{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T23:52:32Z","timestamp":1778025152063,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,10,9]],"date-time":"2004-10-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1097280000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":8835,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J of Comparative Neurology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1980,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Microelectrode recordings were made in the binocular portion of the tree shrew striate cortex to determine how orientation selective cells are distributed topographically in area 17 of this species. Seventy\u2010five percent of the cells sampled were activated well by elongated visual stimuli and were quite selective for stimulus orientation. Ninety\u2010five percent of the orientation\u2010selective cells had orientation tuning ranges (Wilson and Sherman, '76) between \u00b1 5\u00b0 and \u00b1 40\u00b0 from their optimal orientation.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Orientation\u2010selective cells with the same or similar optimal orientations were distributed in cortex in a columnar manner (Hubel and Wiesel, '62), as determined from electrode penetrations nearly normal to the cortical surface. Penetrations parallel to the cortical surface revealed a highly ordered representation of optimal stimulus orientation, generally characterized by sequential changes in optimal orientation with electrode movement across the striate cortex. In addition, relatively consistent differences were observed in the rates and patterns of orientation shift on these penetrations depending on the direction of electrode movement across the cortex. Penetrations parallel to the 17\u201318 border yielded moderate\u2010to\u2010high rates of orientation change (mean slope = 434\u00b0\/mm), with the changes genearlly progressing through a complete clockwise or counterclockwise cycle of 180\u00b0 or more before a major reversal in the direction of orientation shift was encountered. In contrast, penetrations perpendicular to the border yielded low\u2010to\u2010moderate slopes (mean slope = 239\u00b0\/mm). On these penetrations a more limited range of optimal orientations (&lt;180\u00b0) was usually encountered, due to frequent reversals in the direction of orientation shift. Also, extended regions (100\u2013200 \u03bcm long) of constant optimal orientation were observed in these penetrations. The different patterns of orientation change found on these orthogonal penetrations across the striate cortex indicate that the orientation column system in this species is anisotropically organized with respect to the 17\u201318 border. Further, the regions of constant optimal orientation frequently encountered on penetrations perpendicular to the 17\u201318 border suggest that the anisotropy is subserved by a system of elongated zones of iso\u2010orientation arranged approximately perpendicular to the 17\u201318 border.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.901920311","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,1,1]],"date-time":"2005-01-01T23:16:40Z","timestamp":1104621400000},"page":"531-547","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":55,"title":["Topographic organization of the orientation column system in the striate cortex of the tree shrew (<i>Tupaia glis<\/i>). I. Microelectrode recording"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"192","author":[{"given":"Allen L.","family":"Humphrey","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Thomas T.","family":"Norton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,10,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1978.41.5.1140"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00234062"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","volume-title":"The Mechanism and Applications of Leao's Spreading Depression of Electroencephalographic Activity","author":"Bures J.","year":"1974"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(75)90749-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.901390303"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.901500403"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0042-6989(74)90141-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(75)90568-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1962.sp006837"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1963.sp007079"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1968.sp008455"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.901460402"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.901580304"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.901770302"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(77)91069-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","first-page":"563","article-title":"Microelectrode analysis of the orientation column system in the striate cortex of the tree shrew (Tupaia glis)","volume":"3","author":"Humphrey A. 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