{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T16:14:39Z","timestamp":1777392879519,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,10,10]],"date-time":"2004-10-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1097366400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3212,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J of Comparative Neurology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1995,12,25]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The architecture of the pulvinar of rhesus monkeys was investigated by acetylcholinester ase (AChE) histochemistry, and by immunocytochemiatry for calbindin\u2010D<jats:sub>28k<\/jats:sub> and the SMI\u201032 antibody. The presence of four inferior subdivisions, comparable to those found in architectonic connectional studies in squirrel monkeys (C. G. Cusick, J Scripter, J. G. Darensbourg, and J. T. Weber, 1993, J. Comp. Neurol. 336:1\u201330), provided a basis for a proposed revised terminology for visual sectors of the macaque pulvinar. In the present study, the inferior pulvinar (PI) was identified as a neurochemically distinct region that included the traditional cytoarchitectonic nucleus PI and adjacent portions of the lateral and medial pulvmar nuclei, PL and PM. In calbindin\u2010D<jats:sub>28k<\/jats:sub> stains, the lateral. subdivision of the inferior pulvinar (PI<jats:sub>L<\/jats:sub>) had less intense neuropil staining than the adjacent central division, PI<jats:sub>c<\/jats:sub>. The PI<jats:sub>L<\/jats:sub> was characterized by large, intensely immunopositive neurons seldom found within Pl<jats:sub>c<\/jats:sub>. PI<jats:sub>L<\/jats:sub> occupied the traditional PL and PI and exhibited a shell zone, PI<jats:sub>L\u2010S<\/jats:sub>, restricted to PL. The medial division of the inferior pulvinar (PI<jats:sub>M<\/jats:sub>) was in a location previously shown to be strongly connected with the middle temporal visual area (MT) in macaques. PI<jats:sub>M<\/jats:sub> was found in the medial one\u2010half of the traditional PI and extended into adjacent portions of the traditional PM and PL. PI<jats:sub>M<\/jats:sub> was distinguished by less intense staining for calbindin and many cells stained with the SMI\u201032 antibody for neurofilament protein. In AChE stains, PI<jats:sub>L<\/jats:sub> was moderately dark, Pl<jats:sub>c<\/jats:sub> appeared lighter, and PI<jats:sub>M<\/jats:sub> was characterized by small, intensely stained patches. The small posterior division (PI<jats:sub>P<\/jats:sub>) stained darkly for calbindin, lightly for AChE, and was unstained with the SMI\u201032 antibody. Thus, neurochemical, and perhaps connectional, subdivisions exist within PI, the region of the pulvinar that relays information to striate, \u201clower order\u201d extrastriate, and inferotemporal visual cortex. \u00a9 1995 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.903630404","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,1,1]],"date-time":"2005-01-01T07:30:54Z","timestamp":1104564654000},"page":"545-562","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":100,"title":["Neurochemical subdivisions of the inferior pulvinar in macaque monkeys"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"363","author":[{"given":"C.","family":"Gutierrez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Yaun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C. G.","family":"Cusick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,10,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.902710308"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.902410309"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0952523800003229"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0952523800004922"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.903130106"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1981.46.3.672"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1982.48.1.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00237265"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.901600306"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(76)90160-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4522(83)90299-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"478","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00230959","article-title":"Tectorecipient zone of cat lateral posterior nucleus: Evidence that collicular afferents contain acetylcholinesterase","volume":"84","author":"Berson D. M.","year":"1991","journal-title":"Exp. Brain Res."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1017\/S0952523800010701","article-title":"Subcortical connections of visual areas MST and FST in macaques","volume":"9","author":"Bousuoud D.","year":"1992","journal-title":"Vis. Neurosci."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.902820204"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4522(90)90091-H"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4522(94)90445-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.900590305"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.902920106"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0952523800001486"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.903360102"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.90.4.1425"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","first-page":"233","article-title":"Topographical and topological organization of the thalamocortlcsl projection to the striat, and prestriat cortex In the marmoset (Collithrtx jacchus)","volume":"844","author":"Dick A.","year":"1991","journal-title":"Exp. Brain Res."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/1.1.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(92)91462-N"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00325634"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00235880"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4522(80)90196-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0028-3932(91)90007-U"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(94)90710-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_31_1","first-page":"394","article-title":"V1 connections reveal multiple visuotopic representations correlating with chemoarchitectonic subdivisions of the macaque inferior pulvinar","volume":"21","author":"Gutierrez C.","year":"1995","journal-title":"Soc. Neurosci. Abstr."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_32_1","first-page":"331","article-title":"Chemoarchitecture and connections of the visual pulvinar in monkey","volume":"19","author":"Gutierrez C.","year":"1993","journal-title":"Soc. Neurosci. Abstr."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_33_1","first-page":"770","article-title":"Calbindin and SMI\u201032 immunostaining delineate subdivisions of the visual pulvinar in macaque monkey","volume":"24","author":"Gutierrez C.","year":"1994","journal-title":"Soc. Neuroici. Abstr."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/2.3.217"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.901920414"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(91)90076-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/SQB.1983.048.01.090"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1177\/29.4.6166661","article-title":"Usa of avidin\u2010biotin\u2010peroxidese complex (ABC) in immunoperoxidase techniques A comparison between ABC and unlabeled antibody (PAP) procedures","volume":"29","author":"Hsu S. M.","year":"1981","journal-title":"J. Histochem. Cyto chem."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.902530402","article-title":"Frontal eye field as defined by intracortical microstimulation in scqirrel monkeys, owl monkeys, and macaque monkeys: I. Subcortical connections","volume":"253","author":"Huerta M. F.","year":"1916","journal-title":"J. Comp. Neurol."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(83)90131-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.1989.tb00791.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_42_1","first-page":"327","article-title":"The subcortical visual system of primates","volume":"4","author":"Kaas J. H.","year":"1988","journal-title":"Comp. Prim. Biol."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.903190111"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.901870403"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4522(80)90138-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.902500403","article-title":"Histochemical and architectonic differentiation of zones of pretectal and collicular inputs to the pulvinar and dorsal lateral geniculate nuclei in the macaque","volume":"250","author":"Standage Lysakowski A. G. P.","year":"1986","journal-title":"J. Comp. Neurol."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_47_1","first-page":"651","article-title":"An investigation collateral projections of the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus and other subcotical structures to cortical areas V1 end V4 in the mecaque monkey: A double label retrograde tracer study","volume":"69","author":"Lysakowaki","year":"1988","journal-title":"Exp. Brain. Res."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(71)90622-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4886(76)90155-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.901880112"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_51_1","volume-title":"The Thalamus of the Macaca mulatta, an Atlas for Use With the Stereotaxic Instrument","author":"Olszewski J.","year":"1952"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1985.54.4.867"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.902400103"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.11-01-00226.1991"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.12-10-04088.1992"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.89.7.2571"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(79)90260-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(85)90176-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-2236(92)90354-B"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00236042"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00231243"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1991.66.2.485"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2033","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.09-06-02033.1989","article-title":"Afferent basis of visual response properties in area MT of the macaqua. I. Effects of striate cortex removal","volume":"9","author":"Rodman H. R.","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Neurosci."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1154","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.10-04-01154.1990","article-title":"Aflerent basis of visual response properties in area MT of the macaque. II. Effects of superior colliculus removal","volume":"10","author":"Rodman H. R.","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.902950212"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.08-11-04049.1988"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(83)91020-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0952523800004776"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(92)90325-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(74)91025-7","article-title":"Medial pulvinar afferents to frontal eye fields in rhesus monkey demonstrated by horseradish peroxidase","volume":"80","author":"Trojanowaki J. Q.","year":"1974","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_71_1","first-page":"549","volume-title":"Analysis of Visual Behavior","author":"Ungerleider L. G.","year":"1982"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.902170203","article-title":"Visuotopic organization of projections from striate cortex to inferior and lateral pulvinar in rhesus monkey","volume":"17","author":"Ungerleider L. G.","year":"1983","journal-title":"J. Comp. Neural."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.902230304"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_74_1","volume-title":"The Primate Thalamus","author":"Walker A. E.","year":"1938"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.903350106"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.902820107"}],"container-title":["Journal of Comparative Neurology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fcne.903630404","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/cne.903630404","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,25]],"date-time":"2023-10-25T17:58:16Z","timestamp":1698256696000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/cne.903630404"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1995,12,25]]},"references-count":75,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1995,12,25]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/cne.903630404"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cne.903630404","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0021-9967","1096-9861"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0021-9967","type":"print"},{"value":"1096-9861","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1995,12,25]]}}}