{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T02:57:42Z","timestamp":1782961062988,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,29]],"date-time":"2025-05-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748476800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,29]],"date-time":"2025-05-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748476800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100018540","name":"Natural Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars of Guangdong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022B1515020002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022B1515020002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100018540","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Circuit Theory &amp; Apps"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In on\u2010road e\u2010bike charging technology, traditional wireless charging systems often struggle to maintain controllable power output due to fluctuations in coupling coefficients and differences in battery types and electric bicycles (e\u2010bikes) structures. To address these challenges, this article introduces a versatile wireless charging circuit incorporating variable inductor and capacitor arrays, complemented by a novel impedance\u2010modulation control method. This wireless charger is designed to accommodate varying coupling coefficients and power requirements, enabling efficient battery charging for on\u2010road e\u2010bikes. First, the circuit parameters are customized by the impedance modulation requirements of the load, including the variation range of variable inductance and capacitance. Second, the complex interactions between variable inductor, capacitor arrays, coupling coefficients and output power are explored and mathematically modeled through analysis. Finally, a prototype with an output power of 50\u2009W and maximum system efficiency of 86.78% is built to validate the proposed method. The experimental validation shows that the output power is almost constant when \n is varied from 0.15 to 0.25.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cta.4607","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,29]],"date-time":"2025-05-29T03:59:06Z","timestamp":1748491146000},"page":"817-831","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Adaptable Impedance Modulation Circuitry Based Wireless Charging System for On\u2010Road E\u2010Bikes"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"54","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2371-2890","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guidong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Automation Guangdong University of Technology  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-5397-7354","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yiyang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Automation Guangdong University of Technology  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shihao","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Automation Guangdong University of Technology  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samson\u00a0Shenglong","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Engineering Deakin University  Melbourne Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCSI.2025.3555416"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPEL.2025.3543069"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"A Dual\u2010Frequency Tuning Method for Estimating Coupling Coefficient and Output Voltage by Measuring Transmitter Current of IPT System","volume":"2025","author":"Han M. 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O.Di\u00a0Tommaso R.Miceli andG.Capponi \u201cWireless Battery Charging: E\u2010Bike Application \u201d in2013 International Conference on Renewable Energy Research and Applications (ICRERA) (2013):247\u2013251.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICRERA.2013.6749760"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M.Wu I.\u2010W.Iam C.Gong andC.\u2010S.Lam \u201cA Wireless Charging System With Bipolar Partial Power Conversion for 400V\/800V EV Battery \u201d inIECON 2024 \u2010 50th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society (2024):1\u20134.","DOI":"10.1109\/IECON55916.2024.10905069"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPEL.2017.2698002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"T.WangandC.Zhao \u201cAnalyses on Superposition Action in Diagonal DD Coils to Intensify IPT Power Capacity \u201d in2018 IEEE International Conference on Mechatronics and Automation (ICMA) 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