{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T01:07:42Z","timestamp":1759972062335,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,22]],"date-time":"2007-03-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1174521600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":9882,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Am. Soc. Inf. Sci."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1980,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>A brief description of the current field of Science and Technology Information Transfer clearly indicates that it suffers from a number of problems which cannot be solved unless a <jats:italic>whole\u2010system<\/jats:italic> perspective is adopted. A planning methodology is needed which would allow us to organize a cooperative effort of different stakeholders to design an image of the desired system. Idealized planning is such a methodology. It was applied in a large participative planning effort aimed at an idealized design of a Scientific Communication and Technology Transfer System. This design is briefly described. Various alternative strategies for implementing change in the field of science and technology information transfer are reviewed. Difficulties arising from incrementalist and rational\u2010comprehensive approaches are contrasted. The role of a planner in implementing change is also discussed. Finally, the experience generated with the idealized planning approach is used in order to build a typology of stakeholders in the field. They are categorized by personal traits and by institutional characteristics.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/asi.4630310202","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,6,28]],"date-time":"2007-06-28T07:23:37Z","timestamp":1183015417000},"page":"67-74","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["The implementation of SCATT"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Peter","family":"Davis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wladimir","family":"Sachs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","unstructured":"Ackoff R. L.;Cowan T. A.;Davis P.;Sachs W. M.;Emery J. C.;Meditz M. L.;Elton M. C. J.The SCATT Report. March1976"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_3","unstructured":"Davis P.;Freeman R. E.SCATT: The Road to Implementation. May1977Report to NSF."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_4","unstructured":"Davis P.; et al.SCATT and Institutional Change. August1979Report to NSF."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","unstructured":"Davis P.;Krejs F.\u201cThe Challenge of Retrenchment and the Future of Research Libraries\u201d. Working Paper Wharton School University of Pennsylvania 1979"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_3","unstructured":"Davis P.;Krejs F.\u201cModels of the Future and Library Planning\u201d. Working Paper Wharton School University of Pennsylvania 1979"},{"volume-title":"Little Science, Big Science","year":"1963","key":"e_1_2_1_4_2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Maron M. E.;Kuhns J. L.\u201cOn Relevance Probabilistic Indexing and Information Retrieval\u201d.Journal of the ACM.216\u2013244;1960","DOI":"10.1145\/321033.321035"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","unstructured":"Ackoff R. L.; et al.:The SCATT Report. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press;1976"},{"volume-title":"The Brain of the Firm","year":"1972","author":"Beer S.","key":"e_1_2_1_7_2"},{"volume-title":"Semantic Information Processing","year":"1968","author":"Minsky M.","key":"e_1_2_1_8_2"},{"volume-title":"Redesigning the Future","year":"1974","author":"Ackoff R. L.","key":"e_1_2_1_9_2"},{"volume-title":"The Active Society","year":"1968","author":"Etzioni A.","key":"e_1_2_1_10_2"},{"volume-title":"Steps to an Ecology of Mind","year":"1972","author":"Bateson G.","key":"e_1_2_1_11_2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_2","first-page":"329","volume-title":"Understanding Human Nature","author":"Hilgard E. R.","year":"1963"},{"volume-title":"The Methodology of the Social Sciences","year":"1969","author":"Weber M.","key":"e_1_2_1_13_2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/973677"},{"volume-title":"The Intelligence of Democracy","year":"1965","author":"Lindblom C. 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F.","year":"1975","journal-title":"Harvard Business Review."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/973394"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4613-4557-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01944366508978187"}],"container-title":["Journal of the American Society for Information Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fasi.4630310202","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/asistdl.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/asi.4630310202","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]],"date-time":"2025-10-08T18:54:22Z","timestamp":1759949662000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/asistdl.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/asi.4630310202"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1980,3]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1980,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/asi.4630310202"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/asi.4630310202","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-8231","1097-4571"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0002-8231"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1097-4571"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1980,3]]}}}