{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,8]],"date-time":"2026-03-08T23:16:18Z","timestamp":1773011778889,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,5]],"date-time":"2025-07-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751673600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,5]],"date-time":"2025-07-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751673600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Circuit Theory &amp;amp; Apps"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    In this paper, we propose a novel comparator\u2010less amplitude shift keying (ASK) demodulator circuit with an on\u2010off keying (OOK) encoding scheme. The proposed circuit can fully demodulate the data without requiring a bulky comparator circuit. The data is extracted by passing the sinusoidal ASK\u2010OOK signal through the input buffer circuit and sawtooth peak to time converter (SPTC) circuit with an inverter, followed by the output driver circuit. This circuit is designed for biomedical implants utilizing a single inductive coupled wireless power transfer (WPT) system, where data and power can be transferred simultaneously, eliminating the need for a dedicated inductive data link. A prototype circuit is designed and fabricated using 180\u2010nm CMOS technology with a compact core area of 1.08\u2009mm\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    . The circuit achieves an energy efficiency of 33.6\u2009pJ\/bit at a data rate of 1\u2009Mbps.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cta.70051","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,5]],"date-time":"2025-07-05T05:31:37Z","timestamp":1751693497000},"page":"1281-1290","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A Comparator\u2010Less ASK\u2010OOK Data Demodulator Circuit for Downlink Data Transfer Over Inductive Link"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"54","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-2125-2753","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Naqeeb","family":"Ullah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Information Science and Electrical Engineering Kyushu University  Fukuoka Japan"},{"name":"Electronic Engineering Department Faculty of Information and Communication Technology, BUITEMS  Quetta Balochistan Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohd\u00a0Khairi\u00a0Bin","family":"Zulkalnain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Information Science and Electrical Engineering Kyushu University  Fukuoka Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adel","family":"Barakat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Information Science and Electrical Engineering Kyushu University  Fukuoka Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Haruichi","family":"Kanaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Information Science and Electrical Engineering Kyushu University  Fukuoka Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ramesh\u00a0K.","family":"Pokharel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Binghamton University  Binghamton New York USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSSC.2024.3366176"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSSC.2022.3207549"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cta.4522"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mejo.2022.105633"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mejo.2021.105052"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11082-020-02497-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12596\u2010024\u201001929\u20104"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","first-page":"640","article-title":"A 34\u2010pJ\/Bit Area\u2010Efficient ASK Demodulator Based on Switching\u2010Mode Signal Shaping","volume":"64","author":"Navaii M. L.","year":"2017","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1049\/el.2015.4267"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCSI.2020.3010308"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","unstructured":"C.\u2010C.Wang Y.\u2010H.Hsueh U. F.Chio andY.\u2010T.Hsiao.2004. \u201cA C\u2010Less ASK Demodulator for Implantable Neural Interfacing Chips\u201d. Proc. IEEE Int. Symp. Circuits Syst. pp. IV\u201057."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCSI.2008.916422"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","first-page":"265","article-title":"Self\u2010Sampled All MOS ASK Demodulator for Lower ISM Band Applications","volume":"57","author":"Wang C.\u2010C.","year":"2010","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1049\/el.2012.0037"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M. M.NavidiandG.\u2010S.Byun.2013. \u201cA Near\u2010Threshold ASK Demodulator for Ultra\u2010Low\u2010Power Implantable Biomedical Microsystems\u201d. in Proc. IEEE Wireless Microw. Technol. Conf. Apr. 1\u20134.","DOI":"10.1109\/WAMICON.2013.6572753"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Ultra\u2010Low Power Current Mode All\u2010MOS ASK Demodulator for Radio Frequency Identification Applications","volume":"10","author":"Mousavi N.","year":"2015","journal-title":"IET Circuits, Devices & Systems"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","first-page":"474","article-title":"All\u2010MOS ASK Demodulator for Low\u2010Frequency Applications","volume":"55","author":"Lee T.\u2010J.","year":"2008","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","article-title":"Counter\u2010Based CMOS QCWM Demodulator for Wide Frequency Range WPT Biohealth Applications","volume":"10","author":"Zulkalnain M. K.","year":"2025","journal-title":"Memories"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","first-page":"1234","article-title":"A Power\u2010Efficient Envelope\u2010Detector\u2010Less Amplitude\u2010Shift\u2010Keying Forward Telemetry for Wirelessly Powered Biomedical Devices","volume":"18","author":"Lee H.\u2010S.","year":"2024","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TBCAS.2024.3359772"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSSC.2024.3372430"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TBCAS.2022.3146559"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TBCAS.2024.3372571"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4236\/cs.2016.710257"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Circuit Theory and Applications"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/cta.70051","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/cta.70051","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/cta.70051","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,8]],"date-time":"2026-03-08T21:44:55Z","timestamp":1773006295000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/cta.70051"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,5]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/cta.70051"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cta.70051","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0098-9886","1097-007X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0098-9886","type":"print"},{"value":"1097-007X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-03-20","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-06-20","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-07-05","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}