{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,13]],"date-time":"2025-09-13T16:30:47Z","timestamp":1757781047195},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,2,4]],"date-time":"2005-02-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1107475200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":6609,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1987,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Calcium and calmodulin are believed in play a significant role in the regulation of mitosis, because they are both localized in the mitotic spindle and because they can potentiate microtubule depolymerization in the test tube and in the living cell. It has been hypothesized, specifically, that calcium\u2010saturated calmodulin drives the shortening of the kinetochore microtubules that must occur during prometaphase, when the chromosomes congress to the metaphase plate, and during anaphase A, when the half\u2010spindles shorten. We have examined the role of calmodulin in mitosis by observing the consequences of calmodulin microinjection on the progress of mitosis and morphology of the mitotic spindle in PtK2 cells. We have found that the injection of excess calcium\u2010saturated calmodulin during early prometaphase significantly prolongs the time required for the cell to go into anaphase, and that neither calcium\u2010depleted calmodulin nor buffer alone produce a similar perturbation. Calcium ion alone produces a similar but much smaller retardation of mitosis. Immunofluorescence and fluorescent analogue cytochemical studies of spindle morphology reveal that the immediate (&lt;5\u2010min) effect of calcium\u2010saturated calmodulin on prometaphase spindles is a significant shortening of the kinetochore fibers and \u201cinterpolar\u201d microtubules but not the astral microtubules. After this perturbation, however, the spindle quickly recovers its normal form. An equivalent transient shortening of the spindle fibers is seen following the injection of calcium chloride solutions but not after the injection of calciumdepleted calmodulin or buffer alone. Taken together, these observations suggest that calcium\u2010saturated calmodulin plays a significant role in the regulation of mitosis, and that this regulatory pathway involves more than spindle fiber shortening.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cm.970070102","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,2,24]],"date-time":"2005-02-24T04:27:20Z","timestamp":1109219240000},"page":"1-9","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Effect of microinjectecd calcium\u2010calmodulin on mitosis in PtK2 cells"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Charles H.","family":"Keith","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,2,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","volume-title":"International Cell Biology 1980\u20131981","author":"Cande W. Z.","year":"1981"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/316168a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.78.2.996"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0143-4160(83)90002-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(82)90373-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","first-page":"428a","article-title":"Quin2 fluorescence in HeLa cells during the course of mitosis","volume":"99","author":"Fannin F. F.","year":"1984","journal-title":"J. Cell Biol."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.73.2.366"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","first-page":"3890","article-title":"Effects of different cations on the affinity of calmodulin for calcium: A possible model for the specific activation of calmodulin\u2010stimulated enzymes","volume":"30","author":"Haisch J.","year":"1981","journal-title":"Biochem."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.100.5.1363"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(78)90335-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00329497"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.88.1.234"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.97.6.1918"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","first-page":"42a","article-title":"Anticalmodulin agents slow the progression of cells through metaphase","volume":"97","author":"Keith C. H.","year":"1983","journal-title":"J. Cell Biol."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.82.3.800"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/316848a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.88.3.604"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.99.6.2146"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.75.8.3771"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","first-page":"313","volume-title":"Calcium and Cell Function","author":"Margolis R. L.","year":"1983"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/285073a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.1982.62.1.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bi00684a032"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0039-9140(67)80105-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_1","first-page":"148a","article-title":"Spatial distribution of free calcium during fertilization and the first cell cycle","volume":"101","author":"Poenie M.","year":"1985","journal-title":"J. Cell Biol."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.83.14.5136"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.85.3.853"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.86.2.355"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.99.6.2157"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.99.6.2165"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_32_1","first-page":"148a","article-title":"Effects of calcium, forskolin, and trifluoroperazine on the passage of metaphase HeLa cells through mitosis","volume":"101","author":"Sarma V.","year":"1985","journal-title":"J. Cell Biol."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.99.6.2175"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1488","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.03-07-01488.1983","article-title":"Pressure microinjection of nerve growth factor and anti\u2010nerve growth factor into the nucleus and cytoplasm: Lack of effects on neurite outgrowth","volume":"3","author":"Seeley P. J.","year":"1983","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(80)90525-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.101.2.488"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0143-4160(81)90027-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4827(83)90188-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.177.4054.1104"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.75.4.1867"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.81.3.624"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.86.2.500"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4827(83)90350-6"}],"container-title":["Cell Motility"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fcm.970070102","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/cm.970070102","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,22]],"date-time":"2023-10-22T18:40:40Z","timestamp":1698000040000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/cm.970070102"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1987,1]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1987,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/cm.970070102"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cm.970070102","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0886-1544"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0886-1544","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1987,1]]}}}