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The virtual robotic arm, implemented as a 6\u2010DOF industrial manipulator in Unity, is controlled through simplified BCI commands: forward\/backward movement along the z\u2010axis based on motor imagery strength, with automatic grasping triggered by sustained attention thresholds. Twenty\u2010five participants completed 30 trials, each following a 60\u2010s protocol with five phases: rest, target presentation, preparation, execution, and feedback. Results demonstrated that the hybrid BCI system achieved superior performance compared to EEG\u2010only control: 8.5% improvement in task success rate, 34.5% increase in positioning accuracy, and 46.2% reduction in cognitive load. The CNN\u2010LSTM architecture achieved 86.3% motor imagery classification accuracy. Learning effects were observed within trials, with performance plateauing after 3.8\u2009\u00b1\u20090.7 attempts. Time\u2010frequency analysis revealed hierarchical neural coordination mechanisms underlying the tri\u2010manual control. This research validates the feasibility of augmented manipulation in virtual environments, establishing a foundation for advanced human\u2010robot collaboration in animation and VR applications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cav.70072","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,18]],"date-time":"2025-10-18T15:55:16Z","timestamp":1760802916000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Human\u2010Robot Interaction: Integrating\n                    <scp>BCI<\/scp>\n                    \u2010Controlled Virtual Robotic Arm With Manual Control in\n                    <scp>VR<\/scp>\n                    Environment"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Jian","family":"Teng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Lingnan Normal University  Zhanjiang China"},{"name":"College of Education Sehan University  Yeongam Jeollanam\u2010do Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sukyoung","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Education Sehan University  Yeongam Jeollanam\u2010do Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shaw\u2010mung","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Technology Research Institute Arrow Technology Company  ZhuHai China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,18]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","first-page":"363","article-title":"Brain\u2010Computer Interfaces for Communication and Rehabilitation","volume":"13","author":"Chaudhary U.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nature Reviews Neurology"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1388-2457(02)00057-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnbot.2023.1146415"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11517-024-03070-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s43856-024-00635-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0305864"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-73755-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neunet.2020.12.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3934\/era.2023121"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSRE.2024.3435016"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bspc.2020.101845"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Development of LSTM&CNN Based Hybrid Deep Learning Model to Classify Motor Imagery Tasks","volume":"2021","author":"Uyulan C.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Communications in Mathematical Biology and Neuroscience"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2022.105288"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1214546110"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2016.11.042"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/math10040618"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1741-2552\/aab2f2"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2012.12.050"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2014.07.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00998842"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCYB.2018.2841847"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","article-title":"Comparative Analysis of Spectral and Temporal Combinations in CSP\u2010Based Methods for Decoding Hand Motor Imagery Tasks","volume":"368","author":"Blanco\u2010D\u00edaz C. 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