4"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IROS.2015.7353810"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2021.115563"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICRA48506.2021.9561907"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSEN.2018.2890094"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSEN.2021.3139842"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"W.Di X.Dong Z.Wei H.Liu Z.Tu D.Li J.Xiang Drones2025 9 493.","DOI":"10.3390\/drones9070493"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ast.2025.110385"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICRA.2017.7989455"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ast.2017.07.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.nanolett.3c02891"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JMEMS.2021.3067573"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sna.2021.112832"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.snb.2015.11.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18869\/acadpub.jafm.68.235.24600"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSEN.2021.3131669"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JMEMS.2019.2928317"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_40_1","volume":"14","author":"Kim G.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_41_1","first-page":"1","volume":"74","author":"Xiao K.","year":"2025","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/Transducers50396.2021.9495732"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSEN.2024.3494801"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIE.2024.3488326"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSEN.2023.3269661"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSEN.2019.2917697"}],"container-title":["Advanced Intelligent Systems"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/aisy.202500406","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/aisy.202500406","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/aisy.202500406","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]],"date-time":"2026-01-21T16:50:36Z","timestamp":1769014236000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/aisy.202500406"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,18]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/aisy.202500406"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/aisy.202500406","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2640-4567","2640-4567"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2640-4567","type":"print"},{"value":"2640-4567","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,18]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-04-09","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-08-18","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"2500406"}}