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This integration allows real\u2010time simulation of industrial processes in a safe, immersive and interactive environment, facilitating the design, testing and validation of control strategies without the need for a physical plant. As part of the study, usability tests were carried out to verify whether the proposed solution is suitable for use as a teaching resource by engineering students. The evaluation was applied to two groups of 20 students each, who interacted with the virtual environment and executed control and monitoring tasks of the simulated process. The results obtained show a satisfactory acceptance of the platform, highlighting its usefulness as a support tool for the understanding and manipulation of automated processes in a controlled environment. This approach proves to be an efficient, safe and scalable alternative for training in industrial automation, aligned with the principles of Industry 4.0.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cae.70101","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,30]],"date-time":"2025-10-30T08:16:49Z","timestamp":1761812209000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["A Hardware\u2010in\u2010the\u2010Loop and 3D Simulation Framework for Active Learning in Engineering Education"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9085-4402","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jessica S.","family":"Ortiz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de El\u00e9ctrica, Electr\u00f3nica y Telecomunicaciones Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas ESPE Sangolqu\u00ed Ecuador"}]},{"given":"Manuel A.","family":"Masapanta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Energ\u00eda y Mec\u00e1nica Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas ESPE Sangolqu\u00ed Ecuador"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8127-1595","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"V\u00edctor H.","family":"Andaluz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de El\u00e9ctrica, Electr\u00f3nica y Telecomunicaciones Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas ESPE Sangolqu\u00ed Ecuador"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0246-8523","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christian P.","family":"Carvajal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro del Investigaci\u00f3n MIST, Facultad de Ingenier\u00edas Universidad Tecnol\u00f3gica Indoam\u00e9rica Ambato Ecuador"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/en15176276"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.susoc.2022.01.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.iotcps.2023.04.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procs.2022.07.094"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matpr.2021.01.583"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bse.2910"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/su132212506"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14783363.2021.1944082"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/ITSE\u201011\u20102021\u20100201"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M.Ghobakhloo M.Iranmanesh M.Fathi A.Rejeb B.Foroughi andD.Nikbin \u201cBeyond Industry 4.0: A Systematic Review of Industry 5.0 Technologies and Implications for Social Environmental and Economic Sustainability \u201dAsia\u2010Pacific Journal of Business Administration(2024). ahead\u2010of\u2010printhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108\/APJBA\u201008\u20102023\u20100384.","DOI":"10.1108\/APJBA-08-2023-0384"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/JMTM\u201009\u20102018\u20100325"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijis.2023.03.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"J. 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