{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,21]],"date-time":"2025-09-21T18:03:33Z","timestamp":1758477813892},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,2,24]],"date-time":"2003-02-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1046044800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Radial spokes and the consequences of their relationships with the central apparatus seem to play a very important role in the regulation of axonemal activity. We modeled their behavior and observed that it appears to differ in the cilium and the flagellum with respect to the development of bending as a function of time. Specifically, our calculation raises the question of the real function of the radial spokes in the regulation of the axoneme, because a given curvature of the flagellar axoneme may correspond to two opposite of their tilts. The stable nil\/low amplitude shear points that we had characterized along the flagellum allowed us to describe their axoneme as a series of modules [Cibert, 2002: <jats:italic>Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton<\/jats:italic> 51:89\u2013111]. We observed that a nil\/low shearing point moves along each module during beating when a new bend is created at the base of the flagellum [Cibert, 2001: <jats:italic>Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton<\/jats:italic> 49:161\u2013175]. We propose that the structural gradients of isoforms of tubulin could be basic verniers that act as structural references for the axonemal machinery during the beating. This allowed us to interpret the axonemal organization as a segmented structure, that could be analyzed according to the complexion<jats:sup>1<\/jats:sup> theory and Shannon's information theory, which associate entropy and probability in the creation of information. The important consequence of this interpretation is that regulation of the axonemal machinery appears to be due to the upstream and downstream cross\u2010talk between the axonemal segments that do not involve any dedicated integrative structure but depend on the energy level of the entire length of each module. Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton 54:296\u2013316, 2003. \u00a9 2003 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:sup>1<\/jats:sup>Complexion was defined by Boltzman in 1877 and used by Planck in 1900 to calculate the energy distribution of a normal spectrum [Morowitz, 1970].<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cm.10100","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,2,25]],"date-time":"2003-02-25T14:01:20Z","timestamp":1046181680000},"page":"296-316","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Entropy and information in flagellar axoneme cybernetics: A radial spokes integrative function"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"Christian","family":"Cibert","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,2,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"831","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.113.5.831","article-title":"Calcium regulation of microtubule sliding in reactivated sea urchin sperm flagella","volume":"113","author":"Bannai H","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Cell Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.2928796"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00121129"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0169(1997)38:2<115::AID-CM1>3.0.CO;2-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(97)78126-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0169(200010)47:2<108::AID-CM2>3.0.CO;2-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(01)75790-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cm.10067"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1367-2630\/2\/1\/324"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0301-4622(01)00153-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cm.1030"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cm.10016"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cm.970100408"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cm.970310208"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.102.4.1378"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","first-page":"241","volume-title":"Control of sperm motility: biological and clinical aspect","author":"De Lamirande E","year":"1990"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","volume-title":"Information, complexit\u00e9 et hasard","author":"Delahaye J\u2010P","year":"1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/jrf.0.1160113"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1984.tb38327.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","first-page":"190","volume-title":"The mathematics of physics and chemistry","author":"Gallager R","year":"1964"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","first-page":"225","article-title":"Sliding and bending in sea urchin sperm flagella","volume":"35","author":"Gibbons IR","year":"1982","journal-title":"Symp Soc Exp Biol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1091\/mbc.9.2.513"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.22.12240"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.88.18.7918"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cm.10044"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(82)90381-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrd.10086"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1105","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.111.8.1105","article-title":"Proteasomes regulate the motility of salmonid fish sperm through modulation of cAMP\u2010dependent phosphorylation of an outer arm dynein light chain","volume":"111","author":"Inaba K","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Cell Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(93)81210-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2833","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.109.12.2833","article-title":"Calcium\u2010dependent bidirectional power stroke of the dynein arms in sea urchin sperm axonemes","volume":"109","author":"Ishijima S","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Cell Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod67.2.423"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jtbi.1994.1097"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cm.10049"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.114.11.1981"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_36_1","volume-title":"Entropy for biologists","author":"Morowitz H","year":"1970"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.65.2.401","article-title":"Mechanical stimulation of starfish sperm flagella","volume":"65","author":"Okuno M","year":"1976","journal-title":"J Exp Biol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.87.1.33"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1091\/mbc.10.1.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(01)76230-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1768-322X.1999.tb01113.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_42_1","first-page":"237","article-title":"On the theory of the energy distribution law of the normal spectrum","volume":"2","author":"Planck M","year":"1900","journal-title":"Verhandl Dtsch Phys Ges"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.151.5.F37"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_44_1","volume-title":"El\u00e9ments de math\u00e9matiques du signal","author":"Reinhard H","year":"1997"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0764-4469(00)01291-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.153.2.443"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1091\/mbc.12.3.739"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0169(1998)41:2<91::AID-CM1>3.0.CO;2-I"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1359","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.108.4.1359","article-title":"Cyclical bending movements induced locally by successive iontophoretic applications of ATP to elastase treated flagellar axonemes","volume":"108","author":"Shingyoji C","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Cell Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cm.10031"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cm.10041"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.63.1.35"},{"issue":"046105","key":"e_1_2_1_53_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Information theory based on non additive information content","volume":"63","author":"Yamano T","year":"2001","journal-title":"Phys Rev"}],"container-title":["Cell Motility"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fcm.10100","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/cm.10100","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,18]],"date-time":"2023-11-18T02:51:37Z","timestamp":1700275897000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/cm.10100"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2003,2,24]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/cm.10100"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cm.10100","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0886-1544"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0886-1544","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2003,2,24]]}}}