{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,25]],"date-time":"2025-09-25T18:20:00Z","timestamp":1758824400740},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1993,4,1]],"date-time":"1993-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":733622400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1993,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Calcium reduces colorectal cell turnover and might therefore protect against neoplasia. The inhibitory effects of dietary calcium were tested in a double-blind controlled trial in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis who had undergone previous abdominal colectomy and ileorectal anastomosis. Patients received supplemental calcium carbonate (1500 mg\/day) or placebo tablets for 6 months; sigmoidoscopy was performed before and after treatment. Rectal biopsies were maintained in short-term organ culture, and crypt cell production rate (CCPR) was measured stathmokinetically. A total of 25 patients completed the trial; polyp counts were obtained before and after treatment in all and CCPR values in 16. Calcium treatment reduced the mean(s.e.m.) CCPR from 4.72(0.48) to 2.42(0.48) cells per crypt per h (P &amp;lt; 0.05), while values for placebo were unchanged (5.46(1.21) versus 5.08(1.17) cells per crypt per h). Calcium had no demonstrable effect on the number, size or distribution of rectal polyps. The ability of oral calcium supplementation to suppress rectal epithelial proliferation supports its potential to prevent development of colorectal carcinoma in high-risk individuals.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.1800800432","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,3]],"date-time":"2007-03-03T17:49:19Z","timestamp":1172944159000},"page":"499-501","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Oral calcium inhibits rectal epithelial proliferation in familial adenomatous polyposis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"80","author":[{"given":"M G","family":"Thomas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, Hammersmith Hospital , London,","place":["UK"]}]},{"given":"J P S","family":"Thomson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Polyposis Registry, St Mark's Hospital , London,","place":["UK"]}]},{"given":"R C N","family":"Williamson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, Hammersmith Hospital , London,","place":["UK"]}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1993,4,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024092812565524100_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.1800710309","article-title":"Relative effects of ileal resection and bypass on intestinal adaptation and carcinogenesis","volume":"71","author":"Rainey","year":"1984","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"key":"2024092812565524100_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(81)90599-0","article-title":"Colostomy closure promotes cell proliferation and dimethylhydrazine-induced carcinogenesis in rat distal colon","volume":"81","author":"Terpstra","year":"1981","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"2024092812565524100_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.1983.220","article-title":"Adaptation and carcinogenesis in defunctioned rat colon: divergent effects of faeces and bile acids","volume":"48","author":"Rainey","year":"1983","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"2024092812565524100_bib4","first-page":"235","article-title":"Biomarkers of increased susceptibility to gastrointestinal cancer: new applications of studies of cancer prevention in human subjects","volume":"48","author":"Lipkin","year":"1988","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"2024092812565524100_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1381","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198511283132203","article-title":"Effects of added dietary calcium on colonic epithelial-cell proliferation in subjects at high risk for familial colonic cancer","volume":"313","author":"Lipkin","year":"1985","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2024092812565524100_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"704","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(87)90021-7","article-title":"Abnormal patterns of cell proliferation in the entire colonic mucosa of patients with colon adenoma or cancer","volume":"92","author":"Terpstra","year":"1987","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"2024092812565524100_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1018","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.1800731229","article-title":"Increased dietary calcium and small bowel resection have opposite effects on colonic cell turnover","volume":"73","author":"Appleton","year":"1986","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"key":"2024092812565524100_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.1800740635","article-title":"Inhibition of intestinal carcinogenesis by dietary supplementation with calcium","volume":"74","author":"Appleton","year":"1987","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"key":"2024092812565524100_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(85)91082-7","article-title":"Dietary vitamin D and calcium and risk of colorectal cancer","volume":"i","author":"Garland","year":"1985","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2024092812565524100_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1079\/BJN19840023","article-title":"The importance of fortification of flour with calcium and the source of calcium in the diet of 375 English adolescents","volume":"51","author":"Hackett","year":"1984","journal-title":"Br J Nutr"},{"key":"2024092812565524100_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1080\/07315724.1985.10720076","article-title":"Magnesium and calcium dietary intakes of US population","volume":"4","author":"Morgan","year":"1985","journal-title":"J Am Coll Nutr"},{"key":"2024092812565524100_bib12","first-page":"643","article-title":"The metaphase arrest technique - 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