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In order to determine the synaptic density per mm<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>, the proportion of synaptic neuropil was also measured; it was found to be 84%. The cortical volume occupied by cell bodies of neurons and glia cells amounted to 12%, that by blood vessels to 4%.<\/jats:p><jats:p>The total average was 9.2 \u00d7 10<jats:sup>4<\/jats:sup> neurons\/mm<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup> and 7.2 \u00d7 10<jats:sup>8<\/jats:sup> synapses\/mm<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>. About 11% of the synapses were of type II. The density of neurons increased with decreasing cortical thickness; thus the number of neurons under a given surface area was about constant. The synaptic density, on the other hand, was almost constant in the three areas, the number of synapses under a given cortical surface area tended, therefore, to increase with cortical thickness. The average number of synapses per neuron was 8,200, with a tendency to increase with increasing cortical thickness.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Shrinkage of the tissue was also measured for various staining techniques. No shrinkage occurred during perfusion with 3.7% formaldehyde or with a solution of buffered paraformaldehyde and glutaraldehyde and during fixation in situ. Electron microscopical material showed almost no shrinkage, whereas Nissl\u2010preparations on paraffin\u2010embedded material had only 43% of their original volume. After Nissl stain on frozen sections the volume had shrunken to 68% and after Golgi impregnation and embedding in celloidin to 70%. The total volume of the neocortex was 112 mm<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup> (both hemispheres together). The total number of neurons was thus 1.0 \u00d7 10<jats:sup>7<\/jats:sup> and the total number of synapses 8.1 \u00d7 10<jats:sup>10<\/jats:sup>.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.902860404","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,1,1]],"date-time":"2005-01-01T19:01:13Z","timestamp":1104606073000},"page":"442-455","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":336,"title":["Density of neurons and synapses in the cerebral cortex of the mouse"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"286","author":[{"given":"Almut","family":"Sch\u00fcz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G\u00fcnther","family":"Palm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,10,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.1090940210"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Physics of Cognitive Processes","author":"Aertsen A.","year":"1987"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01097194"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","first-page":"915","article-title":"Wirkung chronischer Hypoxie auf die postnatale Synaptogenese im Occipitalcortex der Ratte","volume":"71","author":"B\u00e4r T. 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