{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,22]],"date-time":"2026-01-22T08:05:20Z","timestamp":1769069120377,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,24]],"date-time":"2025-07-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1753315200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,24]],"date-time":"2025-07-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1753315200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100014188","name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RS\u20102023\u201000208052"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS\u20102023\u201000208052"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100014188","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100014188","name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RS\u20102023\u201000251781"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS\u20102023\u201000251781"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100014188","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Advanced Intelligent Systems"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This study presents a novel design method for the finger body of Exo\u2010Glove Poly II (EGP II) that enhances functionality and wearability by minimizing distortion and achieving user\u2010preferred stretchability. Minimizing distortion restores the intended flexion moment arms at the finger joints, ensuring target functionality. User\u2010preferred stretchability minimizes constraints on the user's finger flexion, improving wearability. To satisfy these conflicting goals, the finger body as a longitudinally periodic structure and develop a corresponding unit cell\u2010level optimization is developed. Specifically, finger body\u2010level evaluations are converted into equivalent unit cell\u2010level analyses. A novel metric, distortional compliance\u2014defined as a weighted sum of unit cell\u2010level compliances\u2014is introduced as the optimization objective. To account for large deformation effects, a two\u2010step optimization approach is employed: topology optimization under a linear elastic assumption, followed by size optimization considering material and geometric nonlinearities. Experimental validation considers three users with different hand sizes. Results show that the optimized designs reduce distortion by 54.9% on average compared to the previous version, while achieving target stretchability within a 4.43% error. The optimized EGP II exhibits minimal distortion, increased grasping force (15.3% on average), and user\u2010preferred wearability, thereby demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed method.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/aisy.202500411","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,24]],"date-time":"2025-07-24T22:38:39Z","timestamp":1753396719000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Topology Optimization of Exo\u2010Glove Poly II for Enhancing Functionality and Wearability"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9189-2312","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Soomin","family":"Choi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical Engineering Kyungpook National University  Daegu 41566 South Korea"}]},{"given":"Kyu Bum","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering Seoul National University  Seoul 08826 South Korea"}]},{"given":"Donguk","family":"Kwon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical Engineering Kyungpook National University  Daegu 41566 South Korea"}]},{"given":"Brian Byunghyun","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics Sejong University  Seoul 05006 South Korea"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2555-5048","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kyu\u2010Jin","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering Seoul National University  Seoul 08826 South Korea"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TRO.2021.3084466"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aisy.202100140"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/soro.2019.0135"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aisy.202400266"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aisy.202400700"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MRA.2014.2362863"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12984-016-0214-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/frobt.2020.595862"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MRA.2019.2955669"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LRA.2019.2963636"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LRA.2024.3455947"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0173730"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scirobotics.abe1243"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LRA.2022.3182106"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","first-page":"1","author":"Asbeck A. T.","year":"2013","journal-title":"IEEE Int. Conf. Rehabil. Robot."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0278364914562476"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scirobotics.aan6708"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scirobotics.aar5438"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LRA.2020.2965072"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scirobotics.abj1362"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LRA.2019.2908491"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-665X\/ab78b5"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_24_1","first-page":"2812","author":"Lee S.","year":"2018","journal-title":"IEEE Int. Conf. Robot. Autom."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_25_1","first-page":"317","author":"Galiana I.","year":"2012","journal-title":"IEEE\/RSJ Int. Conf. Intell. Robots Syst."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.robot.2017.03.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_27_1","first-page":"159","volume":"22","author":"In H.","year":"2016","journal-title":"IEEE\u2010ASME Trans. Mechatron."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aisy.202000002"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aisy.202300127"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/soro.2017.0046"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/soro.2017.0088"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0228536"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LRA.2019.2931607"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/soro.2018.0006"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LRA.2020.2966391"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scirobotics.aav2949"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0278364920907151"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_38_1","first-page":"777","author":"Bae J.","year":"2010","journal-title":"ASME Dyn. Syst. Control Conf."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0141-5425(93)90057-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/natrevmats.2017.66"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1115\/1.2804743"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.4709436"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-665X\/ac3c08"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1217998110"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.110.215501"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0964-1726\/23\/9\/094012"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1417276111"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1506048112"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aax1464"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202314123"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_51_1","volume-title":"Topology Optimization: Theory, Methods, and Applications","author":"Bendsoe M. P.","year":"2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00158-013-0978-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aisy.202300505"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_54_1","unstructured":"Hibbitt Karlsson and Sorensen \u201cABAQUS\/Standard: User's manual \u201d Hibbitt Karlsson & Sorensen 1997."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_55_1","volume-title":"Introduction to Nonlinear Finite Element Analysis","author":"Kim N. H.","year":"2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-665X\/ac383a"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004190050248"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nme.1620240207"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_59_1","volume-title":"Elements of Structural Optimization","author":"Haftka R. T.","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/4235.996017"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMECH.2020.3048962"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMRB.2020.3046847"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_63_1","author":"Shentu C.","year":"2024","journal-title":"arXiv Preprint"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TRO.2018.2838548"}],"container-title":["Advanced Intelligent Systems"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/aisy.202500411","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/aisy.202500411","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/aisy.202500411","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]],"date-time":"2026-01-21T16:51:44Z","timestamp":1769014304000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/aisy.202500411"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,24]]},"references-count":63,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/aisy.202500411"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/aisy.202500411","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2640-4567","2640-4567"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2640-4567","type":"print"},{"value":"2640-4567","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-04-11","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-07-24","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"2500411"}}