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Subsequently the topography of the projection of these mesencephalic neurons on the basal forebrain and striatum was analyzed using the anterograde transport\u2010autoradiographic tracing method and the retrograde transport\u2010horseradish peroxidase (HRP) technique. The results of these anatomical studies were correlated with the biochemical and histochemical studies presented in previous reports (Moore, 1978; Fallon and Moore, 1978; Fallon et al., 1978) to provide the following conclusions. The topography of the DA neuron projection on the basal forebrain and neostriatum is organized in three planes, dorsal\u2010ventral, medial\u2010lateral and anterior\u2010posterior. DA cells are found almost exclusively in the substantia nigra (SN) and ventral tegmental area (VTA). Ventral cells of the SN and VTA project to the dorsal structures of the basal forebrain such as the septum, nucleus accumbens and neostriatum. The latter includes some DA cells located ventrally in the pars reticulata of the SN. Dorsal cells project to ventral structures. The medial\u2010lateral topography is organized such that the medial sectors of the SN\u2010VTA area project to the medial parts of nuclei in the basal forebrain and neostriatum whereas lateral sectors of the SN\u2010VTA area project to the lateral parts of nuclei in the basal forebrain and neostriatum. An anterior\u2010posterior topography also is evident such that anterior parts of the SN\u2010VTA project anteriorly whereas the posterior SN\u2010VTA projects more posteriorly in these areas. These observations are consistent with the view that the DA neurons of the SN\u2010VTA complex form a single nuclear group with a highly topographically organized projection innervating not only deep nuclei of the telencephalon but allocortical structures as well.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.901800310","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,1,1]],"date-time":"2005-01-01T18:28:31Z","timestamp":1104604111000},"page":"545-579","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1007,"title":["Catecholamine innervation of the basal forebrain IV. 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