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Lod score analyses were suggestive of linkage for several markers on the distal end of the chromosome; however, no lod score exceeded 3 assuming either autosomal dominant or autosomal recessive transmission. The highest lod score was 2.09 (theta = 0.10) for marker D22S276 under autosomal recessive inheritance. Based on simulation analyses, this result is unlikely to represent a false positive. Analyses using information from affected individuals only resulted in reduced lod scores, with a maximum of 1.40 (theta = 0.05) for D22S276 assuming autosomal recessive inheritance. Two nonparametric methods, sib pair analysis and the Affected\u2010Pedigree\u2010Member method, also yielded suggestive but inconclusive findings; results were positive, but strict thresholds of significance were not met. Additionally, we tested one candidate gene, the Arylsulfatase A gene, located in the region of 22q13.31\u2010qter. Results were again inconclusive, though the DNA marker available for this gene was a 2\u2010allele RFLP with heterozygosity of 0.5, and therefore not maximally informative. Further investigation of this chromosomal region and this and other candidate genes may be warranted. \u00a9 1994 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.1320540112","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,11]],"date-time":"2005-06-11T17:50:17Z","timestamp":1118512217000},"page":"72-79","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":107,"title":["Analysis of chromosome 22 markers in nine schizophrenia pedigrees"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"Hilary","family":"Coon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Holik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Hoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fred","family":"Reimherr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Wender","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marina","family":"Myles\u2010Worsley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Merilyne","family":"Waldo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Freedman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"William","family":"Byerley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.88.4.1484"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/19.14.4022"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","first-page":"2046","article-title":"Regional assignment of the Guanine Nucleotide Binding Protein, GNAZ, to chromosome 22","volume":"54","author":"Budarf ML","year":"1991","journal-title":"Cytogenet Cell Genet [A27063]"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","first-page":"327","article-title":"Linkage analysis of schizophrenia with five dopamine receptor genes in nine pedigrees","volume":"52","author":"Coon H","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.1320540111"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-3223(93)90085-R"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","volume-title":"The Biochemical Basis of Neuropharmacology","author":"Cooper JR","year":"1982"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/geno.1993.1288"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","first-page":"52","article-title":"Use of research diagnostic criteria and the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia","volume":"135","author":"Endicott J","year":"1979","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/356162a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","volume-title":"Genome Data Base","year":"1992"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/349704a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","volume-title":"Schizophrenia: The Epigenetic Puzzle","author":"Gottesman I","year":"1982"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/gepi.1370060145"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.2270482"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/18.22.6746-a"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/354155a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","first-page":"171","article-title":"Genetic heterogeneity in metachromatic leukodystrophy","volume":"34","author":"Kihara H","year":"1982","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.81.11.3443"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01790100"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","first-page":"2049","article-title":"Assignment of the brain 14\u20133.3 protein gene to chromosome 22","volume":"54","author":"Minoshima S","year":"1991","journal-title":"Cytogenet Cell Genet [A26924]"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.86.11.4175"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","volume-title":"Analysis of Human Genetic Linkage","author":"Ott J","year":"1991"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_1","first-page":"1034","article-title":"Linkage studies in familial Alzheimer disease: Evident for chromosome 19 linkage","volume":"48","author":"Pericak\u2010Vance MA","year":"1991","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/19.8.1961-a"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_1","unstructured":"PulverAE WolyniecP MeltonS LiangKY(1993)Familial vs. non\u2010familial schizophrenia. 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