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The algorithm employs a modified fundamental harmonic analysis (MFHA) and takes into account models of the battery and output filter. Using this algorithm, mutual inductance, output power, and the instantaneous voltage of the battery are predicted with less than 5% error. The formulations are presented for a series\u2013series IPT system and generalized for non\u2010symmetric conditions, meaning when the primary and secondary sides have different resonant frequencies. The proposed estimation method has been verified by different sensitivity analyses and simulations, using MATLAB and PSIM simulators. To validate the proposed algorithm, a laboratory prototype with operating frequencies of 82 to 85\u2009kHz and maximum output power of 200\u2009W was implemented and the accuracy of the estimations has been verified under different output power and operating frequencies for both symmetrical and non\u2010symmetrical conditions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cta.4497","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,8]],"date-time":"2025-03-08T13:48:41Z","timestamp":1741441721000},"page":"5613-5625","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Accurate and Fast Load Estimation Under Detuned Operation of IPT Systems"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"53","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-5908-1583","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hani","family":"Savaedi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Jundi Shapur University of Technology  Dezful Iran"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5249-9630","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seyed\u00a0Saeid\u00a0Heidari","family":"Yazdi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nazarbayev University  Astana Kazakhstan"}]},{"given":"Mehdi","family":"Bagheri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nazarbayev University  Astana Kazakhstan"}]},{"given":"Alireza","family":"Namadmalan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic)  Tehran Iran"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jin R. 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