{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]],"date-time":"2025-11-04T19:06:47Z","timestamp":1762283207382,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,3]],"date-time":"2025-04-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743638400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000006","name":"Office of Naval Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["N00014\u201023\u20101\u20102648"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N00014\u201023\u20101\u20102648"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000006","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Circuit Theory &amp; Apps"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    This study proposes a millimeter\u2010wave scalable rectenna array with individual fundamental and second harmonic impedance control to realize high\u2010efficiency wireless power transfer. The proposed rectenna array features a series arrangement of highly efficient series diode rectifiers, four 2\u2009\u00d7\u20096 patch antenna arrays, and a DC combining network utilizing low turn\u2010on voltage diodes to perform optimal output voltage summation from each rectifier. Furthermore, to maximize the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the rectenna array, an individual impedance control network is introduced, allowing independent control of the input impedance observed by each rectifier at both fundamental and second harmonic frequencies. This ensures that the input impedance remains unaffected by the output impedance observed by the connection line during DC combining. A radial stub\u2010based DC pass filter is used to render the input impedance observed by the load as short and open circuits at fundamental frequencies for input matching and at second harmonic frequencies for recycling harmonic signals. A single rectifier achieved a peak PCE of 64% at 33\u2009GHz and maintained over 40% PCE within the input power range of 11.4\u201321.7\u2009dBm. The four rectifiers were integrated with the DC combining network and the four patch antenna arrays. Consequently, the rectenna array was validated in a free\u2010space environment, providing an output DC voltage of 16.2\u2009V when a transmitter delivered an incident wave power density of 19.8\u2009dBm\/cm\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    at a distance of 50\u2009cm from the rectenna array.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cta.4539","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,5]],"date-time":"2025-04-05T04:04:32Z","timestamp":1743825872000},"page":"6143-6151","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["High\u2010Efficiency Millimeter\u2010Wave Scalable Rectenna Array With Individual Impedance Control"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"Yeonsoo","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Intelligent Semiconductors Soongsil University Seoul  Seoul Republic of Korea"}]},{"given":"Sooyoung","family":"Oh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electronic Engineering Soongsil University  Seoul Republic of Korea"}]},{"given":"Kyungbin","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Intelligent Semiconductors Soongsil University Seoul  Seoul Republic of Korea"}]},{"given":"Hojin","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Intelligent Semiconductors Soongsil University Seoul  Seoul Republic of Korea"}]},{"given":"Sun\u00a0K.","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Intelligent Semiconductors Soongsil University Seoul  Seoul Republic of Korea"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4694-8545","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juntaek","family":"Oh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Intelligent Semiconductors Soongsil University Seoul  Seoul Republic of Korea"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2022.3224487"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2020.2986329"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MMM.2013.2259398"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","first-page":"6","article-title":"K\u2010Band CMOS High\u2010Power Harmonic Response Rectifier for Nonlinear Detection Based Wireless Power Transfer","volume":"9","author":"Kim J.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Jersey International Centre of Advanced Studies"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","first-page":"26","article-title":"Multiple Energy Harvesting for Highly Efficient Wireless Power Receiver","volume":"8","author":"Yang K.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Jersey International Centre of Advanced Studies"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cta.4045"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cta.4145"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","first-page":"2345","article-title":"A Novel Design of Dual\u2010Band Inverse Class\u2010F Shunt\u2010Diode Rectifier for Energy Harvesting","volume":"70","author":"Bui G. T.","year":"2023","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JMW.2024.3491812"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIE.2017.2772203"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LMWC.2021.3070135"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMTT.2019.2901443"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TAP.2017.2734243"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-79500-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JMW.2020.3033992"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2019.2933025"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LMWC.2020.2968237"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LMWC.2020.3037137"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2023.3301536"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JPHOT.2021.3079180"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCSII.2020.2977076"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMTT.2022.3187981"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MMM.2014.2309499"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2020.2995783"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/1897283"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMTT.2020.3018735"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JMW.2024.3518555"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","first-page":"1309","article-title":"A Scalable High\u2010Gain and Large\u2010Beamwidth mm\u2010Wave Harvesting Approach for 5G\u2010Powered IoT","author":"Eid A.","year":"2019","journal-title":"IEEE MTT\u2010S International Microwave Symposium Digest"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Circuit Theory and Applications"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/cta.4539","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]],"date-time":"2025-11-04T18:59:32Z","timestamp":1762282772000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/cta.4539"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,3]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/cta.4539"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cta.4539","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0098-9886","1097-007X"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0098-9886"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1097-007X"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-02-18","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-03-24","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-04-03","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}