{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,18]],"date-time":"2025-10-18T10:17:50Z","timestamp":1760782670318},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,10,9]],"date-time":"2004-10-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1097280000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":9034,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J of Comparative Neurology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1980,1,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The time of origin (birthday) of Rohon\u2010Beard cells in <jats:italic>Xenopus laevis<\/jats:italic> was studied by <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>H\u2010thymidine autoradiography. Rohon\u2010Beard cells were selected because they are a morphologically identifiable population of neurons in which the development of chemical and electrical excitability has been studied. A single injection of a radioactive DNA precursor was given to animals in successive stages of development from blastula to late tail bud (Nieuwkoop and Faber stages 8\u201333\/34). The label was available throughout the stage of injection and longer. The labeling pattern was examined when animals had reached stage 42, when Rohon\u2010Beard cells are easily recognized. All neurons including Rohon\u2010Beard cells were labeled in animals injected with <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>H\u2010thymidine before stage 10 1\/2 (early gastrula). Unlabeled Rohon\u2010Beard cells were observed in animals injected with <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>H\u2010thymidine in and after stage 10 1\/2. The percentage of unlabeled Rohon\u2010Beard cells increased as development progressed. About 80% were born by the completion of gastrulation (stage 13). The other \u223c20% were born during neurulation and early tail bud stages. By stage 27, no Rohon\u2010Beard neuron incorporated <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>H\u2010thymidine. In addition to Rohon\u2010Beard neurons, five other neuronal populations begin generation during gastrulation: Mauthner neurons (Vargas\u2010Lizardi and Lyser, '74), trigeminal ganglion cells, large basal plate cells of the medulla, extramedullary neurons, and primary motor neurons. The first birthdays in any of the six populations are temporally close to but appear to be independent of the others.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.901890208","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,1,1]],"date-time":"2005-01-01T23:12:15Z","timestamp":1104621135000},"page":"323-333","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":146,"title":["Rohon\u2010beard cells and other large neurons in <i>Xenopus<\/i> embryos originate during gastrulation"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"189","author":[{"given":"Janet E.","family":"Lamborghini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,10,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/10.2.204"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1977.sp011992"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00521952"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.900240205"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-017917-9.50033-0","volume-title":"Wenner\u2010Gren Center International Symposium Series, Vol. 22, Dynamics of degeneration and growth in neurons","author":"Cohen A.","year":"1974"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0012-1606(70)90149-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jez.1400780407"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","first-page":"437","article-title":"A description of the technique of nuclear transplantation in Xenopus laevis","volume":"8","author":"Elsdale T. 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